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Technical White Paper
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows
OceanStor Storage Windows
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2017-08-15
Issue (2017-05-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
i
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2017. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without
prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks and Permissions
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not
be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all
statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties,
guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://e.huawei.com
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows About This Document
Issue (2017-05-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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About This Document
Overview
This document details the configuration methods and precautions for connecting Huawei SAN
storage devices to Windows hosts.
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
Huawei technical support engineers
Technical engineers of Huawei's partners
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows:
Symbol Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which if
not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not
avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss,
performance degradation, or unexpected results.
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save time.
Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement
important points of the main text.
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows About This Document
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General Conventions
Convention Description
Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in boldface. For
example, log in as user root.
Italic Book titles are in italics.
Courier New Examples of information displayed on the screen are in Courier
New.
Command Conventions
Format Description
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic Command arguments are in italics.
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows Contents
Issue (2017-05-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
iv
Contents
About This Document .................................................................................................................... ii
1 Windows Operating System ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 System Information ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 File Systems in Windows .............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.4 Common Management Tools and Commands .............................................................................................................. 4
1.4.1 Remote Login ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.4.2 Management Tool ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4.3 Disk Management Commands ................................................................................................................................... 9
1.5 Interoperability Between Windows and Storage Systems ........................................................................................... 12
2 Network Planning ....................................................................................................................... 14
2.2 Fibre Channel Networking Diagram ........................................................................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Multi-Path Directly Connected Network ................................................................................................................. 14
2.2.2 Multi-Path Switch-connected Network .................................................................................................................... 15
2.3 iSCSI Network Diagram ............................................................................................................................................. 17
2.3.1 Multi-Path Directly Connected Network ................................................................................................................. 17
2.3.2 Multi-Path Switch-connected Network .................................................................................................................... 18
2.4 HyperMetro Network .................................................................................................................................................. 19
2.4.1 Fibre Channel Networking Diagram ........................................................................................................................ 20
3 Preparations Before Configuration (on a Host)..................................................................... 22
3.1 Identifying HBAs........................................................................................................................................................ 22
3.2 Querying HBA Properties ........................................................................................................................................... 23
3.3 Windows Disk Timeout .............................................................................................................................................. 24
3.4 Modifying the Timeout Interval for the FC HBA Port Driver .................................................................................... 25
3.4.1 Modifying Emulex HBA Driver Parameters ............................................................................................................ 25
3.4.2 Modifying QLogic HBA Driver Parameters ............................................................................................................ 26
3.5 Modifying the iSCSI Initiator's Driver Timeout Interval ............................................................................................ 29
4 Preparations Before Configuration (on a Storage System) ................................................. 31
5 Configuring Switches ................................................................................................................. 32
5.1 Fibre Channel Switch ................................................................................................................................................. 32
5.1.1 Querying the Switch Model and Version ................................................................................................................. 32
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5.1.2 Configuring Zones ................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.1.3 Precautions ............................................................................................................................................................... 38
5.2 Ethernet Switch ........................................................................................................................................................... 39
5.2.1 Configuring VLANs ................................................................................................................................................ 39
5.2.2 Binding Ports ........................................................................................................................................................... 40
5.3 FCoE Switch ............................................................................................................................................................... 42
5.3.1 Command Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 42
5.3.2 Creating a VSAN ..................................................................................................................................................... 45
5.3.3 Creating a VLAN ..................................................................................................................................................... 46
5.3.4 Configuring a Port and Adding It to the VLAN ....................................................................................................... 47
5.3.5 Creating a Zone and Adding the Port to It ............................................................................................................... 48
5.3.6 Creating a Zoneset and Adding the Created Zone to It ............................................................................................ 49
