impact of transit signal priority (tsp) on bus travel ... · introduction ! transit signal priority...
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IMPACT OF TRANSIT SIGNAL PRIORITY (TSP) ON BUS TRAVEL
TIMES, LATE BUS RECOVERY, DELAY AND LEVEL OF SERVICE (LOS)
Presenter: Sotonye Ikiriko1, Deo Chimba1
College of Engineering, Tennessee State University, Nashville TN 37209 USA
21st June 2018
Introduction ! Transit Signal Priority (TSP)
" A strategy to Speed up Transit Vehicle Movement
! Benefits " Boost Transit Movement Without
undue Impact on other Road Users " Reduce Bus Bunching " Improve Transit (bus) Schedule
Adherence " Reduce High Auto Dependency " Expand Mobility Choices " Improve Transit ridership " Reduce Energy consumption, green
house Gases and other Pollutants
2
Principle of TSP Operation ! Components
3
" Transit vehicle
detection system
" Communication system
" Traffic signal control system
Why TSP? ! Nashville is fast growing
" According to Randall Gross everyday 85 people come into Nashville
! High traffic congestion
! Poor bus serviceability
! Poor Schedule Adherence
! Transit unattractiveness " According to David Hartgen only
1.5 to 2.5% of Nashville Residents use Transit
4
Study Corridor
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! Gallatin Pike corridor ! 12.3 miles Long ! An arterial roadway ! two lanes in each direction ! continuous left turn lane ! 48 signalised intersections ! 104 posted bus stops
Modelled Section of Gallatin Corridor ! 1.83 Miles Long ! Two lanes in each Direction ! Continuous left turn lane ! 9 signalized Intersection ! 7 bus stops in each direction
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Research Objectives Evaluate the impact of TSP on; ! Transit operation " Bus Schedule Adherence in Terms of Late bus
recovery at bus Stop level " Bus Travel Time Reduction " Mainline and Side Street Delays
! Intersection Level of Service (LOS)
7
Methodology ! Microsimulation Software Selection
" VISSIM ! Data collection
! Origin Destination (OD) Matrix Estimation and Validation " Principle of Conservation Of Vehicles
! Base Model Development in VISSIM ! Base Model Calibration and Validation
" Alternative Concept " TSP " VAP code: Green extension and Red truncation TSP strategies
Data Collection ! Roadway Geometry
" Intersection Layout " Lane Configuration " Bus Stop location and Types
! Traffic Data " Turning Movement Count(TMC) " General Traffic Travel Time
! Transit Data " Speed Profile " Bus travel Time " Boarding and Alighting Count " Ridership " Schedule Adherence
! Traffic Control Data " Signal Timing and Phasing Plans
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Base Model Development ! Corridor Geometry
! Connectors ! Urban Motorised Driving
Behaviour " Wiedemann 74 car
following Model ! Vehicle Composition ! Desired Speed Distribution ! Public Transportation Stops ! Public Transportation Line
10
Dynamic Assignment In VISSIM
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Base Model Calibration and Validation ! OD Matrices Calibration
! Speed Calibration " Simulated and Observed
Speed (PE < 5%)
! Travel Time Validation " Simulated and Observed
Travel Time (PE < 15%)
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PE=Percentage Error
TSP Signal Logic Implementation
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! Passive Priority " It allocates more green time
to approaches having higher bus flow than it would for others ! Active Priority
" Green Extension " Red Truncation
! Vehicle Actuated Programing (VAP) Code " Signal Timing and Phasing Plans
TSP Signal Logic Implementation in VAP Code
Bus Detector 75m from signal
Signal Head
Bus Detector 75m from signal
Minimum Recall Detectors
Gap out Detectors
Bus Stop
OD Matrix Calibration and Validation Results
y = 1.3672x - 1.9452 R² = 0.8569
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Est
imat
ed (V
eh\h
r)
Observed (Veh\hr)
OD Matrix Validation
y = 0.9661x - 2.1964 R² = 0.9984
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Sim
ulat
ed (V
eh\h
r)
Estimated (Veh\hr)
OD Matrix Calibration
Impact of TSP on Main Line Travel Time
EB= Eastbound, WB= Westbound
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
EB WB EB WB EB WB EB WB
Bus Car HGV All Vehicles
Aver
age
Trav
el T
ime
(Sec
)
MainLine Vehicle Types
Main Line Travel Time Measurement
Base Base + TSP
Impact of TSP on Main Line Vehicle Delay
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
EB WB EB WB EB WB EB WB
Bus Car HGV All Vehicles
Vehi
cle
Del
ay (s
ec)
Main Line Approach
Main Line Vehicle Delay Base Base + TSP
Late Bus Recovery at Bus Stop Level
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Stop 1 Stop 2 Stop 3 Stop 4 Stop 5 Stop 6 Stop 7 Stop 1 Stop 2 Stop 3 Stop 4 Stop 5 Stop 6 Stop 7
PT Line 1 PT line 2
Lat
enes
s (Se
c)
PT lines and Bus Stops
Late Bus Recovery
Base Base + TSP
PT Line = Public Transportation Line
Impact of TSP on Side Street Vehicle Delay
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
NB SB NB SB NB SB NB SB NB SB NB SB NB SB NB SB NB SB
Alta Loma Unnamed River Gate Pkwy
Cude Ln Shepherd Hills
Conference Dr
Liberty Ln North Side 2284-2282 TN-6
Vehi
cle
Del
ay (S
ecs)
Intersection Approach
Side Street Delay Comparison
Base Base + TSP
SB=Southbound, NB=Northbound
Significance of TSP on Side Street Delay Group Statistics
Scenario N Mean Std. Deviation
Std. Error Mean
Delay Base 64 48.9344 21.25447 2.65681
Base + TSP
64 55.2509 20.20847 2.52606
Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed)
Mean Difference Std. Error
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
Delay
Equal variances assumed 0.215 0.643 -1.723 126 0.087 -6.31656 3.66601 -13.57148 1
Equal variances not assumed -1.723 125.68 0.087 -6.31656 3.66601 -13.57166 1
Overall Corridor Performance In Terms of Level of Service
Intersection
Name
Intersection Delay & LOS
Base LOS Base + TSP LOS % Increase % Reduce
Alta Loma 27.3 C 31.1 C 14.0
Unnamed 21.5 C 21.5 C 0.2
Rivergate 34.1 C 42.4 D 24.3
Cude Lane 21.3 C 23.3 C 9.2
Shepherd Hills 20.9 C 21.4 C 2.2
Conference Dr 24.8 C 26.1 C 5.1
Liberty 17.1 B 17.9 B 4.6
North Side 17.7 B 18.5 B 4.4
2284-2282 TN-6 8.0 A 8.0 A 0.1
All Intersection 21.4 C 23.3 C 8.0 0.1
Conclusion • TSP will reduce bus travel time by about 5% to 10% • Reduce Travel time for other vehicles utilizing the priority
approach by about 5.8%
• Reduce bus delay by about 11% to 23% • Reduce delay for other vehicles utilizing the priority
approach by about 11.6%
• Reduce bus lateness by about 34.16% • Increase Side Street Delay by about 15.9%
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Thank You For Listening Any Questions?
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