introduction to bim to gis integration ecobuild 2010
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Session S101
Introduction to BIM – GIS Integration
John Przybyla, PE, GISP,
Woolpert, Inc.
National Institute of Building National Institute of Building SciencesSciencesNational Institute of Building National Institute of Building SciencesSciences
• 1974 - Public Law 93-383, Sect. 809 – Bridge between Private and Public Construction– Non-governmental – Unique 501c3 Organization– Unique in that it represents all disciplines in industry
• Architects, Engineers, Contractors, Insurers, Unions, Manufacturers, Legal, Housing, Vendors, Owners, Consumers, State & Federal Government, Codes & Standards, and Testing
– buildingSMARTalliance is a council of the Institute– Formerly International Alliance for interoperability
• NIBS Related Products – – Construction Criteria Base – Whole Building Design Guide– National CAD Standard– National BIM Standard
An Authoritative Source of Innovative Solutions for the Built An Authoritative Source of Innovative Solutions for the Built EnvironmentEnvironment
National Institute of
Building Sciences
buildingSMARTalliance RelationshipsbuildingSMARTalliance RelationshipsbuildingSMARTalliance RelationshipsbuildingSMARTalliance Relationships
NIBS PresidentNIBS President
buildingSMART alliance™ StaffbuildingSMART alliance™ Staff
buildingSMART International
Alliance Programs
ProjectsFrom all members
of the Alliance
External and Internal Projects
Sponsors and Members
External and Internal Projects
NIBS NIBS Board of Board of DirectorsDirectors
NIBS NIBS Board of Board of DirectorsDirectors
Board of DirectionBoard of Direction
The AllianceThe AllianceThe AllianceThe Alliance
Vision• A global environment where all participants can readily
and transparently share, apply and maintain information about facilities and infrastructure to enhance quality and economy of design, construction, operation and maintenance
Mission • Improve all aspects of the facility and infrastructure
lifecycle by promoting collaboration, technology, integrated practices, and open standards
buildingSMARTalliance BIM-GIS Projecthttp://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/projects/activeprojects/27buildingSMARTalliance BIM-GIS Projecthttp://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/projects/activeprojects/27
Elements of the Project CharterElements of the Project Charter
• Spatial awareness across AEC lifecycle is defined to be critical requirement– Inside and outside of a building
• Identify and define requirements where convergence between geospatial and building information across the building lifecycle is needed
• Review and where possible adapt geospatial standards-based workflows that meet requirements, save time and effort where convergence exists
• Identify existing standards that are ready for immediate testing for candidate status
BIM-GIS Project FocusBIM-GIS Project Focus
• How can BIM applications and information seamlessly interact with geospatial information during across the lifecycle process to address requirements related to site conditions and surroundings?
• How can BIM and geospatial applications be used to communicate campus-wide information requirements for lifecycle facility management and operations?
• How can 3-D CAD and geospatial portrayal services facilitate modeling in campus-wide and facility perspectives for as-is BIM model and further extension for planning or design activities?
Committee MembersCommittee Members• Deke Smith• Earle Kennett• Bill East • John Messner• Dennis Shelden• Calvin Kam• Mitch Schefcik• Chris Andrews• Paul Cote• Don Kuehne• John Young• Niels LaCour• Alexander Stepanov• Eric Wittner• Louis Hecht• Russ Manning• Renee Tietjen• Jason Combs• Scott McFarlane• Babak Jalalzadeh• Ken Casazza• Stu Rich
• Jaymes Cloninger • Mark Butler• Hector Camps• Phillip Cousins• Diane Davis • Alan Edgar• Kristine Fallon• Dave Jordani• Dave Morris• Bill Napier• Mark Reichardt• Angela Lewis• Kimon Onuma• Clark Morgan• Tim Murtha• Paul Seletsky• Kathy Kalscheur• Louise Sabol• Jeremy Hazel• Michael Rendler• Theresa Thompson• Mohammed Biswas
• Peter Sforza• Keith Beck• Mike Parkin• Joseph Mudry• Horatio McDowney• Steve Sims• Francois Grobler• Jason Mayes• Brent Kastor• Giovanni Migliaccio• Mike McSween
BIM-GIS Interaction IssuesBIM-GIS Interaction Issues
• What are the business practices where converged geospatial and AEC information can be maximized?
