hypothesis testing

HYPOTHESIS TESTING

Presented by,Divyamathi T.I MBA

DEFINITION

Hypothesis :

Statement that may be judged as

true of false.

Hypothesis Testing :

The process of testing sample data

from a statistical study to determine

whether it is consistent with what is known

about the sample population.

RESEARCH QUESTION

Usually posed in the beginning of a

research effort

Basic question about some issue or

phenomena or a question about the

relationship between two or more

variables.

RESEARCH Q. HYPOTHESIS

Eg. For research Q.

"Do flexible work hours improve

employee productivity?“

"How do flexible hours influence

employees' work?"

The corresponding Hypothesis

“Flexible work hours improve employee

productivity.” (True or False / Accept or

Reject)

BENEFITS OF HYPOTHESIS

Determine the focus & direction for a research effort.

Development of a hypothesis forces the

researcher to clearly state the purpose of

the research activity. Determine what variables will not be

considered in a study, as well as those that will be considered.

GOOD HYPOTHESIS SHOULD BE:

Logically consistent

Be in step with the current literature

and/or provide a good basis for any

differences.

Be testable.

Be stated in clear & simple terms in

order to reduce confusion.

TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS

Descriptive Hypothesis

Relational Hypothesis

Correlational Hypothesis

Causal hypothesis

TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS TESTS

PARAMETRIC TESTS

More powerful test

Uses interval and ratio data

From independent observations Uses statistical hypothesis testing

Z- testT- testF-testX 2 testANOVA

NON – PARAMETRIC TESTS

Nominal & Ordinal data

Independent as well as related cases

Also uses interval & ratio data

Easy to understand & use

NON – PARAMETRIC TESTS

Binomial or X 2 test

(1 sample & 2

sample case)

McNemar test

Fish exact test

Cochran Q test

Konglomorov-

Smirmov test

Runs test

Sign test

Mann-Whitney U test

Kruskal-Wallis test

For Nominal Data: For Ordinal Data: