ifrf totem 46, 21-22 november 2019 pisa, italy
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KIT – Die Forschungsuniversität in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Institut für Technische Chemie (ITC)
www.kit.edu
Assessment of Alternative
Thermal Waste Treatment Technologies with
focus on Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert
IFRF TOTeM 46, 21-22 November 2019
Pisa, Italy
ITC 2 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Outline
I. Studies overview
II. Thermochemical Processes
III. Possibilities for process evaluation
IV.Examples for the different process types
V. An evaluation approach for mixed waste(MSW)
VI.Techno-Economical Assessment for Chemical
Recycling of plastic waste fractions
VII.Conclusion
ITC 3 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Project Teams
1.) Alternative Thermal Waste Treatment Technologies
Japan Consult
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert
Dr. rer. nat. Jürgen Vehlow
Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Karl Thomé-Kozmiensky
Dipl.-Volksw., Dipl.-Geogr. Ralf
Georg Eyssen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Quicker
RWTH Aachen
for UBA / Germany
ITC 4 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
und
BKV GmbH
Mainzer Landstr. 55
D–60329 Frankfurt
PlasticsEurope AISBL
Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4/3
B-1160 Brussels
prepaired for
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dieter Stapf
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert
M.Sc. Manuela Wexler
Projectpartner for Analysis of the plasic waste:
2.) Thermal Processes for Chemical
Recycling of Plastic Waste
ITC 5 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Projects goal
Evaluation of the state-of-the-art for
Alternative Thermal Waste Treatment Processes
Evaluation of therm.Processes for chemical recycling of plastic waste
Thematic focus
Mixed residual waste
Plastic waste fractions
Geographical focus
Europe (esp. Germany) and Japan
Method
Extended international literature study
Survey with questionnaire and interviews with suppliers and operators
Site visits in Germany (partly with product sampling)
Projects Overview
ITC 6 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Thermochemical Processes
ITC 7 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert
High Temperature Processes
0 1 2
0
500
1000
1500
Stoichiometry
λ
T/°C
Te
mp
era
ture
allothermal
Gasification autothermal
Gasification
lean
Combustion
1250
750
Combustion
Pyrolysis
Gasification
ITC 8 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification of Thermochemical Processes
Allothermal
Gasification
VTC 180-250
H2O Steam
Partial
Oxidation //
Autothermal
Gasifiction
0,2… l …0,5
Total
Oxidation //
Combustion
1… …2,5 l
Plasma Processes
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1.000
1.100
1.200 …
Heat Addition of H2O Addition of O2 T [°C]
(Drying)
Torrefaction
LTP <500
MTP 500-800
HTP >800
Pyrolysis
Autothermal Conditions
2.000 – 10.000 Electricity
Liquefaction
TDH 150-200 HTC 170-250 HTU 250-350
HTV 600-700
H2O flüssig
H
2O überkritisch
Allothermal Conditions
ITC 9 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification of Alterantive Thermal Waste Treatment Processes
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 10 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Possibilities for Process Evaluation
ITC 11 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Development Status (VDI 3460)
DS Criteria Requirements
1
Plant/process Bench-scale tests, assessment of material and energy balances
Input/output materials Descriptive analysis of input and output materials (quality/quantity)
Market potential Assessment of market potential of a full-scale plant based on bench-scale test results
Scale-up Description of risks and opportunities of a scale-up, design of a pilot plant
2
Plant/process Steady-state operation of a pilot plant, material and energy balances