6 Establishing Fibre Channel Connections ............................................................................... 51
6.1 Checking Topology Modes ......................................................................................................................................... 51
6.1.2 OceanStor T V1 Series Storage System ................................................................................................................... 52
6.1.3 OceanStor 18000/T V2 /V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System ........................................................... 53
6.1.4 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System ............................................. 53
6.2 Adding Initiators ......................................................................................................................................................... 54
6.3 Establishing Connections ............................................................................................................................................ 54
7 Establishing iSCSI Connections .............................................................................................. 56
7.2 Checking Windows iSCSI Initiator Software ............................................................................................................. 56
7.3 Configuring Storage Service IP Addresses ................................................................................................................. 57
7.3.1 OceanStor T Series Storage System ......................................................................................................................... 58
7.3.2 OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System ............................................................ 58
7.3.3 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System ............................................. 59
7.4 Host ............................................................................................................................................................................. 61
7.4.1 Configuring IP Addresses on a Host ........................................................................................................................ 61
7.4.2 Configuring Initiators on a Host .............................................................................................................................. 62
7.4.3 Establishing Connections ......................................................................................................................................... 64
7.5 Configuring CHAP Authentication ............................................................................................................................. 64
7.5.1 Storage System ........................................................................................................................................................ 65
7.5.2 Host .......................................................................................................................................................................... 71
8 Mapping and Using LUNs ........................................................................................................ 73
8.1 LUN mapping ............................................................................................................................................................. 73
8.1.1 OceanStor T Series Storage System ......................................................................................................................... 73
8.1.2 OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System ............................................................ 74
8.1.3 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System ............................................. 75
8.2 Using the Mapped LUNs ............................................................................................................................................ 76
9 Multipathing Management ....................................................................................................... 77
9.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................................... 77
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9.2 MPIO Policies ............................................................................................................................................................. 77
9.3 Installation and Configuration .................................................................................................................................... 78
9.3.1 Precautions ............................................................................................................................................................... 78
9.3.2 Procedure ................................................................................................................................................................. 79
9.4 Common Management Commands ............................................................................................................................. 83
9.5 Uninstallation .............................................................................................................................................................. 85
10 Windows MPIO Policy Configuration ................................................................................. 87
10.1.1 NMP Configuration for New-Version HUAWEI Storage ...................................................................................... 87
10.1.2 Initiator Mode and Configuration .......................................................................................................................... 90
10.1.3 Storage Array Configuration .................................................................................................................................. 94
10.1.4 Host Configuration .............................................................................................................................................. 104
11 Volume Management ............................................................................................................. 109
12 Host High-Availability .......................................................................................................... 113
12.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................................ 113
12.1.1 MSCS................................................................................................................................................................... 113
12.1.2 WSFC .................................................................................................................................................................. 114
12.2 Configuration .......................................................................................................................................................... 116
12.2.1 MSCS................................................................................................................................................................... 116
12.2.2 WSFC .................................................................................................................................................................. 116
13 Virtualization Technology .................................................................................................... 117
13.1 Introduction to Hyper-V ......................................................................................................................................... 117
13.2 Hyper-V Configuration ........................................................................................................................................... 117
13.2.1 Adding Hyper-V .................................................................................................................................................. 117
13.2.2 Creating Hyper-V VMs ........................................................................................................................................ 118
A Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................ 119
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows Figures
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Figures
Figure 1-1 System information .............................................................................................................................. 2