• What open standard tool sets (IFC-BIM, AECxml, GIS,
CMMS, IWMS, etc.) should be used to perform what functions?
• Are there requirements for convergence that can only be supplied by file exchange? What message format(s) should be used for data exchange?
• What data standards and service interfaces exist or need to be developed?
• What role do web services play?
BIM Provides Benefits for Design and ConstructionBIM Provides Benefits for Design and Construction
• Improved design process• 3-D visualization for owner (static only)• Coordination between disciplines• Interference checking• Facilitates energy efficiency and LEED• Automated quantity take offs• 4-D scheduling• Improved documentation of design intent• Potentially used for fabrication
Elements in BIM are Created at a High Level of DetailElements in BIM are Created at a High Level of Detail
This data is required to convey the information needed to construct the facility.
All BIM products export BIM data to and Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs)
Can We Use BIM As a Spatial Data Repository?Can We Use BIM As a Spatial Data Repository?
•File-based•Proprietary data formats
– Exports to IFC not uniform
•Not easily query-able across multiple facilities•Not scalable to large number of users
– BIM Server technology limited to design focus
•Limited security•No clustering, failover, etc.
Not a Viable Solution –
Look at standards-based
geospatial tools
Space
Natural Asset
Linear Structure
Structure
Building
Facility / Built
World
Sub-SystemsSystem
Level
Site
Real Property Asset
Country
State / Province
County
Region
Node
Segment
Room
Space
System
Level
Sub-Systems
Room
Water / Sea
Land / Parcel
Underground
Air / Space
Overlay
Overlay
Components
Components
City
Traditional CAD/BIM Space
Traditional Scalability Using GIS
Traditional GIS Space
Space
Natural Asset
Linear Structure
Structure
Building
Facility / Built
World
Sub-SystemsSystem
Level
Site
Real Property Asset
Country
State / Province
County
Region
Node
Segment
Room
Space
System
Level
Sub-Systems
Room
Water / Sea
Land / Parcel
Underground
Air / Space
Overlay
Overlay
Components
Components
City
GIS has Advanced to Total Scalability
The Analytic Power of GISThe Analytic Power of GIS
• Spatial analysis and modeling– Overlay analysis (union, intersect)– Proximity analysis (buffer, near)– Surface analysis (hill shade, slope)– Linear analysis (connectivity, tracing) – Raster analysis
• Geoprocessing tools• Relational Database structure• Enterprise-ready• Web services• Integrates with
– EDMS– CMMS– CAFM– IWMS
BIM to GIS Integration IssuesBIM to GIS Integration Issues
• BIM is MUCH richer in detail than a GIS database
• GIS has only recently become fully 3-D
• Design BIM contains all the information needed to construct a building, but not to manage it
– Space polygons– Occupant information– Asset details (make, model, etc.)– Equipment maintenance data
• Some of the missing data can be supplied by COBie
• GIS database and BIM will require network capabilities to share information
Fundamental Differences Between BIM and GISFundamental Differences Between BIM and GIS
BIM (IFC)• Highly standardized
structure• Parametric – highly
structured• File based• File based exchange• Inferior data exchange
between COTS products• Small number of users• Thick client
GIS• User defined structures• Parametric – loosely
structured• Server based - relational
database• File and web services for
exchange• Maximum integration
flexibility• Large numbers of users• Thick and thin clients
Developments in BIM-GIS IntegrationDevelopments in BIM-GIS Integration
•Geographic Elements within IFC•COBie2 Standard•CityGML•Full 3-D GIS/3-D Analysis•Building and Interior Spaces Data Model
buildingSMART IFC for GIS Project/IFC 2.4 RC2buildingSMART IFC for GIS Project/IFC 2.4 RC2
IFC 2.4 Spatial & Geographic ElementsIFC 2.4 Spatial & Geographic Elements
•New entity for spatial zones– the zone can now have own location, shape and functional type as
required e.g. in thermal or lighting zones.– Both zones, with an without own shapes, can now be assigned to
different levels of the project structure.
