inter succes partnerships

Executing successful partnerships with NASA -International Partners’ Perspectives

ESA Remarks

2010 NASA PM Challenge9-10 February 2010, Galveston, Tx

Andreas DiekmannESA Washington Office

955 L’Enfant Plaza SW – Suite 7800 – Washington, DC 20024Tel: (202) 488 4158; Email: andreas.diekmann@esa.int

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Launchers

Earth Observation

HSF + human exploration

Science + robotic exploration

Navigation

Technology

Telecom

Approved programmes per field of activity

Basic Activities

• 2000 staff + 2000 on-site contractors• Strong international orientation (internally + externally)• Research and Development Agency -> Operations handed over to operators

(Arianespace, Eumetsat,..)

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

EC + others

ESA Decided in 2008

ESA Decided before 2008

ESA Science & Basic Activities

ESA Budget - Funding SourcesM€

European public space players

nationalSpace agencies ESA

ESAPrograms

NationalSpace

programs

ESACouncil

EUCouncils

SpaceCouncil

European Space Policy

ESA/EC co-funded:Galileo, GMES

FP7, other

space-related activities

18 ESA Member States 27 EU Member States

national Inter-governmental supranational

History of NASA-ESA/ Europe space cooperation

• March 1959: US offer to European scientists to fly experiments on US satellites

• 1960ies: Close relations between NASA and ESRO

• 1969: NASA offers Europe to participate in post-Apollo activities (Shuttle, Space Station) -> resulting in Spacelab (Shuttle cooperation did not materialise)

• 1983: First ESA astronaut on Space Shuttle (STS-9 Spacelab)

• 1984: President Reagan’s invitation to participate in Space Station Programme

• 1990ies: Cooperative science missions (SOHO, Ulysses, Hubble)

Current NASA-ESA space cooperation

• International Space Station

• Space exploration (human, robotic)

• Space Science (Cassini/Huygens, Hubble, JWST,…)

• Earth Science (joint search for new cooperation opportunities)

• Space Transportation (recent MoU)

• Space Situational Awareness (exchange of info)

Peculiarities of NASA-ESA space cooperation

• NASA is ESA’s most significant cooperation partner (in terms of history and volume of cooperation).

• ESA/European space engineering and management culture is based on NASA model.

• In many cases, there is long continuity of personal contacts between ESA and NASA programme and project managers.

• ESA is much smaller than NASA. Therefore, (a) NASA mostly in leadership role, (b) the prominent mode of cooperation so far: contributions to each others missions; new trend: more integrated cooperation.

Ingredients of a successful cooperation –from a project manager’s view (1/ 2)

• “Collaboration in a project should be like a marriage, not like a business contract” – in terms of demands on trust, transparency and credibility – “surprises” to be avoided.

• Nevertheless, early, clear and detailed formulation and documentation of the project baseline (programmatic, technical and management) and establishment of mechanism to control that baseline.

• Early and clear definition of inter-Agency interfaces (minimize the number and complexity of interfaces!)

• Regular and frequent communication.

Ingredients of a successful cooperation –from a project manager’s view (2/ 2)

• Recognition/Acceptance of differences in the processes of ESA and NASA – do not invent specific processes just for the specific project (however PM see need for “common processes and standards”).

• Joint teams are important, but should not result in blurring of the responsibilities of each partner.

• International cooperation requires the involvement of various capacities on both sides in addition to project management (e.g. external relations, legal service). Good communication and careful distribution of roles are important.

Conclusions• There is a strong cooperation heritage and fundament –

often manifested in trustful and long-lasting personal relationships between project managers on both sides.

• Programmatic decisions can sometimes complicate or disrupt matters.

• The future may show – more integrated cooperative programmes/projects (not just a

“contribution-mode” of cooperation). – More partners in a project (intern., commercial, academia)

This may pose new challenges for project managers.• Our PM cultures are similar. This should help overcoming

those challenges.

