la recherche institute of high pressure physics l’usine metalurgique „huta warszawa”...

La recherche

Institute of High Pressure PhysicsL’usine metalurgique „Huta Warszawa”

L’industrie

La sud de la Pologne

et les problématiques de l’environnement en Pologne

vu par l’Ecole Polytechnique de VarsovieJan PlutaFaculté de Physique

Perspectives énergétiquesde la Pologne

La PremiereCooperationFranco-Polonaise

France

Pologne

France

Pologne

(comparaison)

et

Pologne France Rapport Pl/Fr

surface 322 577 km² 547 026 km² 0.59

population 38 189 000 60 656 178 0.63

densité de

population

123 pers./km² 111 pers./km² 1.108

Perspectives énergétiquesde la Pologne

Current status:

Production of electric energy (2005)

approx. 150 TWh.

It is sufficient for the needs of country.

Conclusion:

No needs to build new electric power plants.

but

Poland: 150 TWh.

France: 580 TWh

It corresponds for Poland: 580TWh *0.6 = 348 TWh

More than two times more !!!

What is the reason for this difference?

1. Smaller needs of industry.2. Using of coal and/or other fuels – where the electricity

can be used.

comparison

http://www.biomasa.org/edukacja/odnawialnezrodlaenergii

Contribution of different sources of energy in the world production of electricity.

Contribution of different sources of energy in the production of electricity in Poland(95% - coal) Charbon 95 % !!!

Why we need new electric power stations?

• Development of industry and social infrastructure

• Decreasing of: CO2, SO2, NOX emission

• Diversification of the sources of energy

What new source of energy is suitable for Poland?

Coal – NO (emission of CO2, SO2, NOX +

diversification) Oil or gas, – NO (dependence on Russia ?) Renewable sources of energy:

Water – already used Wind – OK. but insufficient Geothermal sources – too low source temperature Sun – OK. but insufficient Biomass – unrealistic and unreasonable

Nuclear – OK. but....................

... and what about the windmills?I do not like such view.I prefer rather this, (les cigognes)

...and I am sure that the birds are of the same opinion.

Today there are more than 400 nuclear power

reactors in operation in 31 countries around the

world. Generating electricity for nearly 1 billion

people, they account for approximately almost

17 percent of worldwide electricity generation

and provide half or more of the electricity in a

number of industrialized countries.

Nuclear – OK. but....................

• Czarnobyl – Society say – „No more!”

• Coal resources sufficient for 30 – 50 years

• Future of the coal mining industry (mines

and miners) ??? (social problem)

• No experts in Poland (The construction of first

nuclear power plant in Poland was stopped after the

Czarnobyl disaster.)

Coal or Nuclear energy – Competition.

Unacceptable!

Is it possible to change

competition cooperation (?)

„That is the question”

Up to now the nuclear plants were only used for the production of electric energy.

... but maybe there are some other possibilities?

High-temperature nuclear plants of 4-th generation

can be the solution of the problem, as:

electric energy production,

Coal gas or liquid fuel

natural source exist in Poland (coal)

Social problem resolved (miners)

Independence on the source of liquid/gas fuels (Russia)

High (9000C) temperature useful for many technological

processes, e.g. production of Hydrogen.

Some numbers on Hydrogen production and application

• The world production of Hydrogen in 2004 is more than 50 millions ton.

• 95% of Hydrogen is produced from the natural gas

• 50% is used for the production of fertilizer artificial

• 40% is used by the oil refinery• 97% is produced close to the location of its

application• 10% - year increase of world production of

Hydrogenhttp://web.mit.edu/pebble-bed

Hydrogen in Poland today:Nitrogen processing

2 miliards m3 of natural gas used for the production of Hydrogen and ammonia:

CH4 + 2H2O CO2 +4H2

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

High temperature reactor could diminish the year using of natural gas up to some hundreds of millions m3.

System for Hydrogen production at the Płock refineryis using up to 100 thousands m3/h what is making possible to produce 80 thousands tons of Hydrogen per year.This hydrogen is then used for the processes like hydrokraking to produce light hydrocarbons from the heavy fraction of oil.

High temperature reactor used in the oil refinery could increase the year production of commercial liquid fuels up to some hundreds of ton (and/or decrease the using of oil)

Hydrogen in Poland today:oil refinery

High temperature reactor in small and efficient power plant

• Thanks to high temperature, T = 900 oC, the efficiency of the change of heat to electricity is about 45%

• In the case of coal plant this efficiency is less than 40%, and for currently working nuclear plants is about 35%

• The possibility of construction of small, efficient end ecological coal plant is unrealistic

Small, efficient nuclear power plant will make competition for gas power plant – not for a large coal plant.

