invention practice

InventionPractice

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Lesson 3

Today’s Objective

Review the Invention Process and then have you all work on the process in class and then use these new ideas to begin restricting your topics.

InventionIn writing, invention helps the writer

discover ideas that may be used in drafting.

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Generate Ideas

Analytical Thinking

See parts that create a whole

Relationships they create

InventionThe Invention Guide

Collection of strategies to invent or discover ideas for a specific writing topic, claim or

idea.

Definition

Exemplification

Comparison

Causality

Effects

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Definitional Thinking

Whole definition formula(Key idea to be analyzed) + (form of the verb

to be) + (category idea) + (restricting ideas)

Definitional Thinking

Example: Vegetarianism is:

Healthyhelps with weight losshelpful for the environmenthealthier than alternate dietslabeled a certain way by societymisunderstood

Key Idea +

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To be verb +

{Category}

Definitional Thinking

Vegetarianism is healthy for the body because

meat is excluded from the diet and there is less fat in the diet.

*Because meals often contain more nutrients.When the diet does not contain any animal products*Because eating meat is unhealthyBecause meals do not contain as much fatbecause there is not too much protein in one’s diet

Key Idea + To be verb + {Category} + Restricting Ideas

Comparative Thinking

Look for ideas or concepts within your notes that can be thought about by comparisons of

similarities and/or differences.

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Comparative Thinking

Help make comparative thinking efficient by creating focus points, specific points of comparison through which two or more

ideas, experiences, or objects can be analyzed.

Comparative Thinking

Once you have two halves of comparisons, help your mind to work efficiently by

creating “focus points” for the comparison.

Ask yourself, what do I want to learn from comparing X with Y?

Comparative Thinking

Vegetarian diets contain more nutrients than meat diets.

Focus Point: What are the differences in nutritional value between a vegetarian diet and a diet that includes meat?

Comparative Thinking

MeatAmino acidsIronHigh source of proteinVitamin B-12

No-meat in dietSame amount of amino acidsIronLower source of proteinVitamin B-12 (often difficult to find in non-meat products)

Can be found in free range eggs, yeast, and soy products

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Effective Thinking

Review key ideas for ideas that could be further developed by analyzing the effects of those ideas.

Use these two questions to generate effects analysis:

(1)What has happened because X exists?

(2) What is likely to happen in the future because X exists?

Effective Thinking

The analysis of effects requires the mind to take an idea, action, belief, experience, or value and then

to consider what will result from any one of those.

Results from the past or any speculation of results in the future

Effective Thinking

What are the effects on someone’s health and well being when their diet is changed to a vegetarian diet?

You would then want to research health effects of changing diets. Seek out future effects, past research done on vegetarians.

Exemplification Thinking

Create examples that illustrate key words, ideas, or concepts. These may come

directly from the writing prompt or from notes in any other section of the invention guide where vague, abstract, or general

ideas occur.

Exemplification Thinking

Vague Idea: American’s eat too much meat

Because they are influenced by the society

Specific: by the media and corporations

Find an example: Evidence about Corporations spending millions of dollars on advertising the meat industry. How does this affect the American consumer?

Causal Thinking

Take a key idea or ideas from your notes and follow it with the word because or the

phrase caused by.

Causality helps you to discover why or how some idea, event, value, attitude, belief, or feeling occurs; causality provides reasons

for.

Causal Thinking

American’s eat too much meat. Vague Idea

What causes American’s to eat too much meat?

CorporationsMediaCultureDishes in restaurantsFast Food

Have a Try

Definitional

Exemplification

Causal

Effective

Comparison

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Refining Topics

What does the definition of argument imply about our topics?

Refining Topics

“The aim or purpose of argument is to use logic (both inductive and deductive) to create reasoned communication of ideas, insights, and experiences to some audience so as to produce a new understanding of some issue for that audience.”

Refining Topics

What is the new understanding of your topic that you will provide for your audience?

Right now, your topics are too general to produce a new understanding, so we must refine our topics.

Refining Topics

Let’s look at page 248 in your text: “Formulating the final topic”

Refining Topics

Topic: Vegetarianism (Too vague)

Refining Topics

Discover new ideas in your invention notes.

Causal Thinking

American’s eat too much meat. Vague Idea

What causes American’s to eat too much meat?

CorporationsMediaCultureDishes in restaurantsFast Food

Causal ThinkingAmerican’s eat too much meat. Vague Idea

What causes American’s to eat too much meat?

CorporationsMedia

American’s are becoming unhealthy and lazy because of media influences backed by corporations

Causal Thinking

My topic can change from Vegetarianism, to an argumentative topic seeking out the effects that corporations and the media have on the unhealthy consumer.

Now I am making a move towards argument.

Refining Topics

Now look through your notes and find a more specific and argumentative claim that you could ultimately begin to research.

Homework

Reading: Chapter 8, pages 246-256

Continue with your Invention Notes and begin looking to refine your topic