Executing Successful Partnerships

With NASA

An International Partner’s Perspective:

Lessons Learned

2010 NASA PM Challenge

Galveston, TexasGraham Gibbs

Counsellor Space Affairs - Canadian Space Agency

Canadian Embassy

Washington

February 9, 2010Used with Permission

OUTLINE• Overview Canada-United Civil Space Cooperation

• The Big Picture

• Space Science and Earth Observation

• International Space Station Lessons Learned for PMs

• Applying Lessons Learned to International Exploration

• Conclusions

ATTACHED: A more detailed version of the presentation

Executing Successful Partnerships with NASA

Canada – United States Civil Space Cooperation

• Human Space Flight (Shuttle & ISS)

• Astronaut Corps (Cdn astronauts embedded at JSC)

• Life & Microgravity Science (Shuttle & ISS)

• Earth Science and Observation (Instruments & RADARSAT)

• Astronomy (JWST and Cdn MOST)

• Heliophysics (THEMIS & International Living With a Star)

• Exploration (Mars Phoenix & MSL et al)

• Earth Science & Observation (RADARSAT)

• Ice Monitoring & Cooperation with the

Canadian Ice Service (RADARSAT)

The Big Picture Lessons LearnedFrom the Private Sector:

The best agreements;

Might be difficult to negotiate

but don't have to be referred to later.

Fair (profitable) for both/all parties.

From the Public (Space) Sector: Be prepared for national prerogatives,

Understand differing cultures,

Accept the risks as well as the benefits,

Funding; consistency & no-exchange,

Be prepared to seek compromises.

Space Science and Earth Observation 1 of 2

Some Realities to Consider - Positive and Negative

International collaboration among scientists,

International Announcements of Opportunity –

most often competitive,

Projects usually on no-exchange-of-funds basis,

Obligations subject to "availability of appropriated funds",

Barters e.g. launch-for-data

Partners responsibilities are deliverables -

not financial investment,

Agreements legally binding or

political/morale commitments,

Data sharing,

National Security interests –

technology transfer, data policies etc.

ISS Lessons LearnedImplications for Project Managers

Managing the classical parameters (cost, schedule, performance)

is no longer sufficient

Must manage through political changes that can/will have

fundamental impact on program

Diplomatic skills are essential to the "first among equals" concept

International cooperation takes considerable extra time & effort

Flexibility and understanding are essential

Applying Lessons Learned to International Exploration of Space

We will not be able to identify every contingency in advance so

structure for cooperation must allow for flexibility.

High-level political leadership may be necessary to garner

international support/participation e.g. the ISS & GEO examples.

Recognize the many similarities in partners plans/aspirations for

exploration.

Exploration beyond Earth orbit is an intrinsically global enterprise.

International partnerships provide tangible benefits

e.g. broadening public & political support, sharing cost & risk,

enrich scientific & technical content, sustainability.

Conclusions• Agreements should be mutually beneficial and binding

• Expect to share the risks as well as the benefits

• Expect to compromise

• Appreciate differing cultures, methods, national prerogatives

• Cooperation most often on a no-exchange of funds basis

• Barters work

• Partners responsibilities are “deliverables” not financial

• Be prepared to manage through political changes

• Cooperation can be hard but going alone can be harder

• Be a reliable and welcomed partner

• US ITARS – live with it !!

• NASA is a generous partner (though at times difficult!)

Thank You

Graham Gibbs

Canadian Embassy

graham.gibbs@asc-csa.gc.ca

www.asc-csa.gc.ca

Executing Successful Partnerships

With NASA

An International Partner’s Perspective:

Lessons Learned

2010 NASA PM Challenge

Galveston, TexasGraham Gibbs

Canadian Embassy

Washington

February 9, 2010

HANDOUT

OUTLINE• Overview Canada-United Civil Space Cooperation

• The Big Picture

• Space Science and Earth Observation

• International Space Station

• Group on Earth Observations

• The Global Exploration Strategy and the International Space Exploration Coordination Group

• Conclusions

Canada – United States Civil Space Cooperation

• Human Space Flight (Shuttle & ISS)

• Astronaut Corps (Cdn astronauts embedded at JSC)

• Life & Microgravity Science (Shuttle & ISS)

• Earth Science and Observation (Instruments & RADARSAT)

• Astronomy (JWST and Cdn MOST)

• Heliophysics (THEMIS & International Living With a Star)

• Exploration (Mars Phoenix & MSL et al)

• Ice Monitoring & Cooperation with the

Canadian Ice Service (RADARSAT)

The Big Picture Lessons LearnedFrom the Private Sector:

The best agreements;

Might be difficult to negotiate

but don't have to be referred to later.

