irregular stems in preterite

IRREGULAR STEMS IN PRETERITE

Have two features: 1. an irregular stem and

2. a special set of endings:

-e * -imos-iste -isteis-o * -ieron

*Note that the yo and él forms are stressed on the stem, not on the ending. (no written accents!!)

B. Some of these stem changers have stems with the vowel “i”.

decir to say

dije dijimosdijiste dijisteisdijo dijeron*

Decir: new stem dij + endings

B. Some of these stem changers have stems with the vowel “i”.

Querer: to want

quise quisimosquisiste quisisteisquiso quisieron

Querer: new stem quis + endings

B. Some of these stem changers have stems with the vowel “i”.

Hacer: to do, make

hice hicimoshiciste hicisteisHizo* hicieron

Hacer: new stem hic + endings

B. Some of these stem changers have stems with the vowel “i”.

Venir: to come

vine vinimosviniste vinisteisvino vinieron

Venir: new stem vin + endings

B1. NOTES*There are two important irregularities

in the verbs above.1. The él/ella/Ud. form of hacer is spelled with a z, not a c as in the other forms.

co= /Ko/; zo= /So/

2. The ellos/ellas/Uds. form of decir loses the i of the -ieron ending.

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

1. The él/ella/Ud. form of hacer is spelled with a z, not a c as in the other forms.

co= /Ko/; zo= /So/

2. The ellos/ellas/Uds. form of decir loses the i of the -ieron ending.

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

andar: to walk

anduve anduvimosanduviste anduvisteisanduvo anduvieron

Andar: new stem anduv + endings

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

andar: to walk

tuve tuvimostuviste tuvisteistuvo tuvieron

Tener: new stem tuv + endings

* These verbs in the preterite express an action.

Tener: to have (give birth)

Ex: Esa mujer tuvo 19 hijos.

That woman had (gave birth to) 19 children.

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

estar: to be

estuve estuvimosestuviste estuvisteisestuvo estuvieron

estar: new stem estuv + endings

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

saber: to know (a fact)

supe supimossupiste supisteissupo supieron

saber: new stem sup + endings

* These verbs in the preterite express an action.

Saber: to find out (preterite)

Ex: En ese momento supe la verdad.

In that moment I found out the truth.

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

caber: to fit

cupe cupimoscupiste cupisteiscupo cupieron

caber: new stem cup + endings

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

poder: to be able to

pude pudimospudiste pudisteispudo pudieron

poder: new stem pud + endings

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

poner: to put

puse pusimospusiste pusisteispuso pusieron

poner: new stem pus + endings

C2. All verbs ending in –ducir have a stem with the vowel “-u” (conducir, traducir, producir, etc.)

C1. Other irregular preterits have stems with the vowel “u”.

conducir: to drive

conduje condujimoscondujiste condujisteiscondujo Condujeron*

conducir: new stem conduj + endings

*no “i”

Ex. Last week I drove for the first time. La semana pasada conduje por la primera vez.

Ex. She translated the book from english to russian.

Ella tradujo el libro de inglés a ruso.

D1. The verb traer has a in the stem of the preterit

Traer: to bringtraje trajimostrajiste trajisteistrajo trajeron*

*no “i”

E1. The preterit of hay is hubo

This morning there was an accident on the highway.

Ex. Esta mañana hubo un accidente en la carretera.

Fernando said

“hello”.

Fernando dijo “hola”.

We told the story (el cuento)

Dijimos el cuento

He didn’t want (refused) to

speak

Él no quiso hablar

I made the bed

Hice la cama

We did our* hw

Hicimos la tarea

Ya’ll made the tortilla

Hicisteis la tortilla

/Uds. hicieron

Marcela came to

the party

Marcela vino a la

fiesta

Ana and Rafa did not come

to school today

Ana y Rafa no vinieron a la escuela hoy

I walked through the

city (la ciudad)

Anduve por la ciudad

She had a baby?

¿Ella tuvo un bebé?

Gabriela obtained (obtener)

a prize (un premio)

Gabriela obtuvo un

premio

Did you redo the project?

¿Rehiciste el proyecto?

We walked in the park

Anduvimos en el parque

Were you all at home?

¿Estuvisteis en casa?

¿Estuvieron Uds…?

What did you find out?

¿Qué supiste?

We found out the truth (la

verdad)

Supimos la verdad

We didn’t fit in the car

No cupimos en el coche

I couldn’t speak

No pude hablar

They couldn’t go out (salir)

last night

No pudieron salir anoche

Did you put on perfume?

¿Te pusiste perfume?

Did you all put on a

coat?

Did you all put on a

coat?

¿Os pusisteis un abrigo?/

¿Se pusieron Uds…?

I drove 8 hours

yesterday

Conduje ocho horas ayer

Did you translate the paragraph?

¿Tradujiste el párrafo?

They produced a lot of orange juice last year

Produjeron mucho zumo/jugo de naranja el año

pasado

We brought the dog to the park

Trajimos el perro al parque

I brought a present to the

party

Traje un regalo a la fiesta

There was a fight (una pelea) last

night

Hubo una pelea anoche