issues in aging curriculum prepared for specialty coursework 1/09
Post on 28-Dec-2015
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Course ObjectivesUpon completion of this course the student
will be able to::
List and define physical, psychological and physiological changes with aging and the impact on the individual and their care giver
Identify and evaluate their own personal feelings about the aging process through their participation in experiential activities
Identify similarities and differences between cultures and be able to identify the need to provide individualized quality care based upon those findings
Course Objectives Continued: Identify the role sexuality plays in the life of an
older individual
Research and explore various methods to ensure physical and emotional safety for older individuals (prevention of falls and injuries/depression /isolation and loss/preparing and coping with death of others and themselves)
List and define the terminology associated with aging and medical issues common to aging
Course Objectives Continued: Demonstrate how to conduct a life review
program through role play and articulate how to assist an individual in leaving a legacy
Discuss ways to treat older individuals with care and respect. Discuss the concept of culture change and name 6 ways to incorporate culture change in a long - term care setting
What is Aging?
Define Aging Define Ageism
Examples? What is Gerontology
Examples of biological, economical, psychological, social and health aspects
Demographics
Facts 35 million people over 65
18.5 million 65 – 74 12.3 million 75 – 84 4.2 million 85 and over
In 1900 – if you were 65 you could expect to live 12 years --- 85 years old only 4 years
In 2000 – if you were 65 – live 19 years,
85 – 7 years
Why do you live longer now? Give some reasons…
What Happens as we age
40’s – 50, 50 – 60, 70 - 80 What happens
Health Family Job Social circle
80 – 90, 90 – 100+ What happens
Health Family Social circles etc
Ageism Participation in an experiential activity
about aging. Participants will articulate their feelings about the aging process though participation in one of the following activities:
Into Aging In my shoes: Growing Old Vision/hearing modifications etc
Stereotypes of Aging Positive/Negative Physical Characteristics Positive/Negative Social Characteristics Personality Traits Sexuality Ability to learn/cognition
Physical changes Sensory
Hearing Vision Taste and Smell
Skin , hair, nails Skeletal system
Everyone will have some type of change
Some more drastic than others due to outside elements
The Aging Process (Physical Changes continued)
Hearing Loss (presbycusis) Frequency and intensity Time interval changes
Smell/Taste loss
Physical Changes (Continued)
Skin Dry/wrinkles
Hair Loss/gray
Hormonal changes/Menopause Loss of sexual desire? Loss of ability?
Other
Journal Entry Please write down what your feelings were in
regards to dressing up and / or using the glasses / cotton balls and popcorn in your shoes.
How do you think it is to live these types of impairments?
The Losses we experience through illnesses
Family / friends / Your possessions Your physical characteristics
As we age – the transition of housing Home >> hospital >> assisted living >> senior
housing >> day care >> nursing home
Common Chronic Illnesses Cardiovascular disease Atherosclerosis Hypertension Congestive Heart Failure Cerebrovascular Disease
Atherosclerosis Greek words meaning
Athero – meaning gruel or paste
Sclerosis – Hardness Deposits of fatty
substances that build up in the inner lining of an artery
Risks Diabetes High cholesterol Obesity Smoking High fat diet Family history Stress
Treatment Low fat diet, control
blood pressure. Stop smoking, control blood sugars
Hypertension Individuals with a BP
of over 120 – 139 / 80 – 90 considered to be pre – hypertensive
Risks Heredity, race, age,
obesity, smoking, sleep apnea, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, salt, stress
Treatment Decrease salt intake Healthy weight Increase physical act. Don’t smoke Limit alcohol Manage your stress medication
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Heart failure Condition in which the heart cannot
pump enough blood to the body’s other organs
Causes Narrowed arteries Post heart attack – scar tissue High BP Disease of heart
(cardiomyopathy) Heart defects Infections of heart
Treatment Quit smoking Lose weight if
overweight Avoid or limit alcohol Limit caffeine Low fat, low sodium
diet Exercise & reduce
stress
Cerbrovascular Disease / Stroke A thrombosis or
embolism which completely blocks the blood supply to a part of the brain or a ruptured vessel that causes bleeding within the brain
TIA – Transient Ischemic Attack
Can cause dementia Risk factors
Hypertension high cholesterol
Treatment Surgery Drugs Hospital care Rehab
Cancer Lung Colorectal (colon) Stomach Prostate (men) Breast (men and
women) Skin (melanoma)
Treatment Smoking cessation Sun avoidance Primary interventions
Screenings Mamograms Colonoscopy
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Reduced flow and slow forced emptying of the lungs
Do not change over the course of several months
It is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible
Different types of COPD’s Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Pulmonary Fibrosis Asthma
Treatments STOP SMOKING Inhaled Steroids Vaccinations O2
Bronchodilators Pulmonary rehab
Diabetes Type 1
Pancreas does not produce insulin
Insulin dependent Juvenile diabetes
Type II Pancreas produces
some insulin but not enough
Most common type of diabetes
Highest incident found in Hispanic and African Americans
Diabetes and the function of insulin Blood sugar rises
Pancreas detects the rise Pancreas pumps out insulin into the blood Insulin helps the uptake of glucose into muscles
and other cells This causes the blood glucose level to fall to its
normal set point and Pancreas detects the fall and switches off insulin
production
Diabetes Treatments
Dietary changes NCS, complex carbs Weight loss Exercise Medications
Oral, insulin
Complications Vision loss Kidney failure Cardio failure Neuropathy
Limb sensation
Osteoarthritis (OA) Degenerative joint
Disease Cartilage in your joints
wears down over time Causes swelling, pain
and loss of motion in the joint
Most will experience by the age of 80
Causes Aging Joint injury Inactivity Excess body weight Heredity
Treatment Weight loss Low impact exercise Heat Medication Joint replacement
Osteoporosis Reduction in bone loss
due to depletion of calcium and bone protein
Predisposes a person to fractures
More common in older adults
Risks Age Low calcium intake Low body weight Smoking, alcohol Family history Sedentary lifestyle
Treatment Increase calcium and
vitamin D (younger the better)
Weight bearing exercises
Fear of Aging Media
Magazines Movies Advertising Greeting Cards
Personal Feelings Cultural influences Impact of caregivers attitudes
Physical Issues: How can we help?
Fall prevention Prevention of injuries common to an older
individual Modifications for home
Attitude Other safety issues
Restructuring the environment Clutter Issues Safety Issues
Physical activities
Aging Process (Physical Changes)
Physical disabilities Diseases Disorders Medications Impact of the symptoms on an individual Impact of the symptoms on a caregiver
The Aging Process (Sociological Changes)
Social Roles Cultural Life Roles Adaptation of Roles in Society Aging and Changes in Social Context
Sociological Changes- How can we help?
Depression Suicide
Highest rate of any age group More “successful” when they try to kill themselves
Isolation Cultural differences Impact of Aging on Family Members Sexuality Dealing with Difficult Individuals
Aging Process (Psychological Changes)
Adult Development Aging and Specific Physiological Functional
Changes Loss, Death, Widowhood, Bereavement Counseling Spirituality Medications
Psychological Changes-How can we help?
Control Psychological well being Life Satisfaction:
Zest Resolution and Fortitude Completion Self-Esteem Outlook
Respecting and Valuing the Aging Individual
Life review Incorporating Culture Change into a long
term care facility Leaving a legacy
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