Fair (profitable) for both/all parties.

From the Public (Space) Sector: Be prepared for national prerogatives,

Understand differing cultures,

Accept the risks as well as the benefits,

Funding; consistency & no-exchange,

Be prepared to seek compromises.

International collaboration among scientists,

International Announcements of Opportunity –

most often competitive,

Projects usually on no-exchange-of-funds basis,

Obligations subject to "availability of appropriated funds",

Barters e.g. launch-for-data

Partners responsibilities are deliverables -

not financial investment,

Agreements legally binding or

political/morale commitments,

Data sharing,

National Security interests –

technology transfer, data policies etc.

US Initiative-January 1984 (State of Union Address)

A Cold War demonstration of U.S. leadership and alliances

From Cold War instrument into post-Cold War cooperation

All partners now providing "critical elements" instead of

"enhancements"

Specific contributions – some duplication

Shared Operations

Long Term Science

"Single" Destination in Space

Evolution of the ISS and Its Partnership

Anticipate the Unexpected !

Structure of the ISS Partnership

Intergovernmental Agreement:

• Legal Regime

• Top-Level Political Commitments

• Multilateral (15 nations)

NASA/CSA NASA/ESA NASA/GOJ NASA/FSA

Memoranda of Understanding:

• Detailed Implementation

• Roles & Responsibilities

• Obligations & Rights

IGA Art. 1: "…, under the lead role of the United States for overall

management and coordination …"

Implementing

Arrangements

ISS Lessons LearnedImplications for Project Managers

Managing the classical parameters (cost, schedule, performance)

is no longer sufficient

Must manage through political changes that can/will have

fundamental impact on program

Diplomatic skills are essential to the "first among equals" concept

International cooperation takes considerable extra time & effort

Flexibility and understanding are essential

Washington, D.C.

July 31, 2003

Launched at the Ministerial Level:

Political Support and Commitment is Essential for any Mega Project

EARTH OBSERVATION SUMMIT I

Health

EcosystemsDisasters

Climate

Agriculture

Biodiversity

Weather

Energy Management

GEO Societal Benefit Areas

Global Exploration Strategy: The Framework for Coordination

• August 2006, 14 space agencies discussed the

definition of a vision for globally coordinated space

exploration.

• May 2007, release of

What is the Global Exploration Strategy?

• A high-level compelling story of the value of exploration that can be

used to explain this effort to policy makers and the general public

• A blueprint that will serve as a starting point for:

– Coordination: coordination among participants to maximize what

can be accomplished

– Collaboration: discussions between participants regarding areas

of potential collaboration

The strategy focuses on

destinations within the solar system

where humans may one day live and work

Applying Lessons Learned to International Exploration of Space

We will not be able to identify every contingency in advance so

structure for cooperation must allow for flexibility.

High-level political leadership may be necessary to garner

international support/participation e.g. the ISS & GEO examples.

Recognize the many similarities in partners plans/aspirations for

exploration.

Exploration beyond Earth orbit is an intrinsically global enterprise.

International partnerships provide tangible benefits

e.g. broadening public & political support, sharing cost & risk,

enrich scientific & technical content, sustainability.

Conclusions• Agreements should be mutually beneficial and binding

• Expect to share the risks as well as the benefits

• Expect to compromise

• Appreciate differing cultures, methods, national prerogatives

• Cooperation most often on a no-exchange of funds basis

• Barters work

• Partners responsibilities are “deliverables” not financial

• Be prepared to manage through political changes

• Cooperation can be hard but going alone can be harder

• Be a reliable and welcomed partner

• US ITARS – live with it !!

• NASA is a generous partner (though at times difficult!)

