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IoTTechExpo Berlin, 1st of June 2017
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Willner
IOT ARCHITECTURES FOR INTEROPERABILITY
Interoperability within the Internet of Things is more than pushing JSON via MQTT.
IF THERE IS NOTHING ELSE TO REMEMBER…
3
ABOUT ME
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Willner
Fraunhofer FOKUS
Software-based Networks (NGNI) Business Unit
Director of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Center
alexander.willner@fokus.fraunhofer.de
Technische Universität Berlin
Next Generation Networks (AV) Chair
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Research Group Manager & Lecturer
alexander.willner@tu-berlin.de
http://iiot-center.org
http://openiotfog.org
@AlexWillner
linkedin.com/in/willner
xing.to/willner
http://digitale-vernetzung.org
http://www.internet-of-things-lab.org
4 Minutes
TERMINOLOGY AND ORIENTATION
5
THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Th
e C
on
ne
ctiv
ist b
ase
d o
n C
isco
da
ta
6
SMART
Factory
Grid
Agriculture
City and Buidling
Transportation
SMARTPhone
Wearable
TV
Appliances
Home
Connectivity Data Exchange
INDUSTRIALInternet of Things
CONSUMERInternet of Things
INDUSTRIAL VS. CONSUMER IOT
Ba
se
d o
n T
exa
s In
stru
me
nts
an
d M
oo
r Insig
hts
& S
trate
gy's
rep
ort
Se
gm
en
ting th
e In
tern
et o
f Th
ing
s (Io
T)
Health
Plugs
7
A convergence between operational technologies (OT) and modern information technologies (IT).
There is a paradigm shift in the industry.
8
Smart GridSmart Mobility
Health-care
Smart DevicesSmartphone
Industry 4.0
Smart HomeSmart Building
Smart Meter
SmartFactory
THE INTERNET OF CONNECTED THINGS AND SERVICES
Pla
ttform
Ind
ustrie
4.0
-G
rap
hic
s ©
Bo
sch
Re
xro
th A
G
End
TERMINOLOGY AND ORIENTATION
6 Minutes
SOME CONTEXT
14
LARGEST NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION FOR APPLIED RESEARCH IN EUROPE
24,000 staff
More than 70%is derived from contracts with industry and from publicly financed research projects.
Almost 30%is contributed by the German federal and LänderGovernments.
67 institutes and research units
Fin
an
ce
vo
lum
e
€2.1 billion
2015
Co
ntr
act
Res
ear
ch
€1.8 billion
Major infrastructure
capital expenditure and
defense research
15© Fraunhofer FOKUS
18 PERFORMANCE CENTERS
16
ICT
Life Sciences
Light & Surfaces
Microelectronics
Production
Materials and Components
Defense and Security
FRAUNHOFER GROUPS
17© Fraunhofer FOKUS
BERLIN CENTER FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Healthcare Mobility & City of the future
Industry& Production
Critical infrastructure& Energy
TRANSFER CENTERS FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
IoT Lab 5G Testbed Industrie 4.0 Lab Hardware for CPS Lab
ECONOMY
IndustryStart-ups SME
BSI
BMI
Senate of Berlin
BMWi
BMBF BMG
BMVi FU BerlinTU Berlin HU Berlin
Univ.
PotsdamUdK Berlin
18© Fraunhofer FOKUS
OVERVIEW OF THE IOT TECHNOLOGY STACK
19
We help our customers connecting the industrial physical with the digital world.
The vendor-agnostic Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Center was formed.
20© Fraunhofer FOKUS
OFFERINGS
http
://ww
w.in
tern
et-o
f-thin
gs-la
b.o
rg
21
We develop toolkits and testbeds …
22
…that are aligned with latest standards within four focus areas.
End
SOME CONTEXT
20 Minutes
KEY CHALLENGES FOR TRUE INTEROPERABILITY
25
THE IOT LANDSCAPE
Ma
tt Tu
rck
& S
utia
nD
on
g
26
THE IIOT SDOS AND ALLIANCES
AIO
TI W
G3
27
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTEROPERABILITY
ET
SI W
hite
Pa
pe
r: Ach
ievin
g te
ch
nic
al in
tero
p.
➁ ➂➊
Connectivity Communication Data
➃
Programmability
29
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTEROPERABILITY
ET
SI W
hite
Pa
pe
r: Ach
ievin
g te
ch
nic
al in
tero
p.