Input/output materials Analysis of input and output materials, discussion of input materials
Market potential Prediction of market potential of a full-scale plant
Scale-up Description of the technical conditions for a scale up, design of pilot plant
Operation Assessment of potential operating problems
3
Plant/process Stead-state operation of a pilot plant over a prolonged period, emission measurements,
validation of the material and energy balances derived from pilot-scale testing
Input/output materials Testing of the process-specific products for their environmental relevance and utilisation options
Market potential Description of market potential of a full-scale plant
Scale-up Technical and economic interpretation of the results related to a full-scale plant
Operation Assessment of expected run time, plant availability and service life of a planned full-scale plant
4
Plant/process Normal operation of a full-scale plant over a period of one to two years,
confirmation of material and energy balances, emission values
Input/output materials Demonstration of the suitability of the plant for the planned input materials, marketing potential
Market potential Validation of capital and operating costs (business plan)
Operation Demonstration of availability and runtime
5
Plant/process Normal operation of full-scale plant over several years, assessment of environmental relevance of the
process and plant
Input/output materials Demonstration of disposal of input materials, demonstration of the marketing of products
Market potential Traceable description of capital and operating costs over several years
Operation Optimisation of resource and energy efficiency, availability and runtime, e.g. by engineering, management
and/or logistical measures
5
4
3
2
1
ITC 12 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Complexity and Benefit of the Process
Characterization
Conversion
volatiles
Pyrolysis
Conversion
Fixed carbon
C-Gasification,
„Burn-out“
Thermal Process
Required Pretreatment
Benchmark: WtE
Dry
ing
Com
paction
Conditio
nin
g
Cru
shin
g
Fe r
ecovery
NF
re
covery
Sla
g v
itrifiva
tio
n
Oth
er
pro
ducts
Energ
y u
tiliz
ation
Benefit & Products
Process A
Process B
Additional effort Benefit
ITC 13 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Examples for some Processtypes
ITC 14 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 15 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Contherm Pyrolysis Hamm, Germany
Pyrolysis – Upstream Process
Verbindungsleitung
Pyrolyse - Kraftwerk
5 DS
Pyrolysis 500 °C
Co-incineration of gas and
external conditioned coke
in hardcoal boiler
RDF Input
ITC 16 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 17 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Siemens Schwel-Brenn process / MES R21
Pyrolysis – Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
3 DS
5
Pyrolysis 500 °C
Combustion > 1.300 °C
Pyrolysis drum
Vitrified slag
ITC 18 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 19 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Pyrolysis Burgau, Germany
Pyrolysis – Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
5 DS
Pyrolysis 500 °C
Combustion 1,300 °C
Coke with
NF-metals
Sorted out furniture
ITC 20 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 21 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Energos
Gasification – Part of Staged Combustion Processes
1 Rohabfall-Bunker
2 Schredder
3 Metallabscheider
4 Polypgreifer-Kran
5 Brennstoffbunker
6 Einfülltrichter
7 Primärkammer zur Vergasung
8 Nachbrennkammer
9 Dampfkessel
10 Kalk- und Kohlesilo
11 Gewebefilter
12 Silo Abgasreinigungsrückstand
13 Saugzug
14 Kamin
15 Bettaschelogistik
16 Dampfturbine
17 Luftkondensator
RDF input
5 DS
Gas combustion in secondary
chamber (900 -1,100 °C)
Gasification /understoichiometric
combustion on the grate (900 °C), l = 0,5
ITC 22 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 23 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Envirotherm: CFB-Gasification Rüdersdorf, Germany