Back-Up Charts

Factors Contributing to Canada’s Success with NASA

Examples of Niche Contributions

Factors Contributing to Our Success

• Recognition: Canada - small space faring nation

• Ability to "identify" & "nurture" S&T niches

• Focus on areas where Canada excelso Develop world-class expertiseo Unique leadership and contributiono Desired and valued partner

• Deliberate & focused investments

• Anticipate the future through advanced R&D

• “Space Team Canada” approach i.e. govt, industry, academia

EARTH OBSERVATION

RADARSAT- 1 • Launch for data arrangement with NASA and NOAA• Nov 1995 to May 2008• Data for National Ice Service• Data for NASA, NOAA and USGS research• 1999 first mapping of Antarctica

RADARSAT- 2• Public-Private-Partnership• Some data sharing between

Canadian and U.S. Ice Service• Opportunities for joint research

RADARSAT-CONSTELLATION• Studies underway• Preliminary discussion for cooperation with NASA, NOAA and USGS

ASTRONOMY

HELIOPHYSICSCanadian Ground segment

James Webb Space TelescopeU.S. with ESA and CSA instruments

CSA: Fine Guidance Sensor

(critical for pointing)

Tuneable Filter Imager

CSAMOST

CSA Cassiope

ePOP instrument

THEMIS

MOST Canada's "Humble" Space Telescope!

Opportunities for U.S. Guest Principal Investigators

HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT

The Early Beginnings of Canada's Human Space Flight Program

• 1969 NASA approached Canada and Europe to join the Shuttle program

• 1969- 1975 technical studies led to Canadarm

• 1975 Canada-US Agreement:

• Canada to fund R&D and 1st flight unit

• US to buy 3 flight units

• US responsible for R&O

• Canada granted privileged access to Shuttle

• 1981 1st flight of Canadarm

• 1983 Canadian astronauts corps established

• 1984 1st Canadian astronaut mission

HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT

HUMAN SPACE

FLIGHT

Criteria for Canada’s Participation in Exploration

Contributions• Early, Scalable,Transferable• Critical, Visible and Welcomed

Decision Criteria

• Visible to the Canadian Public• Meets Canadian science goals• Uses Canadian enabling/heritage technologies• Develops sustainable core competencies• Results in Canadians flying in space• Consistent with the Global Exploration Strategy

- International Partners’ Perspectives

YOSHInori YOSHImura

JAXA Washington Office

Feb. 9, 2010

@NASA PM Challenge 2010

JAXA Organization and Resources

President

Policy Coordination Technical Management

Executive Directors

Total Personnel1670

Annual Budget199 B yen (2 B US$)

As of April 2009

Admin. Management

Aviation

Program Group

Inst. of Space &

Astro. Science

Aerospace R&D

Directorate

Transportation

Mission

Directorate

Human Space

Systems and

Utilization

Mission

Directorate

Lunar &

Planetary

Exploration

Program Group

Applications

Mission

Directorate

Environment Observation

Disaster Monitoring

Satellite Navigation &

Communication

Contribution to

Realization of

“Safe and Secure Society"

Space Science

Lunar and Planetary

Exploration

International Space Station

Challenge to

Unknown Frontier

Independent Ability for Space

Activity

Contribution to Aerospace Industry

Research &

Development

Outline of the 2nd Mid-term Plan

(2008-2013)

Two major areas of activities in the 2nd Mid-term Plan

• Contribution toward a secure and prosperous society

– to place a special emphasis on

(1) Global environment observation

(2) Disaster monitoring and communication

(3) Navigation by satellites

• Expansion of human frontiers– to utilize Kibo (Japanese Experiment Module) of ISS as

a new platform for space activities of Japan and other countries;

– to promote space science program with a special emphasis on the fields which Japan possesses advantage;

– to formulate a Moon and planetary exploration program for the future.

Project Overview of the 2nd Mid-term Plan

H-IIＢlaunch vehicle

H-ⅡTransfer Vehicle（HTV）

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

（GOSAT）

To Contribute towardindustry needs using fundamental

ISS/Japanese Experiment Module

(JEM) Kibo

Venus Climate Orbiter

（PLANET-C) Radio Astronomy

Satellite （ASTRO-G）

1st Quasi-Zenith Satellite

Global Precipitation Measurement

Satellite/Dual-frequency

Precipitation Radar (GPM/DPR)Precipitation

Global Change Observation Mission-Water（GCOM-W）

Moisture

Greenhouseeffect gases

Contributions toward a Secure and Prosperous Society (R&D)

Development of Advanced Technologies

Advanced Solid Rocket

GPS Availability enhancement

・Performance enhancement

Global Change Observation Mission-Climate（GCOM-C）

Cloud Aerosol RadiationMission/Cloud Profiling Radar

(EarthCARE/CPR)

