jake rice marine spatial planning what's the big deal?
Post on 13-Jun-2015
890 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Marine Spatial PlanningWhat’s the Big Deal?
Jake RiceFisheries and Oceans
Canada
Conflicts over the use of space in the oceans and
coasts are not new
Nor are expectations that governments will do
something to resolve them
King Edward III – charge to a Royal Commission in 1376
The great and long iron of the wondyrchoun runs so heavily and hardly over the ground when fishing that it destroys the flowers of the land below the water, and also the spat of oysters, mussels and other fish upon which the great fish are accustomed to be fed and nourished. By which instrument in many places the fishermen take such quantity of small fish that they know not what to do with them; and they feed and fat their pigs with them, to the great damage of the Commons of the Realm and the destruction of the fisheries
Back in history Leaders had the power to unilaterally make
decisions about how ocean space and uses were
allocated
Nowadays, with Royal (or Presidential) Commissions more
costly and leaders a little less empowered
(Did Moses file an EIA and get permits?)
We have more inclusive governance and science
based approaches
Although the challenges and outcomes of marine spatial
planning are not new, the disciplineis, and is growing quickly
• First mention in scientific literature 1986• By 2006-2010 – 596 journal articles with
the phrase as keyword or in abstract(source – web of Science search engine)• In the technical literature MUCH more
So what is this popular thing called “MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING”
• Countless definitions (I won’t choose)• It is a PROCESS for planning
– Engagement of levels of government, experts, industries, ENGOs, civil society, Bands, ….
• It is a PRODUCT of the process– How multiple human uses (and values) will
coexist “harmoniously” with each other and with healthy marine and coastal ecosystem.
Conflicts resolved? Healthy OceanIs this too good to be true?
How do we get there?
Second [star] on the right and straight on
‘til morning?
The PROCESS and the PRODUCT must have three properties
• Credibility: ALL parties, but particularly experts and government, must believe best information was used in sound ways
• Legitimacy: ALL parties, but particularly those whose lives are affected by the products, must believe they were treated fairly during the process
• Relevance: ALL parties, but particularly decision-makers, have to believe that core issues and conflicts have to be identified and addressed (not hidden)
Many things have been tried to ensure CREDIBILITY
• Of the Process – Engagement of independent experts– Investment in data collation and analyses– Use of tested tools for formal evaluation of
scenarios, trade-off analysis etc.• Of the Product
– Peer review of interim and final products– Open access to background information and
data
Many things have been tried to ensure LEGITIMACY
• Of the Process– Inclusive of stakeholders in meaningful roles– Stakeholders defined to include industries, ENGOs,
communities, – Options to contribute at many steps, not just comment
• Of the Products– Accessible formats & access to background– Avoid technical AND bureaucratic jargon– Candid about trade-offs, desappointments &
compromises (real “win-win” outcomes rare)
Many things have been tried to ensure RELEVANCE
• Of the Process– Start with laws and regulatory frameworks– Start with clear mandate (and constraints)– Adaptive processes and responses
• Of the Products– Stay focused on mandate and charge– Ensure objectives are operational as well as
“high level” (platitudes)– Provision for periodic review and reevalution
MANY options for each –Are there best practices?
Review by Ecosystem Science & Management Working Group of NOAA Science Advisory Board (J. Collie, lead)
• Over 3 dozen candidate MSP initiatives• Found 17 with adequate documentation
for completing extensive templates matched to guidance in 4 key overviews
• Template results condensed to 42 yes/no questions in 7 categories:
Categories and examplesOBJECTIVES: Does the plan have operational
objectives?SCOPE:Does the plan include all sectors and usesAUTHORITY: Does the plan have a high-level
government mandate ?DATA: Were there clear criteria for data inclusion?PARTICIPANTS: Was there a formal process for
identifying stakeholders ?DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS: Were trade-offs
analyzed quantitatively ?MONTORING/FOLLOW-UP: Definition of success
Examples from many scales and jurisdictions
Barents Sea, NorwayGerman EEZBaltic Sea Action PlanWadden Sea PlanNetherlandsBelgium North SeaShetland IslesCanada ESSIM and
Beaufort Sea
China Marine ZPGreat Barrier Reef St. Kitts and NevisMassachusetts OMPRhode Island OSAMPMaryland - ChesapeakeCalifornia Marine Life
Cons PHawaii ORMP
Question EX BAR GER BAL WS NL BEL SI CAN MA RI MD SKN CA HI CN GBR
A2 Y Y Y Y N Y N N Y N Y N Y N N N Y
BY Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N Y Y N
B4 Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
CY Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y
C3 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
C4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y
D1a Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
D1b Y Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
D2 Y N Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N N Y
E1 Y Y N Y N N N Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y
E2 Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
E3 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y
E6 Y N N Y Y N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N N N
E7 Y N N N N N N Y Y Y Y N Y Y N N Y
F1 Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y
F2 Y N Y N N N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y N N Y
F3 Y N N Y N Y Y N N Y Y N Y Y N Y Y
F4 Y N N Y N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N N N Y
F5 Y N N Y N N Y Y Y Y N N N N N N N
F6 Y N N N Y N N N N N Y N N N N N N
F8 Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N
F9 Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N N N Y N Y N N Y
G1 Y N N N N N N N N N N Y Y Y N N Y
G2 Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N N N Y N Y Y N Y
G3 Y N N Y N Y N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N N
G4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y N Y
G5 Y Y N Y Y N N N N Y Y N N Y Y N N
G6 Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y Y Y N N Y Y N N
Main Messages
• THERE IS NO SINGLE RIGHT WAY TO DO MSP
• BUT, MANY THINGS DO MATTER:– Try to get to specific objectives– Be meaningfully inclusive– Have a clear mandate– Match expectations to time and funding– Design for feedback and adaptive learning
These are not new problems
Vague objectives
Difficult citizen engagement
Unclear Mandates
Difficult conflict resolution
Old Problems DO have solutions
• Our past two days presented MANY applications of Marine Spatial Planning to many problems in many parts of the world
• Spatial scales from 10’s of km2 to 1,000’s• Often costs in millions and years of effort• Focus on renewable offshore energy but
MANY additional uses. • EVERY CASE CONCLUDED THE
OUTCOMES WORTH THE EFFORT
For the rest of today
• You will hear a lot of experience on how various processes sought credibility, legitimacy & relevance
• The experiences won’t be the same:– Scale, jurisdiction, mandate, information
available, time, funding etc ….• Listen, ask questions, seek information
that helps with YOUR situation
A PLACE FOR EVERYTHINGAND
EVERYYTHING IN ITS PLACE
top related