Figure 1-2 Firewall configuration ......................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 1-3 Remote desktop connection ................................................................................................................. 6
Figure 1-4 Server Manager .................................................................................................................................... 7
Figure 1-5 diskpart commands in GUI .................................................................................................................. 9
Figure 1-6 Interoperability query page ................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 1-7 Query on OceanStor Interoperability Navigator ................................................................................ 13
Figure 2-2 Fibre Channel multi-path directly connected network diagram (dual-controller) .............................. 15
Figure 2-3 Fibre Channel multi-path directly connected network diagram (four-controller) .............................. 15
Figure 2-4 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected network diagram (dual-controller) ............................... 16
Figure 2-5 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected network diagram (four-controller) ............................... 16
Figure 2-6 iSCSI multi-path directly connected network diagram (dual-controller) ........................................... 17
Figure 2-7 iSCSI multi-path directly connected network diagram (four-controller) ........................................... 18
Figure 2-8 iSCSI multi-path switch-connected network diagram (dual-controller) ............................................ 18
Figure 2-9 iSCSI multi-path switch-connected network diagram (four-controller) ............................................ 19
Figure 2-10 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected networking diagram (dual-controller) ........................ 20
Figure 2-11 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected networking diagram (four-controller) ........................ 21
Figure 3-1 Checking HBA installation in Device Manager ................................................................................. 22
Figure 3-2 Run the fcinfo command to query HBA information ........................................................................ 23
Figure 3-3 Running the Windows Server 2016's command to query the FC HBA and iSCSI initiator information
.............................................................................................................................................................................. 24
Figure 3-4 Configuring disk timeout in the registry ............................................................................................ 25
Figure 3-5 Modifying the values of the timeout parameters ............................................................................... 26
Figure 3-6 Management console CLI .................................................................................................................. 27
Figure 3-7 HBA parameters................................................................................................................................. 27
Figure 3-8 HBA port status.................................................................................................................................. 27
Figure 3-9 HBA parameters menu ....................................................................................................................... 28
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Figure 3-10 Configure Parameters Menu ........................................................................................................ 28
Figure 3-11 HBA parameter configuration .......................................................................................................... 29
Figure 3-12 Changing the iSCSI initiator driver timeout .................................................................................... 30
Figure 5-1 Switch information ............................................................................................................................ 33
Figure 5-2 Switch port indicator status................................................................................................................ 35
Figure 5-3 Zone tab page ..................................................................................................................................... 36
Figure 5-4 Zone configuration............................................................................................................................. 37
Figure 5-5 Zone Config tab page ......................................................................................................................... 38
Figure 5-6 Name Server page .............................................................................................................................. 38
Figure 5-7 DeviceManager Provisioning page ................................................................................................... 41
Figure 5-8 Bond Ports page................................................................................................................................ 41
Figure 5-9 Process for configuring an FCoE switch ........................................................................................... 42
Figure 6-1 Fibre Channel port details .................................................................................................................. 52
Figure 6-2 Fibre Channel port details .................................................................................................................. 53
Figure 6-3 Fibre Channel port details .................................................................................................................. 54
Figure 7-1 iSCSI Initiator page ........................................................................................................................... 57
Figure 7-2 Modifying IPv4 addresses ................................................................................................................. 58
Figure 7-3 Port configuration .............................................................................................................................. 60
Figure 7-4 Ethernet port configuration ................................................................................................................ 60
Figure 7-5 Modifying IPv4 addresses ................................................................................................................. 61
Figure 7-6 IP address modification page ............................................................................................................. 62
Figure 7-7 Entering the initiator name ................................................................................................................ 63
Figure 7-8 Configuring the target IP address ....................................................................................................... 64
Figure 7-9 Initiator CHAP configuration............................................................................................................. 65
Figure 7-10 CHAP Configuration dialog box ................................................................................................... 66
Figure 7-11 Create CHAP dialog box ................................................................................................................ 66
Figure 7-12 Assigning the CHAP account to the initiator ................................................................................... 67
Figure 7-13 Setting CHAP status ........................................................................................................................ 67
Figure 7-14 Enabling CHAP ............................................................................................................................... 68
Figure 7-15 Initiator status after CHAP is enabled .............................................................................................. 68
Figure 7-16 Storage configuration page .............................................................................................................. 69
Figure 7-17 Host configuration page ................................................................................................................... 69
Figure 7-18 Initiator configuration page ............................................................................................................. 69