Gasification – Upstream Process
Input #2
Ash rich mineralic
Residues
Input #1
RDF
5 DS
Circulating fuidized bed gasification
(900-950 °C )
Gas to calciner of cement kiln
(900-900 °C )
Solid residues
to raw meal mill
ITC 24 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 25 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Nippon Steel
Direct Melting Systems (DMS)
Gasification – Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Addition of
5-10 wt.-% Coke
and Lime
5 DS
„Air“ with O2 content
of 36 % 1,800 °C
940 °C
ITC 26 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 27 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
SVZ Fixed bed gasification, Germany
Gasification – Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
5 DS
1,000-1,300 °C
Raw gas to
methanol plant
Pellets Briquettes
Oxygen
ITC 28 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Classification
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Plasma processes
Liquefaction
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Part of Staged Combustion Processes
Upstream Process
Sub-Step of Combustion/Melting Processes
Stand-Alone Gasification (Syngas Production)
Sub-Step for Gas Syngas Treatment
Sub-Step for Slag Vitrification
Stand-Alone Pyrolysis
ITC 29 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Diesel West Ennigerloh, Germany
Liquefaction
0 ES
„Start-up“ oil
Catalytical tribochemical
Conversion at 320 °C
ITC 30 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
An Evaluation Approach
ITC 31 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Evaluation
Complexity
Erfolgt im thermischen Prozess
Optional erforderliche Vorbehandlung (je nach Edukteigenschaften)
Optional erzeilbarer Nutzen (z.B. durch Aufbereitung und Verbrennung von Pyrolysekoks, nachrüstbare Metallabscheidung)
xxx Erfolgt in nachgeschalteter Anlage
CONTHERM 5Kessel Kohlekraftwerk
Siemens Schwel-Brenn / MES R21 5) 3/5 235 DM 1998
Burgau 5 199
Energos 11) 5 60-70
Envirotherm/Rüdersdorf 9) Zuschlag 5 30Drehrohr Zementwerk
SVZ-Festbettvergasung 5
JFE Gasifying and Direct Melting System 6) 5
AlterNRG (Westinghouse) GT 4 75-110 8)
C.H.O. Power (Europlasma) 3
Dieselwest 0 200
Tro
ckn
un
g
Ko
mp
akti
eru
ng
1)
Au
fber
eitu
ng
2)
Zer
klei
ner
un
g
En
ergi
ever
sorg
un
g
Fe-
Ab
sch
eid
un
g
NE-
Ab
sch
eid
un
g
Ver
glas
un
g Sc
hla
cke
Wei
tere
Pro
du
kte
3)
Entw
ickl
un
gsst
ufe
(lau
t V
DI
34
60
)
Beh
and
lun
gsko
sten
(H
ers
tell
era
nga
be
n)
Verfahren T K A Z NRG Fe NE V P ES €/Mg
MVA
Thermisches Hauptverfahren
Entgasung Vergasung C-Fix
ZUSATZAUFWAND BEHANDLUNGSTIEFE & NUTZEN
WtE
ITC 33 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Evaluation for Mixed Residual Waste (MSW)
Interesting fields for alternative thermal processes
Upstream processes in connection with cements kilns, power plants etc.
Treatment of special fractions, e.g.
- with high pollutant content (e.g. chlorine)
- very low/high heating values
- high ash content
Achievement special features, like vitrified slag
Problematic applications
? Stand alone facilities with no inertization / no product usage
? One-step low temperature processes with high effort for product treatment
ITC 34 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Selection of Processes Suitable for Plastic Waste Criteria, procedure, results
October 2018
35 Gasification Processes
4 Gasification & Melting Processes
6 Metallurgical Processes
4 Plasma Processes
29 Pyrolysis Processes
6 Liquefaction Processes
3 (4) Gasification Processes:
British-Gas Lurgi (BGL)
SVZ (Schwarze Pumpe, Germany)
Circulating Fluidized Bed
CEMEX (Rüdersdorf, Germany)
bioliq Entrained Flow
KIT (Karlsruhe, Germany)
ThermochemicalConvesion Process
Capacity 1 t/h
TRL 6?
Balance calculable?
Green
Yellow
Red
Red
Black
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Process flow chartcomplete?
WhiteNo
Yes
Scaleability
Data Availability
No
Descriptiveness
Risk / Readyness
FlexibilityPlastic waste and TRL 3?
