kubernetes 101 - froscon · our motivation to do this talk provide an overview of container...

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

Kubernetes 101

Oleg Fiksel |Michael Siebertz

Email: oleg@fiksel.info | mail@michaelsiebertz.deMatrix: @oleg:fiksel.info | @captain.vsan:matrix.org

2019-08-10 FrOSCon 2019

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

OLEG FIKSEL (DOCKER FUNDAMENTALS)

I DevOps Engineer

I Passionate about tech

I Like to automate everything

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

OLEG FIKSEL (DOCKER FUNDAMENTALS)

I DevOps Engineer

I Passionate about tech

I Like to automate everything

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

MICHAEL SIEBERTZ

(KUBERNETES FUNDAMENTALS + LIVE DEMO)

I DevOps Engineer

I Passionate about tech (IT / Car)

I Trying to automate as much as possible

I Part of Central DevOps Team

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

MICHAEL SIEBERTZ

(KUBERNETES FUNDAMENTALS + LIVE DEMO)

I DevOps Engineer

I Passionate about tech (IT / Car)

I Trying to automate as much as possible

I Part of Central DevOps Team

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

MOTIVATION

Our motivation to do this talk

Provide an overview of container architechtureon the example of Docker and Kubernetes.

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

MOTIVATION

Our motivation to do this talkProvide an overview of container architechture

on the example of Docker and Kubernetes.

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

AGENDA

I Docker Fundamentals

I Kubernetes Fundamentals

I Roadmap from KubeCon 2019

I Live Demo

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

AGENDA

I Docker Fundamentals

I Kubernetes Fundamentals

I Roadmap from KubeCon 2019

I Live Demo

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

AGENDA

I Docker Fundamentals

I Kubernetes Fundamentals

I Roadmap from KubeCon 2019

I Live Demo

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

AGENDA

I Docker Fundamentals

I Kubernetes Fundamentals

I Roadmap from KubeCon 2019

I Live Demo

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

AGENDA

I Docker Fundamentals

I Kubernetes Fundamentals

I Roadmap from KubeCon 2019

I Live Demo

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

Docker fundamentals

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

A BIT OF HISTORY

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

A BIT OF HISTORY 1/2

1979 · · · · · ·• chroot

2000 · · · · · ·• FreeBSD Jails

2001 · · · · · ·• Linux VServer

2004 · · · · · ·• Solaris Containers

2005 · · · · · ·• OpenVZ

2006 · · · · · ·• Process Containers (Google)

2008 · · · · · ·• LXC. . . · · · · · ·•

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

A BIT OF HISTORY 2/2

. . . · · · · · ·•2011 · · · · · ·• Warden (CloudFoundry)

2013 · · · · · ·• Let Me Contain That For You (LMCTFY)(Google)

2013 · · · · · ·• Docker

2014 · · · · · ·• Kubernetes

. . . · · · · · ·• Big fight between container orchesrationframeworks

2018 · · · · · ·• Kubernetes is de facto standard fororchestrating containers

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I Storage

I VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I Emulation

I VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I Storage

I VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I Emulation

I VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary Image

I Container: Layered plain FS

I Emulation

I VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I Emulation

I VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I Emulation

I VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.

I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I Networking

I VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I NetworkingI VM: NIC emulation

I Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I NetworkingI VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I NetworkingI VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I Runtime

I VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I NetworkingI VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I RuntimeI VM: stateful

I Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

VMS AND CONTAINERS

I StorageI VM: Binary ImageI Container: Layered plain FS

I EmulationI VM: BIOS, Hardware, etc.I Container: No emulation, just separation

I NetworkingI VM: NIC emulationI Container: Uses network stack of the host

I RuntimeI VM: statefulI Container: stateless

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

CONTAINER LIFECYCLE - OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

CONTAINER LIFECYCLE - OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

CONTAINER LIFECYCLE - IMAGE VERSIONS

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

CONTAINER LIFECYCLE - IMAGE VERSIONS

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

CONTAINER LIFECYCLE - IMAGE VERSIONS

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM - IMAGE DEPENDENCIES

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM - IMAGE DEPENDENCIES

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM - IMAGE DEPENDENCIES

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM - IMAGE DEPENDENCIES

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM - BACKENDS

I aufs (legacy)

I overlayfs (legacy)

I devicemapper

I overlayfs2

I btrfs

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

LAYERED FILE SYSTEM - BACKENDS

I aufs (legacy)

I overlayfs (legacy)

I devicemapper

I overlayfs2

I btrfs

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

PERSISTENT STORAGE (VOLUMES)

I Containers start without state

I State is provided via mounts

I Binds (local FS)I Docker volumesI Docker Storage plugins

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

PERSISTENT STORAGE (VOLUMES)

I Containers start without state

I State is provided via mounts

I Binds (local FS)I Docker volumesI Docker Storage plugins

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

PERSISTENT STORAGE (VOLUMES)

I Containers start without state

I State is provided via mounts

I Binds (local FS)I Docker volumesI Docker Storage plugins

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

PERSISTENT STORAGE (VOLUMES)

I Containers start without state

I State is provided via mountsI Binds (local FS)

I Docker volumesI Docker Storage plugins

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

PERSISTENT STORAGE (VOLUMES)

I Containers start without state

I State is provided via mountsI Binds (local FS)I Docker volumes

I Docker Storage plugins

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

PERSISTENT STORAGE (VOLUMES)

I Containers start without state

I State is provided via mountsI Binds (local FS)I Docker volumesI Docker Storage plugins

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroups

I Linux kernel featureI Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespaces

I Linux kernel featureI process isolation

Each container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroups

I Linux kernel featureI Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespaces

I Linux kernel featureI process isolation

Each container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroupsI Linux kernel feature

I Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespaces

I Linux kernel featureI process isolation

Each container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroupsI Linux kernel featureI Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespaces

I Linux kernel featureI process isolation

Each container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroupsI Linux kernel featureI Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespaces

I Linux kernel featureI process isolation

Each container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroupsI Linux kernel featureI Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespacesI Linux kernel feature

I process isolationEach container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SEPARATION AND RESOURCE LIMITING

I cgroupsI Linux kernel featureI Limiting: CPU, memory, disk I/O, network

I namespacesI Linux kernel featureI process isolation

Each container "thinks" it’s the only one in the system(ps uax)

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SUMMARY

I Containers are pretty slick and useful for packagingapplications

I Docker is the standard de facto (for now) for runningcontainers

I Docker alone is not enough to run containers big time

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SUMMARY

I Containers are pretty slick and useful for packagingapplications

I Docker is the standard de facto (for now) for runningcontainers

I Docker alone is not enough to run containers big time

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SUMMARY

I Containers are pretty slick and useful for packagingapplications

I Docker is the standard de facto (for now) for runningcontainers

I Docker alone is not enough to run containers big time

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

SUMMARY

I Containers are pretty slick and useful for packagingapplications

I Docker is the standard de facto (for now) for runningcontainers

I Docker alone is not enough to run containers big time

INTRODUCTION Docker Fundamentals

NEXT UP

Kubernetes Fundamentals