kyphosis lordosis and scoliosis. kyphosis what is kyphosis? also known as a hunchback is a condition...

KYPHOSIS LORDOSIS AND SCOLIOSIS

KYPHOSIS

WHAT IS KYPHOSIS?

• also known as a hunchback

•  is a condition in which the spine in the upper back has an excessive curvature

• it occurs in the thoracicand sacral regions

Normal Kyphosis

The spine naturally curves in the neck, upper back, and lower back to help absorb shock and support the weight of the head. Kyphosis occurs when this natural arch is larger than normal.

• Aging (especially if you have poor posture)

• muscle weakness in the upper back

Scheuermann’s disease• injury to the spine

• slipped discs

LESS COMMON CAUSES:

• infection in the spine• tumors• polio• Paget’s disease• muscular dystrophy

PHYSICAL THERAPY

STRENGTHEN THE BACK MUSCLES

BRACES

COMPLICATIONS OF KYPHOSIS 

Physical complications• persistent pain that cannot be controlled with medication• breathing difficulties that are caused by the spine

compressing the lungs and airways

Body imageBack painloss of normal bladder controlproblems with sense of balanceDecreased appetite

LORDOSIS

WHAT IS LORDOSIS?

•Lordosis, also known as swayback, is a condition in which the spine in the lower back has an excessive curvature

SWAYBACK

COMMON CAUSES OF LORDOSIS

•Often, lordosis appears in childhood without any known cause. This is called benign juvenile lordosis. However, lordosis can affect people of any age.

•poor posture

•obesity

•osteoporosis (weakening of the bones with age)

•discitis (a disorder of the disks between the spinal vertebrae)

•kyphosis (an excessive outward curvature at the mid-back)

•spondylolisthesis (a condition in which one vertebra slips forward or backward relative to the next vertabra)

•achondroplasia (a form of dwarfism)

TREATING LORDOSIS

•Treatment for lordosis will depend on the severity of the curvature and the presence of other symptoms.•Treatment options include:

•medication to reduce pain and swelling•physical therapy (to help build strength in the core muscles)•yoga (to increase body awareness, strength, flexibility, and range of motion)•weight loss•braces (in children and teens)•surgery (in severe cases)

SCOLIOSIS

DEFINTION• Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. In

scoliosis, the spine curves to the side when viewed from the front, and each vertebra also twists on the next one in a corkscrew fashion.

• Scoliosis affects girls twice as often as it affects boys

SCOLIOSIS CAUSES

• In most cases, the cause of scoliosis is unknown (what doctors call idiopathic). The other of cases fall into two groups:

• Nonstructural (functional): This type of scoliosis is a temporary condition when the spine is otherwise normal. The curvatureoccurs as the result of another problem. Examples include one leg being shorter than another, from muscle spasms due toinjury, or from abdominal problems such asappendicitis.

• Structural: In this type of scoliosis, the spine is not normal. The curvature is caused by another disease process such as a birth defect, muscular dystrophy, metabolic diseases, and connective tissue disorders such as Marfan's syndrome.

SCOLIOSIS SYMPTOMS

• These symptoms are only those associated with the spine being curved:• Your head may be off center.• One hip or shoulder may be higher than the other.• The opposite sides of the body may not appear

level.• You may experience back pain or tire easily

during activities that require excessive trunk (chest and belly) movement.

SCOLIOSIS TREATMENT

• If the curve is less than 25°, no treatment.• If the curve is more then 25° but less than 40°, a

back brace may be used for treatment.• Curves more than 45° will need to be evaluated

for the possibility of surgical correction.

• Lordosis• lower back

• Kyphosis:• upper back

• Scoliosis:• side

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