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Figure 7-19 Storage configuration page .............................................................................................................. 70
Figure 7-20 Host configuration page ................................................................................................................... 70
Figure 7-21 Initiator configuration page ............................................................................................................. 71
Figure 7-22 Connecting to the target on a host through CHAP authentication ................................................... 72
Figure 9-1 Configuring MPIO parameters in the registry ................................................................................... 79
Figure 9-2 Adding Multipath I/O ........................................................................................................................ 80
Figure 9-3 Viewing VID and PID ........................................................................................................................ 80
Figure 9-4 Querying disk information ................................................................................................................. 81
Figure 9-5 Taking over Huawei storage .............................................................................................................. 81
Figure 9-6 MPIO policy management page......................................................................................................... 82
Figure 9-7 Path details configuration page .......................................................................................................... 83
Figure 9-8 Deleting iSCSI devices managed by MPIO ....................................................................................... 85
Figure 9-9 Deleting Multipath I/O ...................................................................................................................... 86
Figure 10-1 Going to the host configuration page ............................................................................................... 93
Figure 10-2 Selecting an initiator of which information you want to modify ..................................................... 93
Figure 10-3 Modifying initiator information ....................................................................................................... 94
Figure 10-4 Viewing the storage product information ....................................................................................... 104
Figure 10-5 Taking over Huawei storage .......................................................................................................... 104
Figure 10-6 Viewing disk properties ................................................................................................................. 105
Figure 10-7 Configuring the MPIO policy ........................................................................................................ 106
Figure 10-8 Activating the path verification function ....................................................................................... 107
Figure 10-9 Checking disk multipathing policy ................................................................................................ 108
Figure 11-1 Rescanning for disks ...................................................................................................................... 110
Figure 11-2 Setting the identified disks online .................................................................................................. 110
Figure 11-3 Initializing disks ............................................................................................................................. 111
Figure 11-4 New RAID-5 volume dialog box ................................................................................................... 111
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows Tables
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Tables
Table 1-1 Comparison among the four file systems .............................................................................................. 3
Table 1-2 Restrictions of NTFS with GPT disks ................................................................................................... 4
Table 2-1 Networking modes ............................................................................................................................... 14
Table 3-1 Management tools of mainstream HBAs ............................................................................................. 23
Table 5-1 Mapping between switch types and names .......................................................................................... 33
Table 5-2 Comparison of link aggregation modes ............................................................................................... 40
Table 6-1 Comparison among the three topology modes .................................................................................... 51
Table 9-1 Default MPIO policy ........................................................................................................................... 82
Table 9-2 CMD commands for MPIO management ............................................................................................ 84
Table 9-3 Meaning of parameter num in the command for modifying the load balancing policy ....................... 84
Table 10-1 Configuration methods and application scenarios of the typical working modes .............................. 88
Table 10-2 HUAWEI storage's support for ALUA .............................................................................................. 89
Table 10-3 Initiator parameter description ........................................................................................................... 90
Table 10-4 ALUA configuration for HUAWEI OceanStor T series ..................................................................... 94
Table 10-5 ALUA configuration for OceanStor V3 ............................................................................................. 95
Table 10-6 Configuration on storage arrays when Emulex HBAs are used in non-NPIV mode ......................... 96
Table 10-7 Configuration on storage arrays when QLogic HBAs are used in non-NPIV mode.......................... 98
Table 10-8 Configuration on storage arrays when Emulex HBAs are used in NPIV mode............................... 100
Table 10-9 Configuration on storage arrays when QLogic HBAs are used in NPIV mode ............................... 102
Table 12-1 Maximum number of nodes supported by different storage systems............................................... 114
Table 12-2 WSFC terms .................................................................................................................................... 115
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows 1 Windows Operating System
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1 Windows Operating System
1.1 Overview
Windows is a Microsoft operating system intended for servers. Each Windows Server Edition
has a corresponding home (workstation) edition, except Windows Server 2003 R2.
1.2 System Information
On a Windows host, choose Start > Run. In the Run dialog box that is displayed, enter
msconfig to start the system configuration module. Choose tools > system information and
click Launch. The displayed window shows the system information, as shown in Figure 1-1.
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Figure 1-1 System information
You can also use the MS-DOS command systeminfo to obtain the previous information.
On Windows Server 2008 and later operating systems, you can run the slmgr.vbs –dlv
command on the MS-DOS command-line interface (CLI) to obtain more details.
1.3 File Systems in Windows
Windows supports the following file systems:
FAT
File Application Table (FAT) is a file system developed for MS-DOS. This file system is
simple in design and applicable to all Windows operating systems of later versions.
However, FAT has a serious drawback. After a file is deleted, new data is written onto the file location in chunks, which lowers later data read/write speeds.
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FAT32
FAT32 is similar to FAT. One difference is that FAT32 applies to larger disk applications.
FAT supports only 4 GB partitions or volumes whereas those supported by FAT32 can be
up to 2 TB.