•Space boundaries for curved building elements, such as arc walls, can now be defined by bounded cylindrical and bounded swept surfaces.
•A clear differentiation between 1st and 2nd
level space boundaries is made
Spatial & Geographic ElementsIFC 2.4 Spatial & Geographic ElementsIFC 2.4
• External spaces – separate the external air, earth, water, with the definition of
external space boundaries to identify the gross volume of stories or buildings.
• New entity for geographic elements placed in the context of a site. – Using the enhanced external reference mechanism those
geographic elements, as any other element, can be assigned to feature catalogs or any other external classification system.
• Parts of the specification for these elements were introduced into IFC 2.4 as a result of output from AECOO-1.
• These capabilities have not been exercised with OGC GML (Geographic Markup Language) nor CityGML.
Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBIE)
Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBIE)
Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie) adds Tabular Information to BIM
Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie) adds Tabular Information to BIM• Capture tabular data needed by the owner as it is created by
– Designers – Constructors– Commissioning Agents
• Industry participation – BIM vendors now export to COBIE– CMMS/CAFM vendors import COBIE
• Some of the COBie data belongs in GIS
• GIS Asset tables need to store a sufficient level of detail
COBie is Structured to Import Non-spatial Data into CMMS/CAFM/GISCOBie is Structured to Import Non-spatial Data into CMMS/CAFM/GIS
COBie2 LimitationsCOBie2 Limitations
•COBie is focused on FM Handover•COBie does not include spatial data
CityGMLCityGML
CityGML ConceptsCityGML Concepts
•Application independent Geospatial Application independent Geospatial Information ModelInformation Model for virtual 3D city and landscape models– Comprises different thematic areas
(buildings, vegetation, water, terrain, traffic etc.)
– Data model (UML) according to ISO 19100 standards family
– Exchange format results from rule-based mapping of the UML diagrams to a GML3 application schema
– Adopted OGC standard since 08/2008
CityGMLCityGML
• CityGML represents– 3D geometry, 3D topology, semantics, and appearance – In 5 discrete scales (Levels of Detail, LOD)
LOD 4 – Interior ModelLOD 4 – Interior Model“Walkable” architectural models“Walkable” architectural models
LOD 3 – LOD 3 – City / Site modelCity / Site modelDetailed architectural models, landmarksDetailed architectural models, landmarks
LOD 2 – LOD 2 – City / Site modelCity / Site modelSimple buildings with detailed roof structuresSimple buildings with detailed roof structures
LOD 1 – City / Site modelLOD 1 – City / Site modelPrismatic buildings without roof structuresPrismatic buildings without roof structures
LOD 0 – Regional, landscape modelLOD 0 – Regional, landscape model2.5D Digital terrain model, 3D landmarks2.5D Digital terrain model, 3D landmarks
The same object may be represented in different LODs The same object may be represented in different LODs simultaneouslysimultaneously
CityGML StrengthsCityGML Strengths
CityGML CoreCityGML Core
GML 3.1.1GML 3.1.1
Bu
ildin
gB
uild
ing
Cit
yFu
rnit
ure
Cit
yFu
rnit
ure
Cit
yO
bje
ctG
roup
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yO
bje
ctG
roup
Land
Use
Land
Use
Relie
fR
elie
f
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
Veg
eta
tion
Veg
eta
tion
Wate
rBody
Wate
rBody
AppearanceAppearance
GenericsGenerics
Application Domain Extensions (ADE)Application Domain Extensions (ADE)
CityGML LimitationsCityGML Limitations
•Some limited experimentation has taken place to understand how IFC and CityGML can work together.
