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PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only
Exploring the habitable water worlds of Jupiter —
Callisto, Ganymede,and Europa
Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter
Mission Characteristics Overview to the Forum on Concepts and Approaches for
Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter
John CasaniJune 12 - 13, 2003
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 2
Agenda
• Project Overview– Project Objectives– Project Organizational Approach and Organization– Schedules
• Mission Overview – Mission Objectives– Mission Design – Mission Timeline– Flight System Overview – Mission Characteristics– Mission Comparisons – JIMO to historical missions– Potential Enhancements – Jovian Atmospheric Probes, Europa Landers, Io followon
mission
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 3
Project Objectives
• The Project will develop the mission to meet the following overarching objectives:• Technology
– Develop a nuclear reactor powered spacecraft and show that it can be processed safely, launched safely, and operated safely and reliably in deep space for long-duration deep space exploration
Subsidiary to this major objective is the development of nuclear fission technology and associated system technologies preparatory to demonstrating their effectiveness in deep space exploration
• Science– Explore the three icy moons of Jupiter – Callisto, Ganymede, and Europa and
return science data that will meet the highest scientific goals as set forth in the Decadal Survey Report of the National Academy of Sciences.
The high power and high data rate afforded by nuclear power will enable science data return that is unprecedented in quality and quantity.
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 4
Project Prometheus Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter Organization
Program ControlLine Control
Oversight
Space Science Enterprise Ed Weiler, AA
Chris Scolese, Deputy AA
Headquarters
JPLCenter Director
Charles Elachi
Implementing Organizations
Project PrometheusProgram Office
Program Director, Al Newhouse Dep. Program Dir for Nuclear, DOE (TBD)
Program Executive, Ray Taylor
Solar SystemExploration Division
Div. Director, Colleen HartmanProgram Scientist, Curt Niebur
Project OfficeJohn Casani, Project Manager
Ass’t Project Mgr for Nuclear (DOE TBD)
Proj Science OfficeTorrence Johnson, Proj Scientist
SCDT
SDT
ExecutiveOversight
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 5
Acquisition Strategy
• JIMO requires the best capabilities the Nation has to offer in order to meet the technology and science objectives
– NASA Centers, including JPL – Industry– DOE National Laboratories – Academia– Naval Reactors – Others
• Major elements will be performed by Industry– 3 study contracts (Boeing, Lockheed Martin, NGST) -- subject to “Rules of
Engagement” to preserve a level playing field– Spacecraft Module and space system integration & test contract (with GFE elements)– Reactor Module contract
• Mission Module will be provided by JPL• Investigations will be competed via the NASA AO process• All acquisition activities support the Independent Life Cycle Cost Analysis
(ILCCA) and the target launch in 2011
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 6
FY03 FY04 FY05S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J
6/26/03
JIMO Phase A Schedule
NASA Milestones3/18
FAD8/15
Phase B Task Plan10/1
Lev 1 Science Reqs
12/15ILCCA
2/15Phase B
Start
Pre-Phase A Phase A- P h a s e A - Phase BNSI Mission
Concept Studies1/22
Concept Review
2/11Draft Phase ARFP Complete
3/21Release Phase A RFP
ProgressReview
Industry Studies 4/7
Award Phase AStudy Contracts
6/16
ProgressReview
8/18
ProgressReview
10/13
StatusReview 1
12/15
Task 1Review
Task 1 - Trade Studies 2/15
ProgressReview
4/15 5/15
StatusReview 2
7/15CR/Proposal
Task 2 - Conceptual Design Studies
Phase B/C/D Procurement 1/15
Issue DraftRFP
2/4 4/15
Phase B/C/DRFP Rel.
7/15
ReceiveProposals
10/15
Phase B/C/DContractor Sel.