NTFS
New Technology File System (NTFS) is a standard file system that applies to Windows
NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008,
Windows Vista, and Windows 7. NTFS takes the place of FAT as the file system for
Microsoft Windows operating systems. NTFS optimizes FAT and High Performance File
System (HPFS). For example, NTFS supports metadata and uses advanced data
structure, which improves performance, reliability, and disk space utilization. NTFS also
provides extended functions such as the access control list (ACL) and file system logs.
exFAT
Extended File Allocation Table File System (exFAT) is a Microsoft file system optimized
for flash drives. exFAT applies to Windows Embedded 5.0 and later (including Windows
CE 5.0, Windows CE 6.0, Windows Mobile 5, Windows Mobile 6, and Windows Mobile
6.1). This file system supports 4 GB or larger files that are not supported by FAT32.
Compared with exFAT, NTFS is inapplicable to flash drives.
ReFS
Resilient File System (ReFS) is a new file system introduced with Windows Server 2012.
ReFS aims to improve the availability and fault tolerance capability in the big data era.
When interworking with Space Storage, ReFS provides a comprehensive, end-to-end,
and flexible storage architecture.
Table 1-1 Comparison among the four file systems
Specifications FAT32 NTFS exFAT ReFS
Operating system Versions later
than Win 95
OSR2
Versions later
than Win 2000
Win CE 6/Vista
SP1
Versions later
than Win 2012
Min. sector size 512 B 512 B 512 B 64 KB
Max. sector size 64 KB 64 KB 64 KB 64 KB
Max. file size 2 B to 4 GB Depending on
the max.
partition
capacity
16 EB 16 EB
Max. formatted
capacity
2 TB (NT
kernel: 32 GB)
2 TB to 256 TB
(depending on
the MBR)
16 EB
(theoretical
value, 256 TB
is supported
currently)
256 ZB using
16 KB cluster
sizes. Windows
stack
addressing: 16
EB
Number of
archives
4,194,304 None At least 1000
Table 1-2 lists the restrictions of NTFS with GPT disks.
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Table 1-2 Restrictions of NTFS with GPT disks
Allocation Unit Size Max. NTFS Volume Size
512 2,199,023,255,040 (2 TB)
1024 4,398,046,510,080 (4 TB)
2048 8,796,093,020,160 (8 TB)
4096 17,592,186,040,320 (16 TB)
8192 35,184,372,080,640 (32 TB)
16,384 70,368,744,161,280 (64 TB)
32,768 140,737,488,322,560 (128 TB)
65,536 281,474,976,645,120 (256 TB)
1.4 Common Management Tools and Commands
You need to remotely log in to a Windows host and run management commands on the host.
The following details the login method, management tools, and management commands.
1.4.1 Remote Login
Perform the following steps to manage a host using the remote desktop:
Step 1 Ensure that the network connectivity is normal between the client host and the managed host.
Step 2 Configure the firewall on the managed host.
Click Start and choose Administrative Tools > Windows Firewall with Advanced Security.
On the firewall configuration page that is displayed, enable Remote Desktop (TCP-In) and
File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request – ICMPv4-In) in Inbound Rules, as shown in
Figure 1-2.
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Figure 1-2 Firewall configuration
CAUTION
Inbound rules refer to rules for receiving network information. After Remote Desktop
(TCP-In) is enabled, other devices can access the managed host through the remote desktop.
After File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request – ICMPv4-In) is enabled, other devices on
the network can ping the managed host to check network connectivity.
To prevent security risks, you are advised to restore firewall configurations to the initial state
after completing host commissioning.
Step 3 Ping each other's IP address on the client host and the managed host respectively to verify
firewall configurations.
Step 4 Configure the remote login level on the managed host.
Right-click My Computer and choose Properties from the shortcut menu. In the dialog box
that is displayed, click Change Settings. In the dialog box that is displayed, click the Remote
tab. In Remote Desktop, select Allow Connections from computers running any version
of Remote Desktop (less secure).
Step 5 On the client host, enter mstsc in the Run window to start the remote desktop connection, as
shown in Figure 1-3.
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Figure 1-3 Remote desktop connection
Step 6 In the remote desktop connection dialog box that is displayed, enter the IP address of the
managed host.
Step 7 Enter the user and password of the managed host.
