iaea assistance to emerging nuclear countries

IAEA assistance to

emerging nuclear countries

Milko Kovachev Nuclear Infrastructure Development Section

World Nuclear Spotlight Poland

20-21 November 2018

Energy access

~1 B people no access to electricity

2.7 B people rely on biomass

1 B people no health care

due to energy poverty

International Ministerial Conference on

Nuclear Power in the 21st Century

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• Abu Dhabi, UAE,

30 October – 1 November 2017

• Ministers, high-ranking officials

and experts from 68 States and

6 international organizations

• ~700 participants

https://www.iaea.org/events/nuclear-power-conference-2017/programme

Status & Prospects?

4

Concluding Statement of the Conference

(first one in an embarking country)

5 https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/cn-247-president-statement.pdf

Trend 1:

Nuclear Power as a Clean Energy Option

“For many countries, nuclear power is a

proven, clean, safe, and economical

technology. And for many countries, it

can play an increasingly important role

in achieving energy security, reducing

the impact of volatile fossil fuel prices,

and mitigating the effects of both

climate change and air pollution.”

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Nuclear power 2018 – PRIS snapshot

Trend 2:

Public Opinion a Key Variable

8

“The pace of construction of new

nuclear power plants will need to be

stepped up if the world’s future energy

needs, as well as climate change goals,

are to be met. It is difficult to see other

low-carbon energy sources growing

sufficiently to take up the slack if

nuclear power use fails to grow.”

The Industry outlook

Trend 3:

Geographical and Technological Shift

• Centre of expansion in nuclear

power has shifted from Europe and

North America to Asia

• Developing countries are

embarking on nuclear power

• Advanced water cooled reactors

with innovative safety features are

being deployed

• Several small modular reactors

preparing for near-term deployment

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Renewed interest in nuclear

power starting early 2000s

About 30 countries consider

nuclear power for first time

Today:

4 newcomers have already

started construction

2 newcomers are close to

commissioning

4 new operating countries are

emerging

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Expanding nuclear power geography

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CHINA

INDIA

RUSSIA

KOREA, REPUBLIC OF

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

BANGLADESH

BELARUS

JAPAN

PAKISTAN

SLOVAKIA

UKRAINE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ARGENTINA

BRAZIL

FINLAND

FRANCE

TURKEY

# of Reactors Under Construction, 2018

Trend 4:

Need for Policy Integration

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• Investors need clarity and certainty from policy makers

• Governments can provide clear and consistent policy

support for existing and new nuclear power capacity (e.g. by incorporating nuclear power into clean energy incentive schemes and

encouraging its development in addition to other clean forms of energy.)

(OECD/IEA)

2006

2007

10 Years IAEA Milestones Approach for

Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development

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The Story

2007 2015

Milestones Approach

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• Milestones Approach: A phased and comprehensive nuclear power programme management guide creating an enabling environment for successful project

• Time is of key importance

– Phase 1 “Consider”: Understanding and commitment

– Phase 2: “Prepare” Building institutions, legal and regulatory framework

– Phase 3: “Construct” Project contracting, licensing, construction and preparation for commissioning

• Without having a proper institutional, legal and regulatory framework and competent human resources, it is impossible to have sustainable nuclear power programme and successful project

Milestones approach and INIR Service

2007-2018 2007, 2015 (Rev.1) 2008, 2016 (Rev.1) 2009, 2011 (Rev.1), 2017 (Rev.2)

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Observation from INSAG-27:

“…the only mechanisms at present that can look across the totality of the

system are the IAEA Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review service and...”

INIR Missions 2009-2018 1. Jordan (Phase 1) 2009

2. Indonesia (Phase 1) 2009

3. Viet Nam (Phase 1) 2009

4. Thailand (Phase 1) 2010

5. UAE (Phase 2) 2011

6. Bangladesh (Phase 1&2) 2011

7. Jordan follow-up 2012

8. Belarus (Phase 1&2) 2012

9. Viet Nam (Phase 2) 2012

10. Poland (Phase 1) 2013

11. South Africa (Phase 2) 2013

12. Turkey (Phase 2) 2013

13. Jordan (Phase 2) 2014

14. Viet Nam follow-up 2014

15. Nigeria (Phase 2) 2015

16. Kenya (Phase 1) 2015

17. Morocco (Phase 1) 2015

18. Bangladesh follow-up 2016

19. Poland follow-up 2016

20. Kazakhstan (Phase 1) 2016

21. Malaysia (Phase 1) 2016

22. Ghana (Phase 1) 2017

23. Niger (Phase 1) 2018

24. UAE (Phase 3) 2018

25. Saudi Arabia (Phase 2) 2018

26. Sudan (Phase 1) 2018

27. Philippines (Phase 1) 2018 (planned) 16

Poland

Indonesia

Thailand

Viet Nam UAE

Jordan

South Africa

Belarus

Turkey Morocco

Nigeria

Kenya

Ghana

Kazakhstan

Malaysia

Sudan

Saudi

Arabia

Niger

Bangladesh

Thank you!

@IAEANE

www.iaea.org/nuclearenergy

INIR Missions to Poland

INIR Phase 1 Mission

conducted in 2013

Follow-up mission

conducted in 2016

All recommendations and

suggestions of main INIR mission completed

INIR Phase 2 Mission requested in 2017

Timing of INIR Phase 2 Mission is subject of

preparation of Self Evaluation Report

Newcomers Programme Status

PROGRAMME STATUS 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

First nuclear power plant started construction/under construction

2 2 2 2 3 4

First nuclear power plant ordered

1 1 2 3 2 1

Decided to introduce nuclear power and started preparing the appropriate infrastructure

6 7 6 4 5 4

Active preparation for a possible nuclear power programme with no final decision

5 5 6 7 6 7

Considering nuclear power programme

19 18 11 12 12 13

Expressed interest in nuclear power in official statements

13 12 17 21 21 21

Assistance from the IAEA

• IAEA assistance is small but strategic

• Wide range of IAEA products and services to support the introduction or expansion of nuclear power:

– Publications; e-Learning modules; networks

– Technical workshops; technical meetings

– Training courses; fellowships; scientific visits

– Expert missions

– Advisory and peer review services (INIR, SEED, IRRS, EPREV, ISSAS, IPPAS, Pre-OSART)

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