•More work on this point is needed.•CityGML is focused on visualization
3-D GIS3-D GIS
3-D GIS Analysis Tools3-D GIS Analysis Tools
3-D GIS Example Data3-D GIS Example Data
3-D GIS Analysis Capabilities3-D GIS Analysis Capabilities
3-D GIS Transportation Networks3-D GIS Transportation Networks
DemoDemo
ArcGIS 10ArcGIS 10
3-D GIS Limitations3-D GIS Limitations
•Limited experience converting IFC data to GIS formats
•New technology with limited use for facilities
•Complex data structures needed to support facilities
ESRI Building and Interior Spaces Data Model
ESRI Building and Interior Spaces Data Model
ESRI Geodatabase Data ModelsStandardized Templates for Many FieldsESRI Geodatabase Data ModelsStandardized Templates for Many Fields
• Address• Agricultural• Atmospheric• Base Map• Biodiversity• Carbon Footprint• Census-Admin• Boundaries• Defense-Intel• Energy Utilities• Environmental • Forestry• Geology• Groundwater• Health
• Historic Preservation & Archaeology
• Homeland Security• Hydro• IHO• Land Parcels• Local Government• Marine• National Cadastre• Petroleum• Pipeline• Telecommunications• Transportation• Water Utilities• Building Interior Space
Simple feature classHaul Contains Z values
Contains M valuesGeometry Point
NoNo
Data typeField namePrec-ision Scale LengthDomainDefault value
Allownulls
OBJECTID Object ID
SHAPE Geometry YesHAULJOIN Long integer No 0
VESSELCODE Long integer No 0
CRUISE Long integer No 0
HAUL Long integer No 0
STATION_ID String No 7
SSTEMP Float No 0 0BOTTOMTEMP Float No 0 0
EFFORT Float No 0 0
DataSourceID String Yes 50
TableDataSource
Data typeField namePrec-ision Scale LengthDomainDefault value
Allownulls
OBJECTID Object ID
DESC_ String Yes 35SOURCE String Yes 35
CONTACT String Yes 20PREC String Yes 20
CREATE_DATE Long integer Yes 0
LAST_UPDATED Long integer Yes 0DataSourceID String Yes 50
TableFishCatch
Data typeField namePrec-ision Scale LengthDomainDefault value
Allownulls
OBJECTID Object IDHAULJOIN Long integer No 0
SPECIESCODE Long integer No 0LATINNAME String No 28
COMMONNAME String No 21WEIGHTCPUE Double No 0 0
NUMBERCPUE Double No 0 0
Relationship class
NamePrimary keyForeign key
TypeCardinalityNotification
Forward labelBackward label
No relationship rules defined.
DataSourceHasHaul
Origin table Destination feature class
SimpleOne to manyNone
HaulDataSource
DataSourceDataSourceIDDataSourceID
HaulName
Relationship class
NamePrimary keyForeign key
TypeCardinalityNotification
Forward labelBackward label
No relationship rules defined.
