ist 210 database administration todd s. bacastow
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IST 210 Database Administration
Todd S. Bacastow
IST 210 Evolution of the DBA Data Processing Department Information Systems Department
Service Function to provide end users active data management support
Production Function to provide solutions to information needs (application development)
DBA – Database Administration Size and Role varies from company to company DBA’s function is very dynamic
Distributed Databases Internet Databases Object Oriented databases Sophistication and Power of the DBMS packages
IST 210 Common Functions of DBA Database Planning
Standards, procedures, enforcement Requirements Gathering and
Conceptual Design Logical Design Physical Design and Implementation Testing and Debugging Operations and Maintenance Training and Support
IST 210 DBA’s Managerial Role Control and Planning Dimensions of
Database Administration Coordinating, Monitoring, and Allocating
database administration resources People Data
Defining Goals and Formulating Strategic Plans for the Database Administration function
IST 210 DBA’s ResponsibilitiesDBA Activity DBA Service
Planning End-User Support
Organizing Policies, Procedures, Standards
Testing Data Security, Privacy, Integrity
Monitoring Data backup and Recovery
Delivering Data Distribution and Use
IST 210 End-User Support User Requirements Gathering
Understanding of the users’ views and needs Present and Future information needs
Conflict and Problem Resolution Solutions in one department may cause
problems in another Finding Solutions to Information Needs Ensure Quality and Integrity of Applications
and Data Build End-User Confidence Manage the Training and Support of DBMS
users
IST 210
Policies, Procedures, and Standards
Policies: General Statements of Direction or action that communicate and support DBA goals
Procedures: Written Instructions that describe a services of steps to be followed during the performance of a given activity
Standards: More detailed and specific than policies, and describe the minimum requirements of a DBA activity Rules that are used to evaluate the qualityof the
activity
IST 210
Areas of Policies and Procedures
End-User database requirements gathering Database design and modeling Documentation and Naming conventions Design, coding, and testing of applications Database software selection Database security and integrity Database backup and recovery Database maintenance and operation End-user training
IST 210
Data Security, Privacy and Integrity
User Access Management Define each user to the database
Operating System Level Database Level
Assign Passwords Define User Groups Assign Access Privileges
Read Write Delete
Physical Access Control View Definitions
Protect and Control the Scope of the Data that is accessible to a user
DBMS utilities access control Limit the use of query and reporting tools
DBMS usage Monitoring Audit Logs
(More difficult in distributed databases)
IST 210 Data Backup and Recovery Disaster Management
Periodic Data and Application Backups Full Incremental Concurrent
Proper Backup Identification Convenient and safe backup storage Physical protection of hardware and software Personal Access Control to the software of a
database installation Insurance coverage for the data in the database
IST 210 Data Backup and Recovery Recovery and Contingency plans
Tested Evaluated Practiced
Will Not Recover all components of an IS Establish priorities for the nature and
extend of the data recovery process
IST 210 Data Distribution and Use Data is only useful when:
Given to the Right User Right Time Right Format
Programmers Deliver programs to access data Time consuming for DBA
Data Distribution allows end users to access the database
Internet Intranets Queries, Web Front Ends End Users may make improper use of database, data
duplication, etc.
IST 210 DBA’s Technical Role DBMS and utilities, evaluation, selection
and installation Design and implementation of Database Testing and Evaluation Operation of DBMS, Utilities, and
Applications Training and Supporting Users Maintenance of DBMS, Utilities, and
Applicaitons
IST 210
Evaluation, Selection, and Installation Selection of Hardware and Software Must be based on the
Organization’s Needs Search is for a solutions to a
problem, not a need for a software 1st step is to determine companies
NEEDS
IST 210 DBMS Checklist DBMS Model Storage Capacity Application Development Support Security and Integrity Backup and Recovery Concurrency Control Performance DBA tools Interoperability and Data Distribution Portability Hardware Data Dictionary Vendor Training and Support Third Party Tools Cost
IST 210 Design and Implementation Determination and Enforcement of
Standards and Procedures Ensure the Design activities are performed
within the Standards and Procedures Ensure Transactions are:
Correct Efficient Compliant with Integrity and Standards
Physical Design Operational Procedures
IST 210 Testing and Evaluation All Database and End User Applications Maintained Independently of
Development and Implementation Cover:
Technical Aspects Backup, Recovery, Security, Integrity, SQL
Evaluation of Documentation Observance of Standards
Naming, Documentation, Coding Data Duplication Conflicts with existing data Enforcement of Data Validation rules
IST 210
Operation of DBMS, Utilities, and Applications
System Support Day-to-day activity of the DBMS
Performance monitoring and tuning Performance Goals Evaluate if performance objectives are being met Isolate Problems and Find solutions Implement solutions
Backup and Recovery Security auditing and monitoring
Appropriate access rights Proper use of access privileges by programmers and
end users
IST 210
Training and Supporting Users Technical Training in the use of
DBMS and Utilities for Applications Programmers
Unscheduled on-demand technical support
Interaction with DBMS vendors
IST 210 Maintenance of DBMS Dedicated to the Preservation of the DBMS
environment Management of the Physical or Secondary
Storage devices Reorganizing the physical location of the data
Upgrading the DBMS and Utility Software Exchange of data is dissimilar formats or
between database
IST 210
Database Administration Tools Data Dictionary
Store the Description of all objects that interact with the database
Integrated Include data outside of DBMS Standalone limited to data of DBMS
Case Tools Computer Aided Software Engineering Automated Framework for the SDLC
Front-End Tools Planning, Analysis, Design
Back-End Tools Coding and Implementation
IST 210 Data Dictionary Data Elements from all tables of all
databases Names, Types, Format, Validation rules, When
an Element is Used and by whom Tables defined in the database Indexes defined for each table Defined databases, and properties End Users and Administrators Programs that access the database Access Authorizations for all users Relationships among data elements
IST 210 Case Tools Reduction in development time and costs Standardization of Systems Development
Methodologies Easier Maintenance of Application Systems
Developed with CASE Tools Components:
Graphics Screen Painters and Report Generators Repository for Storing and Cross-Referencing the
System Design Data (Data Dictionary) Analysis Segment for Automated Check on System
Consistency, Syntax, Completeness Program Documentation Generator
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