----End
1.4.2 Management Tool
Window provides a powerful computer management tool Server Manager. This tool
provides most host management functions, such as configuring system features, viewing
system logs, managing system services, and monitoring system performance.
This section describes how to start Server Manager and use this tool to manage disks.
1.4.2.1 Starting Server Manager
Perform the following steps to start Server Manager:
Step 1 On the host, click Start.
Step 2 Right-click Computer and choose Manage from the shortcut menu.
Server Manager is started, as shown in Figure 1-4.
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Figure 1-4 Server Manager
In the navigation tree, choose Storage > Disk Management. The disks available for
management are displayed.
----End
1.4.2.2 Managing Disks
You can use Server Manager to manage storage resources, such as initializing disks,
partitioning disks, formatting disks, and managing volumes.
In Windows Server 2008 and later versions, you need to set the state of LUNs mapped to the
host for the first time to online in Disk Management. The operating system then marks the
LUNs for identification. This process is disk initialization. Only the initialized disks can be
used by the host in volume management. You need to specify disk partition format when
initializing disks. Available formats are:
Master Boot Record (MBR)
GUID Partition Table (GPT)
In versions earlier than Windows Server 2008, you do not need to set a disk online or specify partition
format. The system uses the default format MBR.
The partition format refers to the method of organizing disk partitions in Windows XP Professional and
Windows Server 2003. For details, see:
http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/cc738081%28v=ws.10%29.aspx
In Windows, disks are categorized as basic disks and dynamic disks. Only simple volumes
can be created on basic disks. Spanned volumes, mirror volumes, striped volumes, and
RAID-5 volumes are created on dynamic disks. In Windows Server 2008 and later versions,
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the operating system converts basic disks to dynamic disks when spanned volumes (or other
volumes that can only be created on dynamic disks) are created on basic disks.
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1.4.3 Disk Management Commands
Although Windows is a GUI-based operating system, it also provides the powerful diskpart
MS-DOS management commands. The diskpart disk management module can complete all
operations under Disk Management.
Figure 1-5 shows the diskpart commands.
Figure 1-5 diskpart commands in GUI
The preceding commands show the process that three LUNs are initialized and then used to
create a RAID-5 volume.
Step 2 Scan for LUNs.
DISKPART> rescan
Please wait while DiskPart scans your configuration...
DiskPart has finished scanning your configuration.
DISKPART> list disk
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Disk ### Status Size Free Dyn Gpt
-------- ------------- ------- ------- --- ---
Disk 0 Online 279 GB 0 B
Disk 1 Online 279 GB 4094 MB
Disk 2 Offline 5120 MB 5120 MB
Disk 3 Offline 10 GB 0 B *
Disk 4 Offline 20 GB 0 B *
Step 3 Set the state of the LUNs mapped to the host for the first time to online.
DISKPART> select disk 2
Disk 2 is now the selected disk.
DISKPART> online disk
DiskPart successfully onlined the selected disk.
DISKPART> list disk
Disk ### Status Size Free Dyn Gpt
-------- ------------- ------- ------- --- ---
Disk 0 Online 279 GB 0 B
Disk 1 Online 279 GB 4094 MB
* Disk 2 Online 5120 MB 5120 MB
Disk 3 Offline 10 GB 0 B *
Disk 4 Offline 20 GB 0 B *
DISKPART> select disk 3
Disk 3 is now the selected disk.
DISKPART> online disk
DiskPart successfully onlined the selected disk.
DISKPART> list disk
Disk ### Status Size Free Dyn Gpt
-------- ------------- ------- ------- --- ---
Disk 0 Online 279 GB 0 B
Disk 1 Online 279 GB 4094 MB
Disk 2 Online 5120 MB 5120 MB
* Disk 3 Online 10 GB 0 B *
Disk 4 Offline 20 GB 0 B *
DISKPART> select disk 4
Disk 4 is now the selected disk.
DISKPART> online disk
DiskPart successfully onlined the selected disk.
DISKPART> list disk
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Disk ### Status Size Free Dyn Gpt
-------- ------------- ------- ------- --- ---
Disk 0 Online 279 GB 0 B
Disk 1 Online 279 GB 4094 MB
Disk 2 Online 5120 MB 5120 MB
Disk 3 Online 10 GB 0 B *
* Disk 4 Online 20 GB 0 B *
Step 4 Convert disks to dynamic disks.
