integrated institutions for integrated solutions
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Integrated Institutions for Integrated Solutions
Professor Greg Marsden
Institute for Transport Studies
University of Leeds
Institute for Transport Studies FACULTY OF EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT
title style Integration
• Strategic
– between policies for different modes
– between policies on infrastructure, management, information and pricing
– between transport and land use
• Operational
– interchanges
– fares, service levels, information
title style Transport for London
• Its main role is to implement the Mayor's Transport Strategy for London and manage transport services across the Capital for which the Mayor has responsibility. Services include: – London's buses – London Underground – Docklands Light Railway (DLR) – London Overground – Tramlink – London River Services – Victoria Coach Station
• Other roles include – Managing the Congestion Charge – Maintaining 580km of main roads and all of London's traffic lights – Regulating the city's taxis and private hire trade – Dial-a-ride, Taxicard and travel for mobility impaired – Promoting a range of walking and cycling initiatives
title style Transport for London and the Boroughs
• 95% of the road network is managed by the Boroughs
• Local Implementation Plans and grant funding
title style London Key Statistics
title style London key statistics
title style Importance of funding certainty
• 5 year funding settlement from central government
title style Income vs expenditure
Source: TfL Business Plan
title style Integration of Land-Use and Transport
• New regeneration sites
• Borrow against Community Infrastructure Levy
title style Innovation in Financing
title style Incentives for efficiency
• Incentives are there to save so can borrow and reinvest
• £294m of savings in 2014/15
• £1bn of engineering savings from Cross Rail
title style Role of local accountability
• Annual business plan
• Annual performance reporting
• GLA scrutiny committee
title style A site of national innovation
Source: The Guardian – Graham Robertson Source: TwoWheelsGoodFourWheelsBad.blogspot.com
Source: www.jeremyjacobs.com Source: The Guardian – Daniel Berehulak
title style 4 critical governance dimensions
• Strategy
• Coordination and Legal Status
• Delivery
• Funding and Finance
title style Governance Reforms - Manchester
• 10 districts – Greater Manchester Combined Authority
• Comprised of 33 elected members from the Districts - but not ‘directly accountable’
• Transport for Greater Manchester – Strategy – Full control
– Coordination and legal status – Legal entity, partial coordination (buses, rail)
– Delivery – all non-rail major schemes
– Funding and financing – With more limits than London
title style Scale
title style And there is not a Mayor...
title style Governance Reforms – Kuala Lumpur
• 20 years in the discussion
• Reform done at national level as laws not really configured for regional body
• Core capacities also held nationally
• Led by Prime Minister (initially)
• Tackled corruption in licensing system
Source: www.exploration-online.co.uk
title style Governance Reforms – Kuala Lumpur
• Governance reform (SPAD)
– Strategy – Full control (but unwilling partners) and planning filter
– Coordination and legal status – Legal entity, partial coordination (licensing)
– Delivery – oversight
– Funding and financing – Largely held by other central government departments
Source: www.exploration-online.co.uk
title style Governance Reforms - Bangalore
• UMTA established to access funds from national government
• No legal status
• Politically unappealing position
• No technical capacity
• Existing agencies lost none of their funds or delivery remit
• Easy strategies possible but no major changes
• Other governance reforms hang over UMTA
title style Governance Reforms - Bangalore
• Reforms
– Strategy - partial
– Coordination and legal status – weak and no powers
– Delivery – none
– Funding and financing – through other agencies
title style Some concluding thoughts
• Integrated solutions to cross-cutting problems • Key elements of effective institutional frameworks
– Strategy – Coordination and Legal Status – Delivery – Funding and Finance
• Governance reforms are a process • First stage of the process is critical
– Integration of remit important – strategy owner – ‘Long-term’ funding settlements – Financial freedoms – Joint funder status
• Democratic accountability – facilitator • Technical and financial capacity - important
title style
Thank You
G.R.Marsden@its.leeds.ac.uk
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