installing ubuntu linux
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Installing Ubuntu LinuxCSCI 140 Fall 2008Action Lab
Dr. W. Jones
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Introduction What is Linux
Linux is an operating system
Linux is FREE
Linux is perfect for software development
Many common IDEs and compilers are FREE
Linux is perfect as a SERVER
Web, email, ftp, NFS file, application Linux is NOT great for 3D gaming
Not many titles are released for Linux
There are many distributions of Linux
Ubuntu, RedHat, Fedora, Debian, Suse, Gentoo, Slackware, etc
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Installing Ubuntu
There are many ways to install Ubuntu. Some (common
ways) require resizing and re-partitioning your hard drive.
Since youve probably already got Windows XP or Vista
running on your laptop, a fast and safe(er) way to install it
is by installing it from the CD as the directions that follow
prescribe.
First, boot into Windows and place the CD in the drive. If
it does not autorun, go to the drive in My Computer for
example, and double click on it.
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After Booting into Windows
1. Click on Install Inside Windows 2. You have to choose a potential sizeof the file system you want to have
access to after Ubuntu is installed. Id
recommend around 8GB. No less than
3. Enter you CCU userid, but you may
want to use a different password. Then
click Install.
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After Initial Installation
Click Finish to Reboot Now. It is VERY important that you allow your
computer to completely reboot into Windows first before trying to enter
Ubuntu. Gracefully shutdown Windows, and then after BIOS post, select
Ubuntu from the bootloader.
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After BIOS Post Youll See
Again, make sure that after the initial install, you let Windows completely
reboot and then gracefully shutdown before selecting Ubuntu onsubsequent boots.
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Menus FireFox
Networking
After Logging Into Ubuntu Youll See
Now we should do some initial configuration
The Panel
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Adding Widgets to the Panel
Right-click on the
panel, and click Add to
Panel
I personally like:
Frequency Scaling
Battery MonitorSystem Monitor
Weather
WorkSpace Switcher
Screen Lock
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After Adding Widgets Youll See
HINT: You can configure many widgets by right-clicking on them.
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Check Out Whats In the Menus
Just look around and see the names of what isthere.
Well be needing a terminal later, so go to:Applications AccessoriesThen move the mouse over Terminal andLEFT-CLICK and click Add to Panel
Now might be a good time to get on thenetwork
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Getting On the Network
Click on the network icon
and select CCUUnwired.
If this is not available, your
wireless chipset may not be
easily supported by
Ubuntu. Try connecting your
laptop to a wired Ethernetconnection.
As you laptop connects, youll see
some animation here.
After successfully connecting to
wireless, you should see:
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Adding New Free Software
Synaptic is one way of
searching for and
adding new software.
It can be found in:
System
Administration
Synaptic
Youll need you password to access this
feature
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Installing the Sun Java SDK
In Synaptic, do a search for Sun Java
Scroll down and look for sun-java6-sdk
Click the box and click Mark for Installation
Then click Apply in Synaptic, and then Apply again
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Lets Download a Linux-type Zip File
Linux often uses a tar.gz file type toagglomerate and compress multiple files
You may need to set the preferences inFirefox to ask you for a save locations. (youllwant to specify where to save files)
Go to: http://ww2.coastal.edu/wjones/linux Save the hello.tar.gz file to
/home//
Then open a terminal using this icon you
installed on the panel.
http://ww2.coastal.edu/wjones/linuxhttp://ww2.coastal.edu/wjones/linux -
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Unzipping the file
Once the terminal appears, you should be able totype ls at the command prompt and see your files.
Keep in mind, Linux has all the same abilities to usethings like explorer and other GUI interfaces inWindows using point and click, but for the sake oflearning something new, were doing it this way.
You should see the file: hello.tar.gz
At the prompt, type tar xvfz hello.tar.gz You can use the tab key to quickly spell out the rest
of the name for you, type typing just the first coupleletters of the filename and then press tab.
Now, press enter.
Now type ls again, what do you see now?
