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Infrastructure Connectivity: Thinking big, Starting Small

Feng LI, Associate ProfessorChina Foreign Affairs University

lifeng@cfau.edu.cn

Infrastructure Connectivity: Thinking big, Starting Small

One Importance1

Two Features2

Three Challenges3

Four Efforts4

1 One Importance

Priority for development

1 One Importance

Chinese: Build roads before you get rich.

1 One Importance

Top one Importance of InfrastructureEconomic growthPoverty reductionSocial employments… …

Infrastructure: precondition for connectivityHigh Quality: guarantee for connectivity

2 Two Features

2.1 Unbalance

2.2 Insufficiency

2 Two Features

2.1 Unbalance

Different countriesDifferent types of infrastructure

2 Two Features

2.2 Insufficiency

3 Three Challenges

3.1 Physical Connectivitydifferent standards

3.2 Institutional Connectivitydiverse policies

3.3 Financinghuge gap

3 Three Challenges

3.1 Physical Connectivitydifferent standards

The EN EurocodesJapanese Industrial StandardsChinese Standards… …

(incompatibility of rail gauges in different countries)

3 Three Challenges

3.2 Institutional Connectivitydiverse policies

Border crossings and customs proceduresLack of harmonized regulatory frameworkTrade barriers

3 Three Challenges3.3 Financing

huge gap

4 Four Efforts

4.1 Recognition of diversification

4.2 Communication & coherence

4.3 Effective financing

4.4 Quality & sustainability

4 Four Efforts

4.1 Recognition of diversification

Seek common points while reservingdifferences

Fully respect national attributesSuccess of ASEANLessons from TPPProgress in BRI & RCEP

4 Four Efforts

4.2 Communication & coherence

Market AccessTrade Facilitation AgreementSingle window

Pre-establishment national treatment & negative list

4 Four Efforts

4.3 Effective financing

Lean, Clean, Green (AIIB)PPP

4 Four Efforts

4.4 Quality & sustainability

4 Four Efforts

4.4 Quality & sustainability

e.g. Jakarta-Bandung High Speed RailwayChina Railway ExpressPort of Piraeus