Heat of the reactor for the coal processing and production of gas and liquid fuel

The first stage of synthetic petrol production is carbon processinfg for gas:C + H2O CO + H2

In the next stages the CO2 is removed from the synthetic gas and the synthesis of hydrogen with carbon oxide is making:17H2 + 8CO C8H18 + 8H2O

This technology is well known but is expensive and strenuous for the environment. Some tons of coal should be used to change on ton for the synthetic petrol.The heat from the high temperature reactor will make possible to change even some hundreds of tons of coal for liquid fuel and this process will be friendly for the environment.

Hydrogen the fuel of the future

Hydrogen is seen as a fuel of the future but will become it only when some condition are fulfilled:

• Efficient, cheep and clean technologies of Hydrogen production

• Systems of hydrogen storage• Fuel cells, making efficiently electricity from

Hydrogen and Oxygen

High temperature reactor in the industrial centre

Reactor

Electricity

Hydrogen

Technological heat T = 900 oC

Fuel elements of high temperature reactor

Fuel element design

Fuel sphere(Φ = 6 cm)

Half-section

Graphite layer (5mm)

Coated particle (Φ ≈ 1mm)

Coated particles imbedded inGraphite Matrix

Some layers ofdifferent materials for safety

Fuel (uranium dioxide) (Φ = 0,5 mm)http://www.pbmr.com

Construction of high temperature reactor

http://web.mit.edu/pebble-bed/index.html

Reaktor wysokotemperaturowy

http://web.mit.edu/pebble-bed/index.html

And what with the radioactive waste?

Reactor use some tens of tons of fuel par year.

• Storage of radiactive waste will be near the reactor duriong approx. 50 years of reactor operation and 50 years after the end of work.

• The storage place do not need a forced cooling

• From the very begin the fuel is in almost nondestructive microcapsules

• The recycling of fuel is not predicted.

Conclusion:

The high temperature 4-th generationnuclear reactoris a good solutionfor Poland.

...and what about the future generations?

THE NUCLEAR FUSION

Tokamak

ITERIn

Cadarache

(FRANCE)

"тороидальная камера в магнитных катушках"

Warsaw University of Technology

History since 1826

the main building of WUT

Students: 30 000 Academic staff: 2500 other staff: 2000 17 faculties

Welcome to

“Gaudeamus igitur...”

Warsaw University of Technology

Celebration of the new Academic Year

Warsaw University of Technology

Celebration

of the new

Academic Year

Ecole Polytechnique de Varsovie – la structure

• Faculté d’Architecture

• Faculté de Chimie

• Faculté d’Electronique et Techniques d’Information

• Faculté d’Electrotechnique

• Faculté de Physique

• Faculté de Géodésie et Cartographie

• Faculté de Génie Chimique et de Génie des Procédés

• Faculté de Génie Civil

• Faculté de Génie des Matériaux

• Faculté de Génie de Production

11.Faculté de Génie de l’Environnement12.Faculté des Mathématiques et Sciences d’Information13.Faculté d’Energétique et de Génie Aérospatial14.Faculté de Mécatronique15.Faculté des Voitures et Machines Lourdes16.Faculté de Transport17.Faculté de Génie Civil, Mécanique et Pétrochimie

• Collège des Sciences Sociales et d’Administration• Collège des Sciences Economiques et Sociales• Ecole des Affaires (Bussiness School)• Centre Inter – facultés de Biotechnologie• Ecole des Sciences Techniques et Sociales

Ecole Polytechnique de Varsovie – la structure(suite)

Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology

Divisions: •Complex systems •Optics•Semiconductors•Solid State Ionics•Condensed Matter Structure•Solid State Technology•Nuclear Physics•Nonlinear Optics

Divisions: •Complex systems •Optics•Semiconductors•Solid State Ionics•Condensed Matter Structure•Solid State Technology•Nuclear Physics•Nonlinear Optics

Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology

Some important events at the Faculty

Ceremony of Marie Curie fellowships awards... led by prof. Gerard ‘t Hooft.

Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology

Some important events at the Faculty

Meeting of

Polish

Physicists

September

2005

Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology

Some important events at the Faculty

Festival of

science

2005

„Physics

under the

sails and

wings”

„Połowinki”

Cooperation with EMN

Cooperation agreementsigned 24 March 1997

by director of EMN Mr. Germinet and rector of WUT Mr. Woźnicki

during the visitof EMN delegation in Warsaw

After - Rapid development of cooperation in research and education

Before - scientific cooperation since 1991: experiments: E183, E193, E286 at GANIL, and NA44 at CERN

Cooperation agreement (in Polish)

Visit of the delegation from WUT with the Rector (J. Woźnicki) at EMN

Cooperation of teachersExchange of students

Common research

Three base elementsof cooperation

An idea of Mr Germinet

Exchange of students

Industrial Training of EMN

students in Poland

Research training of

WUT students in France

International student project (PCI)