30
CONNECTIVITY
Op
en
Syste
ms In
terc
on
nectio
n (O
SI) L
aye
rs
cables, frequency, …
Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 802.15.4, …
IPv4, IPv6, IPSec, MPLS, …
UDP, TCP, SCTP, RTPS, …
31© Fraunhofer FOKUS
MEETING HARD REAL-TIME REQUIREMENTS IN INDUSTRIAL DOMAINS
Ba
se
d o
n In
du
stria
l Eth
ern
et F
acts
/ IAO
NA
Synchronized processes,
electric gear systems
machine tools,
robots
conveyors,
most automation machinery
facility control,
guide systems
32© Fraunhofer FOKUS
INDUSTRIAL NETWORK MARKET SHARES 2016
HM
S
IEEE TSN
33© Fraunhofer FOKUS
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES COMPARED
Source: http://de.slideshare.net/PeterREgli/lpwan
Ba
nd
wid
th
Range
5G
4G
3G
2G
Bluetooth
BLE
RFID/NFC
802.11n
802.11ac
LPWAN (e.g. LoRa, SigFox, NB-IoT LTE)ZigBee
802.15.4
➋ ➂➀
Connectivity Communication Data
➃
Programmability
35
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTEROPERABILITY
ET
SI W
hite
Pa
pe
r: Ach
ievin
g te
ch
nic
al in
tero
p.
36
INTEROPERABILITY ABOVE OF LAYER 7
37
OPEN PLATFORM COMMUNICATIONS UNIFIED ARCHITECTURE
OPC UA API
SOAP, proprietary
HTTP, proprietary, AMQP
TCP
IP Background: Vertical
automation industry
38
HISTORY (TWO DIFFERENT LINES OF DEVELOPMENT)
Pris
mTe
ch
40
ONEM2M
oneM2M API
HTTP, MQTT, CoAP, WebSocket
TCP, UDP
IP
Background: Horizontal
telecommunications industry
41
HISTORY (AS A CONTINUATION OF ETSI M2M, WHICH STARTED 2009)
ET
RI
43
DATA-DISTRIBUTION SERVICE
DDS API
DDSI-RTPS
TCP, UDP
IPBackground: Horizontal
military research
44
HISTORY
Pris
m T
ech
46
DATA-DISTRIBUTION SERVICE
W3C WoT API
OPC UA, oneM2M, …
TCP, UDP
IPBackground: lack of
interoperability across
platforms
47© Fraunhofer FOKUS
DEFINING IOT (SEMANTIC) INTEROPERABILITY SINCE 2014
Ba
se
d o
n: W
ebsta
ndard
sfü
rd
as Io
T, M
atth
ias K
ova
tsch
, Sie
me
ns
Binding Templates
Interaction Model
Scripting API
Binding Templates
Interaction Model
Scripting API
Things
Description
Things
Description
HTTP CoAP
OCFCoAP
BACnet
oneM2MCoAPGeneric
Gateway
Application Application
➁ ➌➀
Connectivity Communication Data
➃
Programmability
49
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTEROPERABILITY
ET
SI W
hite
Pa
pe
r: Ach
ievin
g te
ch
nic
al in
tero
p.
50
SYNTACTICAL INTEROPERABILITY
Op
en
Syste
ms In
terc
on
nectio
n (O
SI) L
aye
rs
XML, JSON, CSV, TTL, binary,
…
51
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTEROPERABILITY
ET
SI W
hite
Pa
pe
r: Ach
ievin
g te
ch
nic
al in
tero
p.
52
SEMANTIC INTEROPERABILITY
Op
en
Syste
ms In
terc
on
nectio
n (O
SI) L
aye
rs
53
LEVELS OF MEANINGFULNESS
On
eM
2M
TR
000
7 S
tudy o
f Ab
stra
ctio
n &
Se
ma
ntic
s
54© Fraunhofer FOKUS
USING THE SEMANTIC WEB LAYER CAKE
Ba
se
d o
n T
. Be
rne
rs-L
ee. W
WW
Pa
st a
nd
Fu
ture
. Pre
se
nta
tion
at
the
Roya
l So
cie
ty, Lo
nd
on.
#
55© Fraunhofer FOKUS
A DIRECTED, LABELLED MULTI-GRAPH “ON TOP” OF XML, JSON, …
56
GOOGLE SEMANTIC KNOWLEDGE GRAPH
57
SMART
Factory
Grid
Agriculture
City and Buidling
Transportation
SMARTPhone
Wearable
TV
Appliances
Home
Connectivity Data Exchange
INDUSTRIALInternet of Things
CONSUMERInternet of Things
INDUSTRIAL VS. CONSUMER IOT
Ba
se
d o
n T
exa
s In
stru
me
nts
an
d M
oo
r Insig
hts
& S
trate
gy's
rep
ort
Se
gm
en
ting th
e In
tern
et o
f Th
ing
s (Io
T)
Health
Plugs
➁ ➂➀
Connectivity Communication Data
➍
Programmability
59© Fraunhofer FOKUS
BY 2020 THE DIGITAL UNIVERSE WILL REACH 44 TRILLION GB.
