influence of empowerment and job enrichment on employee loyalty in downsizing environment
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National University Of Modern Languages
Research methods for business
Presentation on research article
Presented to : Mrs. Humaira Hamid
Presented by: H. M. Nouman Riaz
“The influence of empowerment andjob enrichment on employee loyaltyin a downsizing environment”
by:BRIAN P. NIEHOFFKANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
ROBERT H. MOORMANCREIGHTON UNIVERSITY
GERALD BLAKELYJACK FULLERWEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
CONTENTS
• Problem Statement
• Literature Review
• Theoretical Framework
• Hypothesis
• Research design
• Methodology
Problem Statement
“to examine the degree to which empowering behaviors of managers and job enrichment are positively related to the loyalty of downsizing survivors”
LITERATURE REVIEW
Empirical studies have supported a positive relationship between empowerment and loyalty or commitment. Fulford and Enz (1995) found that perceived empowerment showed a significant and positive relationship with loyalty among service employees in private clubs
CONT. ….Empowerment, however, is also a job-altering process—empowering employees means either the content or context of the job has changed (Ford& Fottler, 1995).
Hackman and Oldham (1976) theorized that an enriched job is one that has more variety, identity, significance, autonomy, and feedback.
Hypothesis• H1: there is direct and significant
relationship between empowering managerial practices and loyalty behaviors among employees.
CONT…• H2: there is indirect relationship
between empowering managerial practices and employee loyalty as mediated by job enrichment as defined by perceived job characteristics.
RESEARCH DESIGN• Purpose of Study
Hypothesis Testing
• Type of Investigation
Causal Study
• Extant of researcher’s interference
Minimal interference
POPULATIONMobilink telecom Inc. Lahore that had been downsized and restructured before six years
TARGET POPULATION
306 employees of mobilink
(working from at least last six years in business centers and technical departments of mobilink situated in Lahore)
SAMPLING TECHNIQUESimple Random sampling
DATA COLLECTION METHODQuestionnaire (contained measures of loyal boosterism, job characteristics and empowerment)
RESPONSE RATE41.8% (80 complete questionnaire)
OPERATIONALIZATION OF VARIABLES
• Loyal boosterism was assessed by five items drawn from the organizational citizenship behavior scale developed by Moorman and Blakely
CONT.…
• Task characteristics were measured by the Job Diagnostic Survey developed by Hackman and Oldham
CONT.…..
• empowerment scale consisted of 15 items that included a variety of behaviors that a manager would exhibit in an empowering situation
DATA ANALYSIS
to hypothesize a mediated relationship between empowerment and loyal boosterism, path analysis using LISREL 8 (Jöreskog & Sörbom, 1993) was used to assess the significance of the paths between the variables
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