Cloud/Aerosol

Environment

International Space Station（ISS）

Space ScienceSpace Explorer

Int‟l Mercury

ExplorationProject

（BepiColombo)

Space Transportation

Next Generation SST

Aeronautics

Successor of SELenological and

ENgineering Explorer (SELENE)

KAGUYA

Successor of Asteroid Explorer

(HAYABUSA)

Navigation Satellite

Expansion of Human Frontiers

LNG Propulsion System(GX Rocket)

X-ray Astronomy Satellite （ASTRO-

• International cooperation between the United States and Japan started in 1969, when "The Japan-U.S. Joint Communiqué" on cooperation in space development was signed.

• Since then, JAXA has been participating in international projects, many of which are led by NASA. This includes the International Space Station as well as Earth Science, and Space Science missions.

International Cooperation with USA

Current Cooperative Projects with NASA1. ISS Cooperation

• Japanese Experiment Module “KIBO” and HTV/H2-B• ISS Development, Operation and Utilization

2. Space Exploration Cooperation (exploring future opportunities)• International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG)

3. Earth Science Cooperation• Aqua (AMSR-E), TRMM, DAICHI(ALOS), IBUKI (GOSAT), GPM , GCOM• Decadal Survey Missions & GEOSS (exploring future opportunities)

4. Space Science Cooperation• Fermi, HINODE, SWIFT, NOZOMI, ASCA, ASTRO-H, KAGUYA, SUZAKU,

HAYABUSA, HALCA, GEOTAIL• Astrophysics & Planetary Science & Heliophysics

Cooperation Levels:– Level 0: Information & Data Exchange (Earth & Space Science)– Level 1: Payload Provision (Earth & Space Science)– Level 2: Joint HW Development (TRMM,GPM, etc.)– Level 3: Joint Program (ISS)

Maintaining a close partnership with NASA has become indispensable for JAXA

• Almost all JAXA programs and projects involve some level of cooperation with NASA.

• JAXA uses almost identical development process and technical standards with NASA.

Please note that:

• JAXA covers almost same areas of activities as NASA does but with 1/10th the amount of resources (in terms of budget and JAXA staff).

• When NASA makes changes to its programs, the changes can impact JAXA – quickly and severely!

Lessons Learned (Things that should be done)

• Enthusiasm and tolerance are the key traits to emphasize when one seeks to engage partners and to sustain a partnership.

• Common goals and objectives need to be identified and shared among the partners to align their efforts.

• Cooperation must be based on mutual benefits.• The best leaders are those who lead in a benevolent and reassuring

fashion that supports partners‟ goals.

• An effective partnership is one that emphasizes:– Mutual respect & trust - personal relationships are key– Commitment to meet responsibilities and to the success of the

joint project• High level political endorsement is required to initiate large scale

cooperation programs (e.g. future exploration initiatives).• Public support is the key to sustaining large scale cooperation

program (e.g. ISS and future exploration initiatives).

Lessons Learned (Things to avoid)

• Keep overall program goals (including those of your partners) in mind – not just NASA‟s goals.

• Don‟t try to do everything alone. Consider involving

close partners in „critical path‟ roles (e.g. JAXA‟s

provision of the HTV for the Space Station). • Avoid making unilateral decisions – try first to indicate a

common path and build a consensus. • Listen to the suggestions of your partners – once in a

while you may learn something!• In managing joint projects, don‟t be „exclusive‟ – try to be

„inclusive‟ whenever you can.

Conclusion

“You can always count on Americans to do the right thing,

after they've tried everything else.”

– Sir Winston Churchill

I hope you do always the right thing… but without

doing everything else!

As the world‟s largest and most successful space agency,

NASA inspires and frequently leads space exploration and space applications programs throughout the world.

Backup Charts

Space Strategy and Organizations

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

Ministry of the Environment

Space Activities Commission (SAC)

Cabinet OfficeCouncil for S&T Policy (CSTP)

* Headed by Prime Minister

Space Panel

Cabinet

Ministry of Internal Affairs & Communications

The SpaceBasic Law

(May 2008)

Cabinet SecretariatThe Strategic Headquartersfor Space Policy

The Space Basic Plan

JAXA Mid-term Plan

Japan’s Space Basic Law was enacted on 26 May, 2008.Pillars of the Law are Diplomacy on Space, Industrial Development, and Security

Secretariat of Strategic Headquarters for Space Development was established on 26 August, 2008.set up in the Cabinet Secretariat as the governmental space development management office.