ReceiveComments
Phase B Contract11/15
Phase B ContractExecuted
2/15
PrelimDesign Start
9/15/05Project Milestones Project Plan
5/12Phase C/D Contract
Negotiated & Executed Draft ProjectPlan2/7
FY '03 ProgressReport
9/28
Tech. BaselineRev. 212/15
FinalReport1/28Phase A
Acq Package2/18 4/7 5/14
Gate ProductStatus Review
9/1 10/15 2/16Cost Est. #2
6/1 8/1Cost Est. 3
9/26 11/15
Updated CostEstimate
1/15PMSR
2/15
IndustryBriefing
Start InternalPhase A Studies
Tech. BaselineRev. 1 Cost Est. #1 Conceptual Design
ReviewFY '04
ProgressReport
2/1Project Plan
Update
PrelimPlan
Contract ManagementPlan
3/3Start
8/1 9/1
Phase BSEB Plan
12/1
Phase BSurveillance Plan
3/1
Contract MgmtPlan
Science Milestones2/28
SDT Formed6/14 9/9
SDT Mtg9/8 - 9/9 11/12
SDT Mtg11/12 - 11/13 4/1
Update #2 PayloadAccom. EnvelopeScience Workshop/
SDT MtgDraft
Science Objectives11/14
NASA Briefing/Final Science Objectives
9/1Draft Payload
Accom. Envelope
11/11Update #1 PayloadAccom. Envelope
R-28 - Revised:
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 7
Trajectory Overview
Earth Spiral Out with Lunar Gravity Assist
Europa Science OrbitJupiter Arrival and Spiral in
Interplanetary Transit
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 8
Mission Overview
Launch and Spacecraft Initialization (2011)
2 years
Earth Escape/Interplanetary Trajectory
6 years
Jupiter Arrival/Spiral in
1 year
Callisto Encounter (8 months)
Ganymede Encounter (8 months)
Europa Encounter (2.5 months)
EOM (~12 years)
Science Obs ~40 Months
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 9
Preliminary Government Study Configuration20 ion thrusters in 2 pods of 10 mounted on booms. PPUs mounted inside Spacecraft Bus
20 m deployable boom
3 m X/Ka band dish (1 kW RF power) boom mounted
2 redundant 100 kWeBrayton converters
2 PMADs located in Spacecraft Bus
10 x 5 deg Oval shield
550 kWt LM reactor
Single Xenon tank placed to provide gamma shielding to avionics/Instruments
177 m2 radiator for reactor and converter waste heat rejection
RCS thrusters: 2 groups of 8 at each end of vehicle with separate tank for
each system
PMAD Parasitic Load Radiators
2 kW Solar Array for startup Science Platforms
and Assemblies
Electric PropulsionScience Payload
Reactor & Power Conversion
Gas ducts not attached
Power Management & Distribution
Guidance, Navigation & Control
Command & Data HandlingRadiation Shielding
Xenon Propellant Tank
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 10
Trade Options
• Thermoelectric• Stirling• Brayton
Power Conversion
Heat Rejection
Electric Thrusters
Reactor Cooling
• 2-Phase Loops• Heat Pipes• Pumped loops
• Ion• Hall•ISP/ Thrust
• Heat pipe •Liquid metal• Gas
•Trajectory options•Cost/Performance options•Radiation shield options•Optical Comm. Experiment
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 11
Science Accommodation Capabilities
• Mass:600 kg science package including scan platform, instrument support functions
(coolers, etc), potential auxiliary science packages, etc• Power:
>10 kW continuous power supplied to payload• Data Rates:
Planned 10 Mbps at Jupiter• Data Volume:
>50,000 Gbits over the mission lifetime• Observations:
Continuous in orbit (simultaneous data taking and comm)• Fields of View: (Preliminary)
2 pi stearadian for bus mounted instruments360 degree FOV for turntable instrumentsFor scan platform ability to scan, track, target motion compensation
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 12
Notional Science Accommodation(From JIMT Study)
Magnetometer on 10m boom
Deployable radar yagiantenna
Ion thruster pods (2)
Imaging instruments on scan platform, Nadir looking during science, able to look 90° off for science during spiral in
Particles and fields instruments on turntable platform
X/Ka 3m HGA
Laser Altimeter
Instrument Accommodation:
•Payload Data System with redundant computers and I/O
•Common 1394 high speed data interface
•NAC, MAC, WAC, IR Spectrometer and Thermal Imager on scan platform
•Laser altimeter, Radar antenna body mounted
•Radar yagi folds back during spiral in for clear imaging FOV
•Ion Counter, Particle Detector, Mass Spectrometer, Dust Detector, and Plasma Spectrometer on Turntable allowing 360° scans
•Magnetometer on boom
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 13
JIMO Environments - Radiation
Spherical ShellThickness
Jovian Reactor Earth Spiral Total
10 mil Al 25000 25 12000 37000 krads
30 mil Al 12000 25 1700 14000 krads
50 mil Al 7400 25 720 8100 krads
100 mil Al 4100 25 140 4300 krads
300 mil Al 1200 25 14 1200 krads
500 mil Al 580 25 8 610 krads
1000 mil Al 200 25 5 230 krads
3000 mil Al 38 25 3 66 krads
JIMT SLO TID SummaryDose in Kilorads (Si)
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 14
JIMO Environments - Radiation
Spherical ShellThickness
Jovian Reactor Earth Spiral Total
10 mil Al 6.0E13 1.0E11 5.3E11 6.1E13
30 mil Al 1.7E13 1.0E11 3.3E11 1.7E13
50 mil Al 1.0E13 1.0E11 2.1E11 1.0E13
100 mil Al 5.7E12 1.0E11 1.5E11 6.0E12
300 mil Al 1.9E12 1.0E11 1.3E11 2.1E12
500 mil Al 9.7E11 1.0E11 8.5E10 1.2E12
1000 mil Al 3.4E11 1.0E11 5.2E10 4.9E11
3000 mil Al 3.2E10 1.0E11 3.0E10 1.6E11
JIMT SLO DDD Summary Equivalent 1 MeV Neutrons/cm2
June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 15
JIMO Expected Environments(EMC and Magnetics)
• The JIMT power distribution system, ion thrusters, and solar arrays will generate large magnetic fields– AC magnetic fields (10 m boom length):
• 100 nT at 1.5kHz (spike at this freq)• 2-10 nT outside this band
– DC magnetic fields (10 m boom length): 10 nT• Assuming Cassini magnetic cleanliness program
• The Ka band communications system and potential ice penetrating radar will produce large radiated E-fields – Ka band radiated E-field: 150 V/m (2m from antenna, ~13 GHz)– Ice penetrating radar radiated E-field: 350 V/m (1 m from antenna 15 to 50
MHz)• UHF
– UHF radiated E-field: 100 V/m (1m from antenna, 400 MHz)
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