injuries to the thigh, leg, and knee skeletal injuries soft tissue injuries
Post on 25-Dec-2015
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SKELETAL INJURIES
• SKELETAL INJURIES SUCH AS:
• Femoral Fracture
• Patellar Fracture
• Dislocation of the Knee (tibiofemoral joint)
SOFT TISSUE INJURIES• SOFT TISSUE INJURIES SUCH AS:• Thigh Contusion• Thigh Strains• Inflamed Bursae• Patellar Dislocation/Subluxation• Osgood-Schlatter Disease • Jumper’s Knee• Menisci Injuries• Knee Ligament Injuries (mcl, acl, pcl, and
lcl)
FRACTURED FEMUR• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• - Pain at the site of injury
• - Difficulty moving affected leg
• - Swelling and/or deformity may occur
• - More than likely a one-trauma acute injury
• - The athlete will tell you they felt a SEVERE snap or pop at time of injury
FRACTURED FEMUR• FIRST AID CARE• Be prepared to treat the athlete for shock if
necessary. Keep victim warm w/ blankets.• Medical staff will splint the injured leg with a
traction splint• Apply sterile dressing to any open woundsP.R.I.C.E!!• Medical staff will monitor vital signs and
circulation to lower leg• Call ambulance immediately!!
FRACTURED PATELLA-”Kneecap Fracture”SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: - SEVERE pain at fracture site - “Catching” or locking of knee - Tenderness when pressing kneecap
against underlying bones - Numbness and coldness beyond
fracture site if blood supply is impaired
FRACTURED PATELLAFIRST AID:Keep person warm with blankets to
decrease shock risk.Cut away clothing. DON’T move the
injured knee to remove clothing!Medical staff will immobilize the hip
joing and ankle joint before transport.P.R.I.C.E!!Call ambulance immediately!
DISLOCATED “KNEECAP”SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:A feeling of the knee “giving way”EXCRUTIATING pain in the knee at the time of the
injury!Complete loss of function in kneeVisible deformity in knee if locked in dislocated
positionTenderness and swelling over entire kneeNumbness below dislocation from pressure or
pinching of blood vessels
DISLOCATED “KNEECAP”FIRST AID MEASURES:Keep person warm to decrease shock possibilityCut away clothing if possible. Don’t move injured
areaImmobilize the knee, hip and ankle joints with
padded splintsP.R.I.C.E.Call Ambulance Immediately!The doctor will realign the dislocated bones with
surgery or withoutThis should be done as soon as possible!
THIGH CONTUSIONSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:Swelling of the ThighPain and Tenderness in the thighDiscoloration of the skin, BLACK AND BLUE
HAMSTRING STRAINAn injury to the hamstring tendon.Mild Strain: Slightly pulled muscle.No loss of strength Moderate Strain: Tearing of fibers of muscle,
tendons, or attachments to boneStrength is diminishedSevere Strain: Rupture of muscle, tendon,
bone attachment with separation. Severe strain requires surgery.
HAMSTRING STRAINSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:Pain when moving or stretching the legMuscle spasm of injured musclesSwelling over the injuryWeakened legCrackling feeling and sound when injured
area is pressed with fingers
KNEE EXPLAINED
• http://www.sports-injury-info.com/knee-anatomy-video.html
KNEE BURSITISBURSA: A small fluid-filled sac located in many
parts of the body to help reduce friction between bony surfaces.
INFLAMMATION OF A BURSA IN THE KNEE.Varying degrees of bursitis: Mild pain to
Excruciating PainThere are bursas in the knee in the following
areas: In front and behind kneecap On both sides of the knee
Behind the kneeJust above the knee
KNEE BURSITISSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:Pain, especially when moving the kneeTendernessSwellingRednessLimitation of motion in knee
THIS CONDITION USUALLY OCCURS OVER TIME
TREATENT FORKNEE BURSITIS
ICE MASSAGE:
Take a styrofoam cup, fill it with water and freeze it.
Cut opening on bottom of cup and massage area for 15 minutes. 3-4 times daily
After 72 hours apply heat to injured areaHot soaks, showers, heating padsElevate as much as possible.
KNEE CARTILAGE INJURYMENISCUS INJURY
DAMAGE TO CARTILAGE IN THE KNEE AT THE TOP OF THE TIBIA
Usually accompanied by dislocation or ligament sprains.
KNEE CARTILAGE INJURYMENISCUS INJURY
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:
Pain and Tenderness in the knee, especially when bearing weight
Locking of the knee joint“Giving way” of the knee“Water” on the knee (sometimes)
KNEE CARTILAGE INJURYTREATMENT
FIRST AID MEASURES:Keep person warm to decrease shock
possibilityCut away clothing if possible. Don’t move
injured areaImmobilize the knee, hip and ankle joints
with padded splintsP.R.I.C.E.Call Ambulance Immediately!
COLLATERAL and CRUSCIATELIGAMENT
INJURIES
One of the more common injuries to knee ligaments in sports is a SPRAIN to the collateral ligaments.
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTINJURY
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)THE MOST COMMONOccurs when opponent is blocked or hits the
athlete’s leg and knee from outside.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:Athlete reports knee was forced beyond limit.Pain at site of injurySwellingFeeling of UNSTABLE KNEEMay have heard SNAP or POP!
LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTINJURY
Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)Occurs when opponent is blocked or hits the
athlete’s leg and knee from inside.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:Athlete reports knee was forced beyond limit.Pain at site of injurySwellingFeeling of UNSTABLE KNEEMay have heard SNAP or POP!
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENTINJURY
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)Occurs when athlete makes a very quick cut on a hard
surface, gets hit from behind, or when the femur gets pushed backward while the tibia is being held in place (contact sport situation)
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:Athlete reports knee was forced beyond limit.Pain at site of injurySwellingFeeling of UNSTABLE KNEEMay have heard SNAP or POP!
MCL, LCL, AND ACLTREATMENT
FIRST AID MEASURES:Keep person warm to decrease shock
possibilityCut away clothing if possible. Don’t move
injured areaImmobilize the knee, hip and ankle joints
with padded splintsP.R.I.C.E.Call Ambulance Immediately!
OSGOOD-SCHLATTERS
A disease typically a problem at the junction of the patellar tendon and the tibial tuberosity in the adolescent athlete.
There must be a growth plate at the site of the tibial tuberosity. Unique to young adults and children.
Constant jumping creates a pull of the patellar tendon and it’s attachment at the tibial tuberosity causing inflammation and swelling just below the patella.
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