Space Basic Plan will be established in May 2009 approved by the Prime Minister.

Review and modify the HQs for Space Policy, JAXA, and SAC within the next year

Basic Space Law of Japan

Outline of Basic Space Law ✔ Peaceful Use of Space

Promotion of Space Development and Utilization in line with international

agreements for space activities.

(i.e. Space Development and Utilization shall be carried out pursuant to the treaties and other

international agreements on space development and utilization in accordance with the idea of pacifist

principles in the Constitution of Japan.)

✔ Improvement of Citizens' Lives, etc.

Utilization of Satellites contributing to Improvement of Citizens’ Lives, National

Security, etc.

✔ Promotion of Industries

Ensuring Autonomous Launch Capability Satellites, etc.

Promotion of Private Businesses on Space Development and Utilization

Maintenance and Improvement of Reliability of Technologies on Space

Development and Utilization

✔ Development of Human Society

Promotion of Space Science to contribute to realizing dreams of, and the

betterment of lives for, humankind.

✔ Promotion of International Cooperation, etc.

Promotion of International Cooptation for contributing to enhancing Japan’s role

in the international society and to the furtherance of Japan’s interests.

✔ Consideration of Environment Preservation

Promotion of Space development in harmony with the Environment,

and Ensuring International Cooperation on preservation of the Environment.

JAXA Tokyo Office

JAXA Field Centers

Tsukuba Space Center

Aerospace Research Ctr.

Okinawa T & C Stn.

Earth Observation Ctr.

Sagamihara Campus

Kakuda Space Ctr.

Katsuura T & C Stn.Usuda Deep Space Ctr.

Kagoshima Space Center

Noshiro Testing Ctr.

Ogasawara Downrange Stn.

Reason OfficesWashington, DC, USA

Huston, TX, USA

Paris, France

Bangkok, Thailand

JAXA Budget Trend

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

ＩＳＡＳ

Establishment of JAXAOctober, 2003

JAXA Budget for FY 2009

Ratio for each field of program in JAXA Budget from GOJ

(Total : \192.5B)

※ Budget was increased 2.6% from FY2008 (Total \187.5B)

$1= \100Total : $1.925B

$179M $411M$92M

$312MSpace Applications

Space Technology

Space Science Others ReliabilityImprovementProgram

Space Flight And Operations

ISSKIBO/Japanese Experiment Module

•KIBO means “hope” in Japanese

•JAXA’s share of Utilization and Operation= 12.8% (in US Segment)

- Unmanned cargo transfer spacecraft that will deliver up to 6 tons of supplies to ISS

- Key space transportation system technology of Japan together with the H-IIB launch

vehicle

- Successfully launched on Sep. 11, 2009 and disposed on Nov.1, 2009

ISSHTV (H-II Transfer Vehicle)

HTV (Image) HTV (Proto-flight model)December 25, 2008

HTV-JAXA and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD (MHI) are jointly

developing H-ⅡB in order to launch HTV and to increase international competitiveness by providing wider range of launch capacity.

-H-IIB has 2 liquid rocket engines ( LE-7A) in the first stage-Its first stage body is expanded from 4m to 5.2m in

diameter from H-IIA

H-IIB Launch Vehicle

H-IIA202 H-IIB

289 551

- 16.5

Specifications Length (m)

Mass (t)

Maximum Launch Capacity (t)

Orbit for HTV

Comparison of H-IIA and H-IIB

ISSHTV (H-II Transfer Vehicle)

Internal Standard Racks

After rendezvous flight to the ISS, HTV is docked to the ISS US-side port. The HTV pressurized section is the area where astronauts work for internal cargo transfer.

HTV plays a significant role in ISS operation and utilization

ISS Gyro Batteries

HTV transports external equipments indispensable for sustaining ISS system functions such as attitude control (ISS gyro) and electrical power (batteries); external experiment payloads; large (standard rack size) internal system equipments and experiment payloads; water and food for astronauts.

