l & m overview rs mehta [compatibility mode]

Nursing Leadership

&

Management

Dr. Ram Sharan Mehta

Medical-Surgical Nursing Department

1R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

2R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

� Coordinate the individual efforts to

common goal: e.g.: Dharhara,

Singhdarbar, Tajmahal, Great wall of

china etc.

Concepts:

china

� Approach of management:

productivity, process, decision

making, human relation, and

system approach. R S MEHTA, MSND 3

Leadership

What is leadership?

Leading people

Influencing people

Commanding people

Guiding people

Types of Leaders

� Leader by the position achieved

� Leader by personality, charisma

� Leader by moral example

� Leader by power held

� Intellectual leader

� Leader because of ability to accomplish

things

Nursing Management

� This is defined as the coordination

and integration of nursing resources by

applying the management process applying the management process

to accomplish nursing care and

service goals and objectives

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�FOUNDATIONS &

RESOURCES OF

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

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1.MEN

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2.MONEY

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3. MATERIALS

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4.MACHINES

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5. Time Management

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� What is the Difference

between a MANAGEMENT

AND LEADERSHIP?

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LEADERSHIP

�To Guide, to go before and

show the way

�Leadership is the art of

developing people

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MANAGEMENT

� Is a process by which cooperative

group directs actions towards

common goals.

� It involves techniques by which

distinguished group of people

coordinates the services of people

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Managers vs. Leaders

Managers

� Focus on things

� Do things right

Leaders

� Focus on people

� Do the right things

� Plan

� Organize

� Direct

� Control

� Follows the rules

� Inspire

� Influence

� Motivate

� Build

� Shape entities

Common Activities

� Planning

� Organizing

� Directing � Directing

� Controlling

Planning

Manager

� Planning

� Budgeting

Leader

� Devises strategy

� Sets direction

� Creates visionBudgeting

� Sets targets

� Establishes

detailed steps

� Allocates resources

� Creates vision

Organizing

Manager

� Creates structure

� Job descriptions

Leader

� Gets people on board

for strategyJob descriptions

� Staffing

� Hierarchy

� Delegates

� Training

for strategy

� Communication

� Networks

Directing Work

Manager

� Solves problems

� Negotiates

Leader

� Empowers

people� Negotiates

� Brings to

consensus

� Cheerleader

Controlling

Manager

� Implements control

systems

Leader

� Motivate

� Inspire� Performance

measures

� Identifies variances

� Fixes variances

� Inspire

� Gives sense of

accomplishment

Why do we have to study MANAGEMENT AND

LEADERSHIP?

� nurses must realize that

they have to keep up with

the many changes in the the many changes in the

health care system and its

delivery of services to the

people

� Nurses believe that leaders

are made and not born!!!!24R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

ROLE OF MANAGERS

�The basic roles performed by

managers as

1. INTERPERSONAL,1. INTERPERSONAL,

2. INFORMATIONAL,

3. DECISIONAL

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1.INTERPERSONAL ROLE

� As a leader who:

�Hires

�Trains�Trains

�Encourages

�Fires

�Remunerates

� Judges

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�As a LIASON officer between

outside contracts such as the

community, suppliers and the

organizationorganization

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2.INFORMATIONAL ROLE�One who monitors information

�Disseminates information from both

external and internal sources

�As a spokesperson or representative �As a spokesperson or representative

of the organization.

�She represents the subordinates to

superiors and the upper management

to the subordinates

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3.DECISIONAL ROLE

�Problem discoverer, a designer to

improve projects that direct and

control change in the organization

�As a Negotiator when conflicts arise

1. PROBLEM SOLVER

2. TROUBLE SHOOTER

3. NEGOTIATOR

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DEVELOPING FUTURE MANAGERS

� Managerial development programs are very

useful means of getting qualified managers.

� The necessary fundamental skills of a

manager are:manager are:

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a. TECHNICAL SKILLS

� Relate to the proficiency in performing an

activity in the correct manner with the right

technique

b. HUMAN RELATIONSHIP SKILLS

� Pertains to dealing with people and how to “Get

Along with them”Along with them”

c. CONCEPTUAL SKILLS

� Deal with the ability to see individual matters as

they relate to the total picture and to develop

creative ways of identifying pertinent factors,

responding to the big problems, and discarding

irrelevant facts31R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

Approach in developing managers

emphasizes:

1.ATTITUDE FACTORS

2. KNOWLEDGE FACTORS

3. ABILITY FACTORS

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a. ATTITUDE FACTORS

� Interest in one’s work

� Confidence in one’s mental competence

� Desire to accept one’s responsibility

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b. KNOWLEDGE FACTORS

> Refers to ideas, concepts or principles

that can be expressed and are accepted

because they have logical proofs

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c. ABILITY FACTORS

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� Include skills, art, judgment and

wisdom

�Nursing Service Administrators are

required to be academically prepared

�Prior to promotion or holding of

managerial positions, nurses who have managerial positions, nurses who have

the potential to become administrators

are asked to participate in managerial

staff development programs

(e.g. Singapore CGH, 2 weeks training)

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LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

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1. TOP MANAGEMENT

� Overall operations of nursing

services, establishes goals,

objectives, policies and objectives, policies and

strategies

� Chief nurse, Director, Matron

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2. MIDDLE MANAGEMENT

� Coordinator of nursing activities of

several units

� Supervisor, Coordinator

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3. FIRST LEVEL MANAGEMENT

� Responsible for production of

nursing services; act as links

between higher level managers between higher level managers

and non-managers

� Ward Incharge, Head nurse,

Team leader

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LEADERSHIP ROLES

� TOP --------------------------------ADMINISTRATOR

� MIDDLE---------------------------SUPERVISORS

� FIRST LINE-----------------------HEADNURSES/SENIOR

NURSESNURSES

� OPERATIONAL LEVEL----------STAFF NURSES/ ANMs

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Three basic competences

Level ofmanagement

Imanagement

Technical skills Interpersonal skills Conceptual skills

II

III

TYPE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES

1. Bureaucratic� Commonly called line structures or staff

organizations seen in large healthcare facilities

Advantage:

Clearly defines authority and responsibility� Clearly defines authority and responsibility

Disadvantages:

� Transfer workers

� Produces monotony

� Restricts upward communication

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2. Ad hoc� Used on a temporary basis to complete a

particular project (e.g. Kala-azar Project)

� Usually disbanded after a project is completed

Advantage:

Serves as a way for professionals to handle � Serves as a way for professionals to handle

the situations

Disadvantages:

1. Decreases strength in the formal chain of command

2. Decreases employees' loyalty to the parent

organization44R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

3. Matrix� Focuses on both product and function, with

emphasis on the required task and the end-

result of the function (e.g. Car Factory)

Advantages:

1.Centralizes expertise1.Centralizes expertise

2. Less formal rules

3. Fewer levels of hierarchy

Disadvantage:

� Slow decision-making can produce confusion

and frustration45R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

Role of Leader:� Risk taker

� Influencer

� Change agent

� Good communicator

� Mentor

� Critical thinker

� Good listener

� Forecaster

� Energizer

� Visionary

� Problem solver and

� Role model. 46R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS

�Nothing is more dangerous

than an idea when it’s the

only one you have.

– Emile

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Manage Oneself

� Be self-aware

� Define your

leadership style

� Types of help

� Technical

� Political

Personal� Get advice and

counsel

� Advice is from

expert to leader

� Counsel is insight

� Personal

� Advisor traits

� Competent

� Trustworthy

� Enhance your status

How Far Can You Go?

Thank YouThank You

50R S Mehta, MSND, CON, BPKIHS