ITC 35 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019 20.11.2019
ITC 36 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Scope Overview Waste-to-chemicals process chains
for plastic waste-recycling
August 7, 2018
Techno-Economical Assessment
Feedstock
Residual Household Waste
Sorting Residues DS
Shredder residues E+E
Shredder residues from large shredders
Construction waste, incl. EPS/XPS
Feedstock Processing
Mechanical Pretreatment
Pyrolysis
(bioliq plant, Karlsruhe)
Cryogenic Grinding
Thermochemical Conversion
Circulating Fluidized Bed CEMEX, Rüdersdorf
British-Gas Lurgi (BGL) SVZ, Schwarze Pumpe
Entrained Flow
bioliq plant, Karlsruhe
Syngas Processing
Tar Removal
Particles Removal
Gas Scrubbing
Water-Gas Shift
Secondary Filtration (Activated Carbon)
Synthesis Feedstock
MeOH - Synthesis
Steamcracking
Balance Balance Balance
Gasification
ITC 37 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Plastic Waste-to-Chemicals Process Chain
Example: Waste-to-Methanol (general)
mechanical fluidized bed multi-step
pretreatment gasification syngas purification
pretreatment conversion upgrading
CO2, CO, H2, CH4,
tar components,
H2S, HCl, Hg, …
H2:CO = 2:1,
tar free,
contaminats
concentrations
below 0.1ppm, …
Household
collection waste
Gasifier
feedstock Raw syngas
On-spec feed to
methanol synthesis
ITC 38 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Circulating Fluidized Bed CFB Gasification
of Automotive Shredder Residues ASR
Feedstock Fluidized
Bed
Gasifier
Syngas
Oxygen
Steam
Ash
ITC 39 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Syngas Conditioning and Purification
ITC 40 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Gasification of ASR in a CFB-Gasifier
ITC 41 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Gasification of ASR in a CFB-Gasifier
Syngas
mC, total 4.8 t/h *without composites, compounds, …
ASR
mC, total 7.4 t/h
Plastic Fraction ~ 35 wt.-%
mC from Plastic ~ 5.6 t/h*
ITC 42 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Gasification of ASR in a CFB-Gasifier
Syngas
mC, total 4.8 t/h *without composites, compounds, …
ASR
mC, total 7.4 t/h
Plastic Fraction ~ 35 wt.-%
mC from Plastic ~ 5.6 t/h*
Total processing cost
211 €/tASR
ITC 45 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Summary & Conclusions
ITC 46 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Process Overview: Economics** Shredder Residues large shredders (ASR)
**) unit size ca. 100 MW / ca. 15 t/h of ASR
Process Pretreatment Conversion Upgrading
Total
processing
cost
Revenues*
[€/tASR] [€/tASR] [€/tASR] [€/tASR] [€/tASR]
Gasification -28 112 127 211 - 97
Pyrolysis -28 152 124 - 86
*) Syngas @ 200 €/t
Naphtha @ 500 €/t
ITC 47 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Process Overview: Economics** Shredder Residues large shredders (ASR)
**) unit size ca. 100 MW
Process Pretreatment Conversion Upgrading
Total
processing
cost
Revenues*
[€/tASR] [€/tASR] [€/tASR] [€/tASR] [€/tASR]
Gasification -28 112 127 211 - 97
Pyrolysis -28 152 124 - 86
*) Syngas @ 200 €/t
Naphtha @ 500 €/t
Processing cost in the range of incineration
market gate fees
ITC 48 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Process Overview: Readiness & Risk Technology Readiness Level TRL
TRL 3: applied research
TRL 5: large scale prototype
TRL 6: prototype system
TRL 7: demonstration system
TRL 8: first of a kind commercial system
TRL 9: full commercial application
Process Pretreatment
Feedstock Conversion
Upgrading
Rawgas / crude
Product
utilization
Fixed Bed
Gasifcation (BGL) 9 8 7
MeOH-
Synthesis
Fluidized Bed
Gasification (CFB) 9 8 - 9 7
MeOH-
Synthesis
Entrained Flow
Gasification (EFG) 5 - 6 6 9
MeOH-
Synthesis
Pyrolysis 9 5 - 6 3 Steamcracker
Economical attractiveness
vs. technology readiness
ITC 49 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Conclusion
Alternative thermal waste treatment processes…
… can make sense in case of
- special framework conditions or regulations (like in Japan),
- special waste fractions (plastic waste, pollutant content, ash content etc.),
- (upstream) in connection with other thermal plants (cement & power plants)
… normally require high effort
- waste pretreatment
- product treatment
- additives (e.g. coke, lime, oxygen)
- of money
… is state of the art for the treatment of
mixed municipal solid waste
Chemical Recycling of plastic waste
- can be economically operated in special processes in the near future
Waste incineration
ITC 50 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert – IFRF TOTeM 46 Pisa,Italy 21./22.November 2019
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Helmut Seifert
Institut für Technische Chemie (ITC)
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
www.itc.kit.de
ProjectReport No. 29217 UBA Germany
Thank you for your Attention!
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