international survey project women in management by imd international search and consulting
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International Survey ProjectInternational Survey Project
“Women in Management”“Women in Management”
by
IMD International Search and ConsultingIMD International Search and Consulting
Participating countriesParticipating countries
• Australia
• Austria
• Belgium
• Czech Rep.
• Denmark
• Finland*
• France
• Germany
• Hungary
• Italy
• Poland
• Spain
• Sweden
• Switzerland
Number of respondentsNumber of respondents
1234
IMD
2
* Finland has been excluded from the report for methodological reasons
Section ASection A
Your opinion as a representative of Your opinion as a representative of your organizationyour organization
IMD
Average percentage of women in the management positions
1. Tier : top-management
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
4
Average percentage of women in the management positions
2. Tier : middle management
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
5
Average percentage of women in the management positions
3. Tier : lower management
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
6
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
General Management
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
7
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Financial Controlling / Accountancy
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
8
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Data Processing / IT / Information Services
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
9
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Marketing
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
10
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Sales
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
11
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Purchasing and Supplies
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
12
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Personnel / HRM
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
13
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Production / Manufacture
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
14
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Quality management / -control
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
15
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Research and Development
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
16
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Legal Department
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
17
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Public Relations
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
18
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Customer Service
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
19
In which part of the organization are women in management positions ?
Others
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
1. Tier 2. Tier 3. Tier
IMD
20
Is there a specific function or department in your company that is dedicated to the professional development of women?
The answer is yes.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
21
Are there any development programmes for women in your organization?
The answer is yes.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
22
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Company kindergarten / Organization of child minding
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
23
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Flexible working time
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
24
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Job sharing arrangements
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
25
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Part-time working
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
26
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Flexibility with regard to the location of the workplace
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
27
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Mentoring-Programme
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
28
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Career development Programme
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
29
Available development programmes for women in the organization
Others
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
30
Why is there no development programmes for women ?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
Due to costs Policy decision Others
IMD
31
Section BSection B
Your personal view
Why in your opinion are there not more woman in management positions in your organization?
It is due to corporate culture: in the past priority was given to recruiting men
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
33
Why in your opinion are there not more woman in management positions in your organization?
It is a matter of business/ activity sector (not enough women applicants or candidates)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
34
Why in your opinion are there not more woman in management positions in your organization?
The female applicants were not sufficiently "career motivated"
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
35
Why in your opinion are there not more woman in management positions in your organization?
The "male dominated culture" acted as a barrier or deterrent
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
36
In your opinion would you wish to see more women in management positions?
The answer is yes.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
37
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Because women have natural leadership abilities
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
38
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Because women encourage a communicative culture
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
39
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Because women contribute to improving the interpersonal climate in the organization
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
40
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Because women who are able to match job/ career and private life are highly motivated
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
41
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Because women bring creativity
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
42
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Because heterogeneous teams (male and female members)
are more efficient than homogeneous
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
43
For what reasons do you wish to see more women in management positions?
Other reasons
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
44
Which measures of assistance are worthwhile in your view in order to support the position of women in management?
Mentoring-Programmes
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
45
Which measures of assistance are worthwhile in your view in order to support the position of women in management?
Specific career planning
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
46
Which measures of assistance are worthwhile in your view in order to support the position of women in management?
Integration in special interest groups / membership of networks / clubs
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
47
Which measures of assistance are worthwhile in your view in order to support the position of women in management?
Creating of an ideal, women friendly environment, e.g. kindergarten, organization of child minding
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
48
Which measures of assistance are worthwhile in your view in order to support the position of women in management?
I do not believe special assistance programmes are necessary
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
49
What is your opinion of the introduction of quotas for women in your company?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
worthwhile measure little value: leads to mediocrity it is not necessary
IMD
50
Do you consider the positive discrimination in favour of women (that means preference for women) for management positions to be worthwhile?
The answer is yes.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S PL S
IMD
51
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
TEAM PLAYER
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
52
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
COMMUNICATIVE ABILITY
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
53
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
YOUNG “CAREER - WOMAN”
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
54
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
TARGET ORIENTATED
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
55
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
ENDURANCE
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
56
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
“UNFEMININE”, MASCULINE
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
57
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
RESILIENT / STRESS RESISTANT
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
58
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
ORGANIZATIONAL TALENT
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
59
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
POWER SEEKING
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
60
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
SOFT
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
61
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
DIPLOMACY
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
62
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
TOLERANCE
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
63
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
SINGLE, CHILDLESS
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
64
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
DETERMINED, DOGGED
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
65
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
EMANCIPATED
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
66
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
Which “picture” do you associate with women who are in management positions?
MODEST
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
67
strongly matches
no match
partially matches
The higher the bar, the more likely the respondents are to associate the feature with female manager
How did those women managers known to you achieve their current positions?
They had a mentor / they were targeted for promotion
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
68
How did those women managers known to you achieve their current positions?
They had a well functioning network
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
69
How did those women managers known to you achieve their current positions?
Due to their outstanding personal profile (e.g. specialist knowledge, personality)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
70
How did those women managers known to you achieve their current positions?
There was no competitive recruitment or no direct competitors / candidates
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
71
How did those women managers known to you achieve their current positions?
On the ground of their feminine attributes
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
72
How did those women managers known to you achieve their current positions?
As the result of a quota for women policy
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
73
Do you consider a national legal right or legal framework for women returning to employment following maternity leave to be reintegrated into management positions as sufficient?
The answer is yes.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
74
Assuming that your wife / partner also has plans would you then be prepared to reduce or alter your own career goals?
NOTE: Only males answering
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
Yes No Would be dependent upon who had better chance of achieving high earnings
IMD
75
n/a
Has the career of your wife or partner had any influence upon your own career development?
NOTE: Only males answering
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
Yes No Not married / no partner
IMD
76
n/a
Was it positive or counterproductive influence?
NOTE: Only males answering who stated YES in the previous question
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
Positive Counterproductive
IMD
77
n/a
Would you be prepared to work under a woman as your manager?
The answer is yes.
NOTE: Only males answering
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
IMD
78
n/a
Section CSection C
Statistical InformationStatistical Information
Sex
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
Male Female
IMD
80
Age groups
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
under 40 40 - 4445 - 49 50 and older
IMD
81
Respondent’s position in the organizational hierarchy
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
First tier / Top management Middle management Low management
IMD
82
Number of employees in the company
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
under 200 200 - 499 500 - 4999 more than 5000
IMD
83
Turnover figure of the company (in Euro)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A AUS B CH CZ D DK E F H I PL S
up to 25 Mio 25 - 250 Mio over 250 Mio
IMD
84
n/a
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