Number of students, (months) = 31, (93)

Examples of placements:

• Metallurgic Plant “Warszawa-Luccini”

• Polish Telecom “TPSA”

• Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology

• Institute of Aviation

• Cancer Therapy Centre in Kielce

• Establishment for Nuclear Equipment in Swierk

• Warsaw University of Technology

3-months Industrial Training of EMN

students in Poland (1997 - 2005)

Research training of students from WUT at EMN (1997 -2004)

Number of students+tutors, (months) = 54, (85)

The subjects of research projects:

•Analysis of the results from E286 experiment at GANIL

•Data Base system for SSD detector of STAR experiment

•System of Data Acquisition for STAR-SSD

•Data Base for the construction of ALICE detector

•Non-identical particle correlations measured by STAR

•Three-dimensional Imaging Technique

International student project (PCI)

Autumn 1998 – „Application of semiconductor detectors for

sterilisation of medical materials”

Autumn 2000 – new projects with two faculties of WUT

Autumn 2001 – realisation of PCI project on Radon... (spontaneous visit of EMN students in Warsaw)

----------------------------Autumn 2002 - realisation of the next PCI project etc...

January 2001 – exchange of students (in both directions) between EMN at WUT in the frame of PCI

Autumn 99 – 3 common student projects with Faculty

of Physics and Faculty of Environmental Engineering

PCI project 2001/2002 “Radon radiation in private and public buildings”

...and makes the real measurementswith French and Polish studentsin December 2001.

Dr Wolkowicz from Polish Geological Institutedemonstrates the instrumentfor radon measurements...

Consultation ... just before...

...presentation

...and happy after presentation! Visit in the power plant „Kawęczyn”

Final report on PCI in 1999/2000 academic year in Warsaw

Cooperation of teachers

September 99 – (WUT=>EMN)

Visit at EMN of D. Soltyska – the head of Foreign Language Division at WUT

June 2000– (EMN=>WUT)Visit of the delegation of EMN in Warsaw (presentation of the principles of APA )

March 2002 – (WUT=>EMN)Visit of Prof. Galwas and Dr. Grabski at EMN, demonstration of distance laboratories for students

June 2002 – (WUT<=>EMN) “ALE’2002” - “Active Leaning in Engineering Education” organised by John Miller-Jones from EMN with participation of Jan Pluta from WUT

Pol-Bernard Gossiaux form EMN demonstrates the principles of APA (*)

for the teachers and students at The Faculty of Physics, WUT

(*) APA – Apprentissage Par Action

APA

L’Apprentissage Par l’Action

„Learning by Doing”,

„Nauczanie przez Działanie”

A new way of teaching at EMNThe idea...show complicated phenomenain a simple way... (an example)

Robert Germinet

The original title

„L’apprentissagede l’incertain”

(my translation)

Learning (preparation)of (to) Uncertain

Common research

Experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory

STARLong IslandNew York,

USA

RHICRelativistic Heavy-Ion Collider

E=mc2

see: http://www.star. bnl.gov/

EMN &WUTscientific

cooperation( I )

Participation in STAR

Experimentat BNL

BrookhavenNew York

USA

see: http://alice.web.cern.ch/Alice/AliceNew

Experiment ALICE at CERN

ALICE

EMN &WUTscientific

cooperation( II )

Participation in ALICE

Experimentat CERN(Geneva)

UrQMD – Ultra-relativistic Quantum-Molecular Dynamics

„Phone meeting” at EMN i the frame of common participationIn the STAR experiment at Brookhaven National Lab. (USA)

On line are participants from:Warsaw, Brookhaven, Berkeley, Washington, Columbus...

Scientific cooperation

Arrangement of cooperation(an example)

From pluta@mars.if.pw.edu.pl Tue Dec 13 10:55:50 2005Date: Tue, 13 Dec 2005 10:55:50 +0100 (CET)From: Jan Pluta <pluta@mars.if.pw.edu.pl>To: M-me Nicole Poedras <Nicole.Poedras@emn.fr>Subject: sujets de stages en Pologne

Bonjour,J'ai les premiers sujets pour 4 personnes. amities, Jan=========================================================================A. Dans "Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology" http://www.ichtj.waw.pl

1. APPLICATION OF ISOTOPE RATIO MASS SPECTROMETRY (IRMS) FOR EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES (WATER EXCHANGE POLLUTENTS EMISSION ANDDISTRIBUTION) AND FOR FOOD AUTHENTICITY DETERMINATION (WINE, JUICES, etc.)Supervisor: Dr Jacek Palige, e-mail: jpalige@ichtj.waw.pl

2. CREATION OF THE INTERNET DATA BASE FOR THE AMBIENT DUST MONITORING NET.All information from the dust monitoring stations are to to be stored in thebase. Communication between stations an the base is provided by the internetand GSM.Supervisor: Adrian Jakowiuk, BSc, MSc e-mail: a_jakowiuk@ichtj.waw.pl

====================================================================Dans "Establishment for Nuclear Equipment": http://www.zdaj.com

....................................... etc.