DE
LL
60© Fraunhofer FOKUS
WHERE DATA WILL BE PROCESSED UNTIL 2017
Cis
co
Con
su
lting S
erv
ices, 2
01
4
61
BACK TO THE FUTURE
Pe
ter L
evin
e: R
etu
rn to
the
Ed
ge
an
d th
e E
nd
of C
lou
d C
om
pu
ting
62
TOWARDS INTEGRATED FOG, EDGE AND CLOUD COMPUTING
Private Cloud
Edge Node
Edge Node
Fog Node
Fog Computing Edge Computing Cloud Computing
latency, jitter, dependency on network
data privacy and protection
value of data
PublicCloud
63
STANDARDIZATION: ETSI MANAGEMENT AND ORCHESTRATION (MANO)
ET
SI
NFV Management and
Orchestration
VNFs
ManagerVNFs
Manager
Hardware Resources
Computing
Hardware
Storage
Hardware
Network
Hardware
Virtualisation Layer
Virtual
Computing
Virtual
Storage
Virtual
Hardware
VNF1 VNF2 VNF3
EMS1 EMS2 EMS3
OSS/BSS
Service, VNF and Infrastructure
Description
Orchestrator
VNFs
Manager
Virtualised
Infrastructure
Manager
End
CHALLENGES
1 Minute
SUMMARY
➁ ➂➀
Connectivity Communication Data
➃
Programmability
Interoperability within the Internet of Things is more than pushing JSON via MQTT.
IF THERE IS NOTHING ELSE TO REMEMBER…
68© Fraunhofer FOKUS
INDUSTRIAL IOT FORUM 2017
69© Fraunhofer FOKUS
INDUSTRIAL IOT FORUM 2017
OpenIoTFog
BACKUP
2 Minutes
OPENIOTFOG
72
A SOFTWARE-DEFINED, HIGHLY INTERCONNECTED INDUSTRY 4.0-READY PLC.
73
COMMUNICATION WITH ACTUATORS, SENSORS, PLC’S, ERP AND MES
74
ORCHESTRATION OF APPLICATIONS TO A DISTRIBUTED FOG NETWORK
App Store
Or
ch
es
tr
ati
o
n
E
n
gi
ne
Orchestration
Robot Control App
Videoanalysis App
Condition Monitoring App
End
OPENIOTFOG
The Fraunhofer Center for Digital Transformation
and the Transfer Center Internet of Things
BACKUP
78
4 BERLIN-BASED FRAUNHOFER INSTITUTES DESIGN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
http
://ww
w.d
igita
le-v
ern
etz
un
g.o
rg
Economy
Start-Ups, SME,
Industry
Fraunhofer Institutes
FOKUS, HHI, IPK,
IZM
Research &
Science
TU, FU, HU, HTW,
Beuth,
Politics
Berlin & EU
79
BERLIN CENTER FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
http
://ww
w.d
igita
le-v
ern
etz
un
g.o
rg
Healthcare Mobility &
City of the future
Industry &
ProductionCritical
infrastructure
& Energy
IoT Lab
Dr. Florian Schreiner
5G Testbed
Dr. Richard Weiler
Industrie 4.0 Lab
Eckhard Hohwieler
Hardware for CPS Lab
Dr. Stephan Guttowski
Dr. Maik Hampicke
FIELDS OF APPLICATION
TRANSFERZENTREN
Directory
• Prof. Manfred Hauswirth (Spokesperson, FOKUS)
• Prof. Klaus-Dieter Lang (IZM)
• Prof. Martin Schell (HHI)
• Prof. Ina Schieferdecker (FOKUS)
• Prof. Eckart Uhlmann (IPK)
• Prof. Thomas Wiegand (HHI)
Management
Jürgen Diller/ Petra Steffens
Sc
ien
tific A
dvis
ory
Bo
ard
Ind
us
tria
l A
dvis
ory
Bo
ard
IND
US
TR
Y F
OR
UM
»D
IGIT
AL
TR
AN
SF
OR
MA
TIO
N«
80
APPLICATION AREAS
http
://ww
w.d
igita
le-v
ern
etz
un
g.o
rg
Healthcare Mobility & City of
the future
Industry
& Production
Critical
infrastructure
& Energy
• Tele monitoring
• Tele diagnostics
• Technologies
measuring the
health status
• Highly automated
driving
• Early warning
systems
• Smart Data
services for Smart
Cities
• Seamless value
chains
• Internet of Things
• Service-based
business models
• Smart energy
consumption
• Predictive
maintenance
• Safe and resilient
infrastructures
81
4 TRANSFER CENTERS BUILDING A BRIDGE TO THE ECONOMY
http
://ww
w.d
igita
le-v
ern
etz
un
g.o
rg
Healthcare Mobility
& City of the future
Industry
& ProductionCritical infrastructure
& Energy
TRANSFER CENTERS FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
IoT Lab 5G Testbed Industrie 4.0 Lab Hardware for CPS Lab
ECONOMY
IndustryStart-ups SME
82© Fraunhofer FOKUS
OFFERINGS IN THE TRANSFER CENTER IOT
http
://ww
w.in
tern
et-o
f-thin
gs-la
b.o
rg
83© Fraunhofer FOKUS
TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRANSFER CENTER IOT
http
://ww
w.in
tern
et-o
f-thin
gs-la
b.o
rg
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