HTV unique capabilities

HTV launch schedule2011 2012 2013 2014 20152009 2010

One launch per year

Disasters

Energy

Climate Water

Health Weather EcosystemsAgriculture Biodiversity

9 Societal Benefit Areas

10 year Implementation Plan

Global Earth Observation System of Systems

(GEOSS)

To monitor the distribution of the density of

carbon dioxide, etc. and contribute to the

activities for the prevention of global

warming. Monitoring at 3-day intervals.

“IBUKI” was successfully launched on

Jan.23, 2009 (JST) and is now carried out

the initial calibration and validation

operations including comparing IBUKI data

and data acquired on the ground, confirming

the data accuracy, and making

compensations based on the data.

Greenhouse gases observing satellite（GOSAT）

Current terrestrial observation points

(257points)

GOSAT’s observation points (standard mode：56,000

points)

“IBUKI”GOSAT

Successfully DeployedThe photo taken by FGAN, Germany

GPM(Global Precipitation Measurement)

-NASA and JAXA are working together to build and launch the GPM Core Satellite

-The core is the central precipitation-measuring observatory of GPM

Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR)

a high-resolution, multi-channel passive microwave (PMW) rain radiometer known as the

GPM Microwave Imager (GMI)

-The Core will also serve as the calibration reference system for a constellation of support

satellites.

To continue global-scale observations of sea water temperatures and soil water, etc.

for the purpose of elucidating the global climate change and water circulation

mechanisms.

The Advanced

Microwave Scanning

Radiometer 2

Climate change observation satellite

（GCOM-C)

Water cycle observation satellite

（GCOM-W)

Distribution of sea ice in

north polar region

24 September 2007（the smallest on record）

Distribution of

sea ice on 22

September

Monitoring of vegetation change

Precipitation

Sea surface

temperatures

Soil water

amounts

Sea ice

vegetation

sea surface

temperatures

clouds,

aerosol

Land surface

temperature

seawater

Snow depths

Vegetation index during

growing season is low

Autumn 2005 Autumn 2006

wheatland

Crops yields of wheat was reduced

by half in 2006 because of dry

weather.Vegetation index

highlow

Global Change Observation Mission

(GCOM)

multi-wavelength

optical

radiometer

【scheduled to be launched in the period

of the 2nd Mid-term Plan】

International Charter - Space and Major Disasters

to provide a unified system of space data acquisition and

delivery to those affected by natural disasters through

Authorized Users

to support the provisions of the Charter

to help to mitigate the effects of disasters on human life and

property

JAXA joined in February 2005

Space Science and Space Explorer

-Fermi

-HINODE

-SWIFT

-NOZOMI

-ASTRO-H

-KAGUYA

-SUZAKU

-HAYABUSA

-HALCA

-GEOTAIL

Lunar Explorer

「KAGUYA」

- To obtain data and information necessary for elucidating the Moon’s origin

and its evolution as well as for exploring the possibility of utilizing the Moon

in the future.

- To Acquire core technologies relating to the full-scale exploration of the

Moon in the future.

- Launched Sep. 14, 2007, nominal operation during December 21, 2007 –

October 30, 2008, extended operation till early summer, 2009.

- Collaboration with NASA for KAGUYA tracking for critical operation, KAGUYA

data delivery for NASA LRO/LCROSS and future lunar mission planning,

and KAGUYA data promotion and public outreach.

KAGUYA has 15 missions and observes the Moon from a lunar polar orbit at the altitude

of 100km.

3D image

by Terrain Camera

KAGUYA

Touch-down and Lift-off

from Asteroid surface

Asteroid Explorer

Hayabusa

Demonstration of the technology needed for sample return from asteroid, using electric

propulsion, autonomous navigation, material sampling in small gravity field, and direct re-

entry from interplanetary orbit.

Launch on May 2003

Touch-down and Lift-off from Asteroid on Nov. 2005

Earth return on Jun. 2010

JPL supports telemetry, command, tracking operation, and orbit determination in critical

phases such as launch, earth swing-by, rendezvous with asteroid, and Earth reentry.Roundtrip between Earth and

Asteroid

Earth return on June 2010

HAYABUSA

inter succes partnerships

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