john m. bane university of north carolina christopher zappa lamont doherty earth observatory
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Strong Air-Sea Interactions in the North Atlantic During CLIMODE
A proposal submitted to the National Science Foundation
John M. Bane
University of North Carolina
Christopher Zappa Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory
H
L
L
ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE PRESSUREHeight of 1000 mb surface (m)
Average: May-August 2001
COAST
NE
WP
OR
T
WIND JET
LINE 1 3 5 7
LINE 2 4 6 8
HECETA BANK
THERMOCLINE VARIATIONS THROUGHOUT COAST REGION
ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE INVERSION
INTERNAL BOUNDARY LAYER
SURFACE CURRENTS
Radar data courtesy M. Kosro
Strong Air-Sea Interactions in the North Atlantic During CLIMODE
A proposal submitted to the National Science Foundation
John M. Bane
University of North Carolina
Christopher Zappa Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory
C-130 Flight Program
Mid-Feb to Late-Mar
From Bermuda
Several cold air outbreaks
MABL structure
Surface heat, moisture, momentum fluxes
Upper-ocean temperature (AXBTs)
SST fine structure (SST Imager)
FLIGHT AREA CAN BE SHIFTED
• Weather conditio
ns
• Find highest flux region
• Ship overflight
• Buoy overflight
C-130 Flight Program
Mid-Feb to Late-Mar
From Bermuda
Several cold air outbreaks
MABL structure
Surface heat, moisture, momentum fluxes
Upper-ocean temperature (AXBTs)
SST fine structure (SST Imager)
NDBC 44004
**********
20 Cold Air Outbreaks
Air Temp < 10 oC, Wind Speed > 6 m/s, Wind Dir 115-205 oT
NDBC 44004 Jan-Feb-Mar 1994
Atmospheric Pressure
Air Temperature
NDBC 44004 Jan-Feb-Mar 1994
Atmospheric Pressure
Air Temperature
Water Temperature
CAO Sectionsduring GALE (1986)
WIND 8-10 m/s
Temperature Inversion
In-situ atmospheric and oceanic temperatureIn-situ atmospheric and oceanic temperature
Approx. Top of MABL
Vertical profiles of latent and sensible heat fluxesVertical profiles of latent and sensible heat fluxes
Temperature Inversion
Video image, TIR image, and spectra of the TIR image showing coherent ramp structures in the upper ocean. The lack of coherent parallel features in the video imagery suggests that the ocean surface features observed in the TIR imagery are not related to surface gravity waves. Here, the skewness of the temperature variability is 2.8, strongly suggestive of “billows” from shear-induced overturning.
WINDSUFR. CURRENT
Questions
• How do MABL structure and surface flux fields during CAOs in CLIMODE compare with other, previously measured WBCs?
• What are the small-scale features in the SST field and how do they relate to air-sea exchange processes?
• Why is this the region of annual-maximum heat flux? Are the CAOs stronger here or more frequent?
• Is there a local heat balance in the upper ocean?
• How well do aircraft-, buoy- and ship-measured surface fluxes compare with each other and with satellite estimates?
• Can front-parallel wind stresses be related to cold surface advection across the Gulf Stream SST front?
Questions
• How do MABL structure and surface flux fields during CAOs in CLIMODE compare with other, previously measured WBCs?
• What are the small-scale features in the SST field and how do they relate to air-sea exchange processes?
• Why is this the region of annual-maximum heat flux? Are the CAOs stronger here or more frequent?
• Is there a local heat balance in the upper ocean?
• How well do aircraft-, buoy- and ship-measured surface fluxes compare with each other and with satellite estimates?
• Can front-parallel wind stresses be related to cold surface advection across the Gulf Stream SST front?
Questions
• How do MABL structure and surface flux fields during CAOs in CLIMODE compare with other, previously measured WBCs?
• What are the small-scale features in the SST field and how do they relate to air-sea exchange processes?
• Why is this the region of annual-maximum heat flux? Are the CAOs stronger here or more frequent?
• Is there a local heat balance in the upper ocean?
• How well do aircraft-, buoy- and ship-measured surface fluxes compare with each other and with satellite estimates?
• Can front-parallel wind stresses be related to cold surface advection across the Gulf Stream SST front?
Questions
• How do MABL structure and surface flux fields during CAOs in CLIMODE compare with other, previously measured WBCs?
• What are the small-scale features in the SST field and how do they relate to air-sea exchange processes?
• Why is this the region of annual-maximum heat flux? Are the CAOs stronger here or more frequent?
• Is there a local heat balance in the upper ocean?
• How well do aircraft-, buoy- and ship-measured surface fluxes compare with each other and with satellite estimates?
• Can front-parallel wind stresses be related to cold surface advection across the Gulf Stream SST front?
Questions
• How do MABL structure and surface flux fields during CAOs in CLIMODE compare with other, previously measured WBCs?
• What are the small-scale features in the SST field and how do they relate to air-sea exchange processes?
• Why is this the region of annual-maximum heat flux? Are the CAOs stronger here or more frequent?
• Is there a local heat balance in the upper ocean?
• How well do aircraft-, buoy- and ship-measured surface fluxes compare with each other and with satellite estimates?
• Can front-parallel wind stresses be related to cold surface advection across the Gulf Stream SST front?
Questions
• How do MABL structure and surface flux fields during CAOs in CLIMODE compare with other, previously measured WBCs?
• What are the small-scale features in the SST field and how do they relate to air-sea exchange processes?
• Why is this the region of annual-maximum heat flux? Are the CAOs stronger here or more frequent?
• Is there a local heat balance in the upper ocean?
• How well do aircraft-, buoy- and ship-measured surface fluxes compare with each other and with satellite estimates?
• Can front-parallel wind stresses be related to cold surface advection across the Gulf Stream SST front?
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