l34 chronic pancreatitis st
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Chronic Pancreatitis
Lecture 34
• The chief distinction between acute and chronic pancreatitis is the
irreversible impairment in pancreatic function that is characteristic of chronic pancreatitis.
Causes90% 0r 2/3
Causes of chronic pancreatitis
Gallstones, HyperparathyroidismCongenital malformation
PancreasDivisum
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis1 2
3
Not well understood
Almost all individuals with repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis later develop chronic pancreatitis.
Events in Pathogenesis
PathogenesisMediators In Chronic Pancreatitis
monocyte chemoattractant protein.
Profibrogenic Cytokines
Stellate cells
Morphology
Atrophy
Fibrosis
Dilation
Chr. Infiltrate
Morphology
Morphology
Lymphoplasmacytic Sclerosing Pancreatitis (Autoimmune Pancreatitis)
Chronic pancreatitis. A, Extensive fibrosis and atrophy has left only residual islets (left) and ducts (right), with a sprinkling of chronic inflammatory cells and acinar tissue. B, A higher power view demonstrating dilated ducts with inspissated
eosinophilic ductal concretions in a person with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.
Clinical features
abdominal pain:– may be continuous, intermittent or absent– Pattern is often atypical
• RUQ or LUQ of the back• Diffuse throughout upper abdomen• May be referred to the anterior chest or flank
– Typical form:• Persistent , deep-seated,• Unresponsive to antacids• Worsened by alcohol intake or a heavy meal (especially fatty foods)• Often need narcotics
• Pancreatic insufficiency– Weight loss– Fat malabsorption: • Steatorrhea: 15% of patients present with steatorrhea
and no pain– Pancreatic diabetes:• Like DM1 needs insulin , but risk of hypoglycemia is
more than it (because alfa cells is also affected– Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency rare
Diagnosis
Complications
• pseudocyst formation• bile duct or duodenal obstruction• pancreatic ascites or pleural effusion• splenic vein thrombosis• Pseudoaneurysms• pancreatic cancer • acute attacks of pancreatitis( particularly alcoholics
who continue drinking)
Treatment
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