intro chinese communist 2014

Slide 1

Revolution in Chinaand Communist China

(How does this compare with the Russian Revolution and Stalin’s

Soviet Union)

This presentation relies heavily on a power point created by Dan McDowell. Teaching Point, ©2003

Slide 2

Background

• Manchu / Qing Dynasty maintained limited power while other nations held major concessions in the 20th century.

Slide 3

QING DYNASTY FELL• Rural & urban

workers, nationalists, communists, and intellectuals protested against the government.

• The dynasty fell in 1911 and a weak provisional government took its place.

• 1911 – 1925 Chinese Republic

Slide 4

CIVIL WAR 1925-1937• After the provisional government of the

Republic failed, the NATIONALISTS led by Chiang Kai-shek, the COMMUNISTS led by Mao Zedong, and various WARLORDS began a CIVIL WAR for control of China

Slide 5

Mao Zedong

• Led the army in developing guerilla warfare tactics to fight the Nationalists and later the Japanese

Slide 6

1937 – Japan invaded China• Communists &

Nationalists fought the Japanese “separately together”.

• Communists were more effective in their guerilla war against the Japanese.

Slide 7

Civil War Continued 1945-1949

• The West supported the Nationalist Army and the USSR sent some support to Mao

Slide 8

Communist Victory

1949 • the Communists

founded the People’s Republic of China.

Slide 9

China under Communism• Foreigners were

kicked out• Redistribution of land

by the government• Industrialization

began• Women gained power

Slide 11

Slide 12

Slide 13

Mao consolidated power• Many who were

nationalists, upper-class, or dissidents were imprisoned in forced labor camps or killed.

Mao Zedong“Communism is not love.

Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy.”

“The danger of democracy lies in the fact that it wrecks the Communist Party organization and weakens or even completely undermines the Party's fighting capacity.”

Slide 15

Social Class Changes• Wealthy upper class

(including ruling aristocracy) was removed.

• Landowning class was destroyed.

• Intellectuals attacked

Slide 16

Great Leap Forward 1950s-• Mao’s government took

control of all the land.• Started “back yard

industrialization”

Great Leap Forward

• The plan failed miserably – famine caused over 20 million deaths in rural areas, steel production dropped drastically.

BOTH USSR and CHINA

• Totalitarian government and leader– TOTAL control of all of the gov, econ, culture

• LAND collectivization /Industrialization• “gains” in industrialization & women’s status• Millions of political “opponents” imprisoned

and/or executed• Millions died in famines• U.S. and its allies are enemies

Slide 18