introduction to surgery with his 1st sem 2011
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Introduction to
Surgery
ERMTERUEL 2011
DOFSurgeryPeri-operative nursing
Pre-operativeIntra-operativePost-operative
Other Surgical settings
Ambulatory care setting
ClinicsCommunity setting
Homes
Surgical Setting
ADVANTAGES
Low costLow risk of
infectionLess
interruption of routine
Less interruption from work
Less stress
DISADVANTAGES
Less time for rapport
Less time to assess, evaluation, teach Risk of potential complication post op.
DIVISION OF SURGERY
GPOP
ERMTERUEL 2011
BRANCHES OF SURGERY
TAE UNO
Prefixes
Suffixes
Root word
Prefixes
anti
Hemisupra
Infra
subsuper
ultrapyante
dysperipandispost
Suffixes
PlastyOrrhapy celegraphyGramLysisitisoscopypexy
centesisotomyscopetomeEctomyLithotom
y
Root word
cholepneumcolpocholecysttenoureterrhinocutpyel
thoracohemcystootdorsorchiogynecadenoangio
proctmast
Objectives of Surgery
Pro ReCoRD
PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS REQUIRING SURGERY
OPET
HANDLING SPECIMEN
IDENTIFICATION
DATEIOSCONTAINER
obstruction
Erosion
Tumor
TYPES of SURGERY
According to PURPOSE
According to degree of URGENCY
According to degree of RISK
According to PURPOSE:
1.Diagnostic2.Exploratory3.Curative Ablative Reconstructive Constructive
4. Palliative5. Transplant
According to DEGREE of RISK (Magnitude / Extent):
MajorER,HR,D,VO,BL
Minor
According to URGENCY
EmergencyUrgent /ImperativePlanned / RequiredElectiveOptional
Neolithic Age
TREPANNING
a procedure in which a hole is
drilled in the skull to relieve pressure
on the brain
EGYPT
Circumcision CastrationLithotomyAmputation
ANCIENT INDIA
GS and Ortho
PLASTIC SURGERY
4th CENTURY B.C.
HIPPOCRATES
A Greek physician published
descriptions of various surgical
procedures
MIDDLE AGES
Barbers as
surgeons
GUY DE CHAULIAC
French surgeon who published CHIRURGIA MAGMA (Great Surgery)▪in 1316
Classify the order of surgeon
PETER LOWE (1550 – 1613)
“CHIRURGERIE”(science or art)
15971st description of
OOS&COS
PETER LOWE (1550 – 1613)
1.To take away2.To held and add3.To put in place which is
out4.To separate5.To join what is
separated
PETER LOWE (1550 – 1613)
CRITERIA OF A SURGEON:
1.He be learned2.Expert3.Ingenious4.Well mannered
FATHER OF MODERN SURGERY
employed the method
of LIGATING
AMBROISE PARE
BLOOD CIRCULATION
WILLIAM HARVEY
Italian anatomist who
identified the existence of
tiny blood vessels
called CAPILLARIES.
MARCELLO MALPIGHI
British anatomist and
surgeon who stressed the close
relationship between medicine
and surgery.
JOHN HUNTER
American dentist often CREDITED WITH THE
DISCOVERY OF SURGICAL ANESTHESIA.
In 1846he used anesthesia as a way to mask pain during
surgery.
WILLIAM MORTON
American surgeon who used anesthesia in
1842 during removal of tumors but did not publish his results
until 1849.
CRAWFORD W. LONG
French chemist who discovered
FERMENTATION or PUTREFACTION
(the decay and death of body tissue is
caused by bacteria in the air).
LOUIS PASTEUR
British surgeon who applied
Pasteur’s work to surgery by developing ANTISEPTICTECHNIQUES
including the use of carbonic acid spray to kill germs in
the OR before surgery.
JOSEPH LISTER
Pioneer of
abdominal surgery
THEODOR BILLROTH
Pioneered techniques such as
washing of hands and
changing into clean clothing before surgery
which prevent wounds from being contaminated during
surgery.This techniques helped minimize
post operative infections.
Austrian IGNAZSEMMELWEISS
andamerican
OLIVER WENDELL HOMES
German physicist who invented X-RAYS
in 1895
to “photograph” the inside of the body.
WILHELM CONRAD K. ROENTGEN
Austrian pathologist
who discovered
BLOOD GROUPS A, B and O.
KARL LANDSTEINER
1937 Blood banks were
created1940
antibiotics were introduced to further minimized the
risk of post operative infection
American surgeon who developed a
HEART – LUNG MACHINE in 1953
marking the beginning
of MODERN CLINICAL
HEART SURGERY.
JOHN H. GIBBON
1950-OPERATING
MICROSCOPE was developed
AND THE FIRST KIDNEY
TRANSPLANT
South African physician
who performed the FIRST
HEART TRANSPLANT.
CHRISTIAAN BARRNARD
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