learning theories

Changing Theories of Learning

Dan CraigSeoul National University

dan@danielcraig.com

Talking Points

EpistemologyLearning Theories

• Behaviorism• Cognitivism• Constructivism• Connectivism

Instructional TheoriesImplications for Language Instruction

Epistemology

What is the nature of knowledge?• Is it external or internal?• Is it ethereal or constructed?• Who owns knowledge?

Epistemology (2)

How is knowledge acquired?• How do we learn?

What can we know?• Is it possible to know anything? What the

“knowing” mean?

Learning Theories

What are learning theories?What are they good for?Popular theories of learning

• Behaviorism• Cognitivism• Constructivism• Connectivism

Behaviorism

How does learning occur?• Sensory impressions• Stimulus Response Consequence

How do we know that learning takes place?• Observable change in behavior

How does transfer occur?• Similar stimuli

Cognitivism

How does learning occur?• Connections are made between old and new

information in meaningful interactions.How do know that learning takes place?

• Synthesis of informationHow does transfer occur?

• Through exposure to similar contexts

Constructivism

How does learning occur?• Through interactions between the learner and

societyHow do know that learning takes place?

• Ability to perform in a situationHow does transfer occur?

• Through participation in similar situations

Connectivism

How does learning occur?• Interaction with and between your network

How do know that learning takes place?• Ability to utilize your network to solve a

problem.How does transfer occur?

• Through applying and modifying your network for the new situation

Instructional Theories

What is an instructional theory?Differences between learning and

instructional theoriesInfluence they have on one another

Instructional Theories (2)

How instruction should be designedFocus on “getting the job done”Strict approachesEclectic approaches

Language Learning Potential

Encourage autonomous learningExposure to authentic languageOpportunities for interactionSense of community

Language Learning Concerns

How much can we off-load?Is it culturally feasible?

Conclusion

Better roads?Big 3ConnectivismApplication

Good recent article on Connectivism

Thank you very much!

Any Questions?

Daniel Craigdan@danielcraig.comhttp://danielcraig.com

http://iucall.blogspot.com

Attributes

Grass pathDirt roadOld paved roadLong highway

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