DISKPART> select disk 2
Disk 2 is now the selected disk.
DISKPART> convert dynamic
DiskPart successfully converted the selected disk to dynamic format.
DISKPART> select disk 3
Disk 3 is now the selected disk.
DISKPART> convert dynamic
DiskPart successfully converted the selected disk to dynamic format.
DISKPART> select disk 4
Disk 4 is now the selected disk.
DISKPART> convert dynamic
DiskPart successfully converted the selected disk to dynamic format.
Step 5 Create a RAID-5 volume.
DISKPART> list volume
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
---------- --- ----------- ----- ---------- ------- --------- --------
Volume 0 System Rese NTFS Partition 350 MB Healthy System
Volume 1 C NTFS Partition 160 GB Healthy Boot
DISKPART> create volume raid size=50 disk=2,3,4
DiskPart successfully created the volume.
DISKPART> list volume
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
---------- --- ----------- ----- ---------- ------- --------- --------
Volume 0 System Rese NTFS Partition 350 MB Healthy System
Volume 1 C NTFS Partition 160 GB Healthy Boot
* Volume 2 RAW RAID-5 100 MB Healthy
Step 6 Format the volume.
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DISKPART> format
100 percent completed
DiskPart successfully formatted the volume.
DISKPART> list volume
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
---------- --- ----------- ----- ---------- ------- --------- --------
Volume 0 System Rese NTFS Partition 350 MB Healthy System
Volume 1 C NTFS Partition 160 GB Healthy Boot
* Volume 2 NTFS RAID-5 100 MB Healthy
Step 7 Mount the file system.
DISKPART> assign
DiskPart successfully assigned the drive letter or mount point.
DISKPART> list volume
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
---------- --- ----------- ----- ---------- ------- --------- --------
Volume 0 System Rese NTFS Partition 350 MB Healthy System
Volume 1 C NTFS Partition 160 GB Healthy Boot
* Volume 2 D NTFS RAID-5 100 MB Healthy
----End
Compared with the GUI-based disk management, the CLI disk management commands in Windows are
complex. However, those CLI commands are very useful in automatic management and tests.
1.5 Interoperability Between Windows and Storage Systems
When connecting a storage system to a Windows host, consider the interoperability of
upper-layer applications and components (such as storage systems, Windows systems, HBAs,
and switches) in the environment.
You can query the latest compatibility information by performing the following steps:
Step 1 Log in to the website support-open.huawei.com.
Step 2 On the home page, choose Interoperability Center > Storage Interoperability.
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Figure 1-6 Interoperability query page
Then, the OceanStor Interoperability Navigator is displayed.
Step 3 Select the components to query and click Submit.
Figure 1-7 Query on OceanStor Interoperability Navigator
----End
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2 Network Planning
Windows hosts and storage systems can be networked based on different criteria.
Table 2-1 Networking modes
Criteria Networking Mode
Interface module type Fibre Channel network, iSCSI network, or Fibre Channel over
Ethernet (FCoE) network
Whether switches are
used
Directly-connected network (no switches are used) or
switch-based network (switches are used)
Whether multiple paths
exist
Single-path network or multi-path network
A Fibre Channel network is the most widely used network for Windows operating systems. To
ensure service data security, both directly connected network and switch-connected network
are multi-path networks.
For specific networking connections, refer to the storage system's Quick Installation Guide.
2.2 Fibre Channel Networking Diagram
2.2.1 Multi-Path Directly Connected Network
Huawei provides dual-controller and multi-controller storage systems, whose network
diagrams differ. The following describes network diagrams of dual-controller and
multi-controller storage systems respectively.
2.2.1.1 Dual-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 5800 V3 as an example to explain how to connect a
Windows host to a storage system over a Fibre Channel multi-path directly connected
network, as shown in Figure 2-2.
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Figure 2-1 Fibre Channel multi-path directly connected network diagram (dual-controller)
On this network, both controllers of the storage system are connected to the host's HBA through optical
fibers.