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Changing Directories (Folders)
Type cd hello
This switches you to the hello subdirectory Do another ls, what do you see?
There are many linux commands, dont worryif you feel a little overwhelmed at first
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Compiling a Java program
Type javac hello.java, press enter
Do an ls what has now appeared in thedirectory?
To run the java program, type java hello,
press enter.
Check out the java code on the next slide:
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What Does This Code Do?
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Try Passing a Command-line Parameter
Type java hello John
Type java hello 10
What seems to be the case?
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Now For Some More Fun
Go to the synaptic package manager
Search for chromium Install it
Run it by going to
ApplicationsGamesChromium
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OpenOffice
A FreeAlternative to MSOffice
From Ubuntu Menu at top left of screen: Goto:Applications Office OpenOffice Word Processor
After it opens, type out a short test memo and save it as a MS Word97/2000/XP file (using the File menu)
In Firefox, login to your CCU webmail and email yourself a copy ofthe file. Later in Windows, see if you can open the file. Does it lookthe same?
In OpenOffice, try exporting the file as a PDF (in the File Menu)
From Ubuntu Menu at top: Goto: Places Documents Find theexported PDF of the test memo. Double Click on it.
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PDFs Continued
What application opened the PDF document?
Hint, after it opens, goto Help About in that application
What if I want to use Acrobat Reader?
It doesnt seem to be in the Synaptic Package Manager.
(search for adobe or acrobat). Thats because Acrobat
Reader in not in one of the repositories that come loaded
in Ubuntu due to legal reasons. To add this repository,
goto:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Medibuntu
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Adding New Repository From the
Command Line
Folllowing the directions on that site:
Open a terminal and type:
sudo wget
http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/hardy.list -O
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list
Then type:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install medibuntu-keyring && sudo apt-get update
(These lines can be copied/pasted by highlighting the
string in the browser, and then using the middle mouse
button in the terminal)
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Finish Installing Acrobat Reader
After that is done, reopen Synaptic, and do a reload.
You may get a message about Medibuntu not being
authenticated. Accept it.
Then search foradobeand select acroread. Applythis, and install it.
In a new terminal (or in the one that was already
open type rehash), type acroread
This should open acrobat reader.
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Reopen PDF in Acroread
Double-click on the test memo in Places Documents
Does it open in acroread?
So, right-click on the document icon, and select withopen with application
If acrobat is not listed there, we need to browse to it
on the HDD. Where would it be? Open a terminal and type: which acroread
That will tell you the path
Navigate to this location under the browser, and nowit will open with acroread.
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Gimp
GNU Image Manipulation Program
Want to edit images, make transparent GIFs, logos?
Something like paintshop?
Goto: Applications Graphics Gimp
(Keep in mind, Gimp is a complex piece of software)
Goto FileNewImage
Accept default options
Draw in the image.
Goto: File Save As
Look at all the types of files Gimp to export to.
Much more than MS Paint!
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Built-in Calculator
Applications Accessories Calculator
Once that is open, goto: View Scientific Check out all the included functions, and
bases.
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Set a Screen Saver
Goto: System Preferences Screensaver
Check out whats available. I like MatrixView
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Windows Network
Check out: Places Network
Click on the Windows Network Is there anything there?
At home, if you have file and printer sharingon a Windows machine enabled, you can
connect to it from Ubuntu.
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Killing a Process
Got an application hung or the CPU is alwaysat 100%, you may need to kill a process.
Can be done from command-line, but:
Goto: SystemAdministrationSystemMonitor
Open Firefox in an adjacent workspace Locate the firefox process in the System
Monitor.
Kill it
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Evolution
An MS Outlook-like Client
Goto: ApplicationsInternetEvolution Mail
Use your CCU email address
Email Server Type is IMAP
Server address is mail.coastal.edu
Plain Text Login
Outgoing Server is imap.coastal.edu
Plain Text Password
After the configuration is done, restart Evolution andenter password, and you should see your email!
Send a test email to and from your email at CCU and see
if you see it in Evolution
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