HaulHasFishCatch
Origin feature class Destination table
SimpleOne to manyNone
FishCatchHaul
HaulHAULJOINHAULJOIN
FishCatchName
ESRI’s Building Interior Space Data Model (BISDM) for GISA user community effort
ESRI’s Building Interior Space Data Model (BISDM) for GISA user community effort
• Started in summer 2007
• Build template to serve many uses cases and compatible technologies
• Real-world project tested
• Support property, building, and asset objects
• Models, supporting documentation, data loading tools, and sample viewers at www.esri.com/datamodels
•Defining and measuring building space– BOMA and FICM
•Classifying building space -- form, function, assets– Open Standards Consortium for Real Estate (OSCRE)– OmniClasstm
•Building information models (BIM)– National BIM Standard– Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)
•Building object information exchange– Construction Operations Building Information Exchange
(COBIE)
BISDM Supports Industry Standards
BISDM Asset Data Feature ClassesBISDM Asset Data Feature Classes
BISDM 2.0 Mimics the structure of IFCs
“Split” Data Model to Interface with External Database (or Future BIM Server)“Split” Data Model to Interface with External Database (or Future BIM Server)
ConveyanceArea
(PK/FK)ASSETID (guid)ALIAS(FK)ENTITYID (guid)DESCRIPTIONCAPACITYCONVEYANCEUSECONVEYANCETYPEDOORQTYADACOMPLIANTFLOORSSERVEDKEYACCESFLOORS
1
0..1
0..1
0..1
vElevator
INNER JOIN ONConveyanceArea.AssetID = Elevator.ELEVATORID
vEscalator
INNER JOIN ONConveyanceArea.AssetID = Escalator.ESCALATORID
vStairWell
INNER JOIN ONConveyanceArea.AssetID = Stairwell.STAIRWELLID
Escalator
(PK)ESCALATORID (guid)……
Elevator
(PK)ELEVATORID (guid)REFERENCEFIREEXITCLEARWIDTHCLEARDEPTHCLEARHEIGHT
0..1MovingWalkway
(PK)MOVINGWALKWAYID……
Stairwell
(PK)STAIRWELLIDREFERENCENUMBEROFRISERNUMBEROFTREADSRISERHEIGHTTREADLENGTHNOSINGLENGTHWALKINGLINEOFFSETTREADLENGTHATOFFSETTREADLENGTHATINNERSIDEHEADROOMWAISTTHICKNESS
vMovingWalkway
INNER JOIN ONConveyanceArea.AssetID = MovingWalkway.MOVINGWALKWAYID
“Is A Type Of” Relationship
BIM
Data
Potential Integrated CADD/BIM/GIS Data WorkflowPotential Integrated CADD/BIM/GIS Data Workflow
GIS
Repository
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GIS Data
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CAFM/IWMSCOBIE
Spatial Data
Tabular Data
Spatial Data
Spatial Data
Asset Management
BIM
Repository
ESRI BISDM LimitationsESRI BISDM Limitations
•Limited experience, especially with 3-D•BIMServer for FM does not exist
BIM-GIS Committee DirectionBIM-GIS Committee Direction
BIM-GIS Use Cases - Planning/Design/ConstructionBIM-GIS Use Cases - Planning/Design/Construction
• Site Selection/Location planning
• Site Suitability/Alternatives analysis
• Site circulation/parking/vehicle routing
• Permitting/zoning review• Visualization
– Building Skins– Textures
• View Shed analysis• Drainage analysis• Erosion control analysis• Height analysis• Airspace encroachments• Shadow analysis (solar
potential)
• Security planning• Evacuation routing• Temporal Analysis
– Historical– Existing– Future
• Economic Analysis• Demographics• Soil Conditions• Transportation• Source locations of building
products (LEED analysis)• Emergency
Management/Security• Total Cost of
Ownership/Lifecycle Analysis
BIM-GIS Use Cases - OperationBIM-GIS Use Cases - Operation
• GIS-based Facilities management (maintain 3-D models)• MEP/data network routing/analysis• Space Management/optimization• Move management• Asset management• Public Safety
– Security– Fire protection– Evacuation routing– Hazardous materials storage
• Way-Finding– Proximity/routing– ADA compliant routes
• Interior Space analyses– Areas (organizational, operations, leasing, etc.)– Elevation– Volumes
• Energy Management– Real-time sensor display– Environmental contaminant analysis
GIS-BIM Use Cases – Renovation/RepurposeGIS-BIM Use Cases – Renovation/Repurpose
•Existing As-built architectural/structural models•Existing As-built MEP/data networks•Security planning•Evacuation routing
Next StepsNext Steps
•Define detailed use cases? IDMs?•Define exchange standards?•Define web services requirements for
BIM Server technology?
DiscussionDiscussion
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