intro to the cold war (1945 1991)

Aim: What events started the Cold War?

World War II Ends

The Cold War (1945-1991)Democracy vs. Communism

I.

United States of AmericaUnited States of America

• SuperpowerSuperpower• Leader of democratic Leader of democratic

nationsnations

• Tremendous Tremendous Economic powerEconomic power

• Only nation with Only nation with atomic bombatomic bomb

Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.)

• Superpower• Leader of communist

nations

• World’s largest army

The Iron Curtain

• Churchill gives a speech referring to an “Iron Curtain”

• Invisible line separating Western (Democracy) from Eastern (Communism) Europe

Containment in Europe

• Policy of Containment

U.S. attempt to stop the spread of communism in Europe

• Truman Doctrine (1947)

Military and economic aid given to help nations resist Communism

• Marshall Plan (1948)

Economic plan to help speed up the economic recovery in Europe to help nations resist Communism

• Why would the Why would the U.S.S.R. want to U.S.S.R. want to prevent the prevent the Marshall Plan Marshall Plan from working?from working?

Aim: What happened to Germany after WWII?

I. Germany Divided

A. Germany was divided into 4 zones

B. U.S., Britain, and France united their zones

C. U.S.S.R. fears a united Germany and will not add their zone

D. West Germany & West Berlin are democratic

E. East Germany & East Berlin are communist

F. Berlin is in East Germany

II. Crisis in BerlinA. Berlin Airlift (1948)

1. Stalin blockade Berlin2. Western Allies airlift food in 3. Stalin ends blockade 11 months later

B. Berlin Wall (1961) 1. built to divide East from

West Berlin2. Anyone caught trying to go

from East Berlin to West was shot

3. Wall is symbol of Cold War

III. Democratic Alliance-NATO

A. North Atlantic Treaty Organization

B. Western Europe

C. Support each other if ever attacked

D. “An attack on one is an attack on us all”

IV. Communist Alliance-Warsaw Pact

• U.S.S.R. and it’s 7 satellite states

• Defensive alliance

• To defend against NATO

Cold War Map

Who will be victorious?