1. I am sending the propositions of the training subjects to EMN

How it works?Organisation of the EMN students training in Poland

From jeanberniolles@gmail.com Wed Jan 11 19:24:40 2006Date: Wed, 11 Jan 2006 19:24:33 +0100From: Jean Berniolles <jeanberniolles@gmail.com>To: a_jakowiuk@ichtj.waw.plCc: pluta@if.pw.edu.pl, Nicole.Poedras@emn.frSubject: Placement inquiry: CREATION OF THE INTERNET DATA BASE

Dear Mr Jakowiuk,As a part of my training in the third year at the EMN, an engineeringschool of Nantes, France, we have the possibility to carry out a 3-month placement abroad.

I am writing to you because Mrs Poedras forwarded me the subject of the internship.

I think you will appreciate my technical skills in internetprogramming (php, MySQL, Java ~E) and my ability to understand newsystems and languages as well as applying the knowledge I have acquired.

I think that this placement is a fantastic opportunity to discover a new culture and to expand my knowledge in fields (internet programming, databases, mobile access ~E) I want to be more skilled in.

I will be available from the beginning of May to the end of August.

I would be pleased to discuss my resume with you in more detailduring an interview. In the meanwhile, do not hesitate to contact meby email should you require any further information.

I look forward to hearing from you. Jean Berniolles

2. Student is sending mail to his future supervisor.

Domaine recherche Observations de l’élève

Domaine informatique Je suis extrèmement intéressé par la Pologne.En ce qui concerne le domaine, j'aimerais beaucoup travailler dans l'informatique, et plus précisément dans le domaine de la programmation par contrainte, aide à la décision ou recherche opérationnelle (constraint programming, decision systems, operation research).Evidemment je serai prêt à travailler dans un autre domaine de l'informatique, dans le cas d’une proposition différente.En ce qui concerne l'établissement d'accueil, j'aimerais si cela est possible, avoir un stage dans un laboratoire ou dans le département R&D d'une entreprise. Tristram Gräbener 

Domaine de l’environnement

Je suis vivement intéressé par la possibilité d'un stage en Pologne. J'aimerais effectuer un stage qui ait un lien avec le domaine environnemental, le traitement de l'eau par exemple. N'hésitez pas à me contacter si vous avez besoin de plus d'informations! Merci pour votre aide. Mathieu Gillard 

Domaine de l’environnement

Je suis très intéressée par l'opportunité de faire un stage en Pologne.J'aimerais qu'il concerne l'environnement au sens large, et je suis ouverte à toute proposition dans ce domaine.  Je vous remercie. Laleh Tcharkhti

Eleves de l’Ecole des Mines de Nantes intéressés par un stage en Pologne en 2006

More info... (from Mme Nicole Poedras)

3. They start to exchange mails, sometimes also phones or faxes in order to clarify the details of the training

4. A am arranging the lodgiing for student(s) in the guest house of our school, sometimes some financial support,

5. In the begin of May students are coming to Poland for the training.

6. At the end of training the supervisor is sending an information with the evaluation of the student activity during the training to EMN.

7. EMN is sending an acknowledgement to the supervisor.

It was done already with 31 students of EMN

Foto - report Group of Polish students (with tutors) in Nantes

Foto - report Group of French students in Warsaw

French and Polish students in the „Central Laboratory for Radioprotection” in Warsaw

Foto - report Working together – PCI

Reception for French students by Dean of the Faculty of Physics in Warsaw

Visit of Profs: J. Martino and B. Erazmus from SUBATECH at WUT, January 2003

Additional results of cooperation

Work of EMN students in French Enterprises or Agencies in Poland.

Many private visits in Poland of EMN students, after passing 3-month training in Polish Enterprises.

...and also

New French-Polish family of EMN student Elric Peyre, married with Polish girl - “found” by him

in Warsaw during the 3-month training in 1997.

La promenade dans Varsovie

Varsovie – la Vieille Ville

Varsovie – la Gare Centrale

La France – en Pologne Hypermarchés français àVarsovie

Warsaw – „Old town”

Warsaw- Central Railway Station

Varsovie – le monument de A. Mickiewicz

Varsovie – le centre ville 1

Aleje Jerozolimskie

Varsovie – la rue Świętokrzyska

Varsovie – le Parc de Łazienki, monument de F. Chopin

Je vous invite à Varsovie.Jan Pluta