2.2.1.2 Multi-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 18500 V3 (four-controller) as an example to explain
how to connect a Windows host to a storage system over a Fibre Channel multi-path directly
connected network, as shown in Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-2 Fibre Channel multi-path directly connected network diagram (four-controller)
On this network, the four controllers of the storage system are connected to the host's HBAs through
optical fibers.
2.2.2 Multi-Path Switch-connected Network
Huawei provides dual-controller and multi-controller storage systems, whose network
diagrams differ. The following describes network diagrams of dual-controller and
multi-controller storage systems respectively.
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2.2.2.1 Dual-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 5800 V3 as an example to explain how to connect a
Windows host to a storage system over a Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected network,
as shown in Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-3 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected network diagram (dual-controller)
On this network, the storage system is connected to the host via two switches. Both controllers of the
storage system are connected to the switches through optical fibers and both switches are connected to
the host through optical fibers. To ensure the connectivity between the host and the storage system, each
zone contains only one storage port and its corresponding host port.
2.2.2.2 Multi-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 18500 V3 (four-controller) as an example to explain
how to connect a Windows host to a storage system over a Fibre Channel multi-path
switch-connected network, as shown in Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-4 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected network diagram (four-controller)
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On this network, the storage system is connected to the host via two switches. All controllers of the
storage system are connected to the switches through optical fibers and both switches are connected to
the host through optical fibers. To ensure the connectivity between the host and the storage system, each
zone contains only one storage port and its corresponding host port.
2.3 iSCSI Network Diagram
2.3.1 Multi-Path Directly Connected Network
Huawei provides dual-controller and multi-controller storage systems, whose network
diagrams differ. The following describes network diagrams of dual-controller and
multi-controller storage systems respectively.
2.3.1.1 Dual-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 5800 V3 as an example to explain how to connect a
Windows host to a storage system over an iSCSI multi-path directly connected network, as
shown in Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-5 iSCSI multi-path directly connected network diagram (dual-controller)
On this network, both controllers of the storage system are connected to the host's network adapter
through Ethernet cables.
2.3.1.2 Multi-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 18500 V3 (four-controller) as an example to explain
how to connect a Windows host to a storage system over an iSCSI multi-path directly
connected network, as shown in Figure 2-6.
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Figure 2-6 iSCSI multi-path directly connected network diagram (four-controller)
On this network, the four controllers of the storage system are connected to the host's network adapter
through Ethernet cables.
2.3.2 Multi-Path Switch-connected Network
Huawei provides dual-controller and multi-controller storage systems, whose network
diagrams differ. The following describes network diagrams of dual-controller and
multi-controller storage systems respectively.
2.3.2.1 Dual-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 5800 V3 as an example to explain how to connect a
Windows host to a storage system over an iSCSI multi-path switch-connected network, as
shown in Figure 2-7.
Figure 2-7 iSCSI multi-path switch-connected network diagram (dual-controller)
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On this network, the storage system is connected to the host via two Ethernet switches. Both controllers
of the storage system are connected to the switches through Ethernet cables and both switches are
connected to the host's network adapter through Ethernet cables. To ensure the connectivity between the
host and the storage system, each VLAN contains only one storage port and its corresponding host port.
2.3.2.2 Multi-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 18500 V3 (four-controller) as an example to explain
how to connect a Windows host to a storage system over an iSCSI multi-path
switch-connected network, as shown in Figure 2-8.
Figure 2-8 iSCSI multi-path switch-connected network diagram (four-controller)
On this network, the storage system is connected to the host via two Ethernet switches. All controllers of
the storage system are connected to the switches through Ethernet cables and both switches are
connected to the host's network adapter through Ethernet cables. To ensure the connectivity between the
host and the storage system, each VLAN contains only one storage port and its corresponding host port.
2.4 HyperMetro Network
HyperMetro using the OS native multipathing function has the following networking
requirements:
Uses the multi-path switch-connected networking by default.
In the switches' zone configuration, allows a zone to only contain one initiator and one
target.
You are advised to use dual-switch networking to prevent single points of failure.
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2.4.1 Fibre Channel Networking Diagram
2.4.1.1 Multi-Path Switch-connected Networking
Huawei provides dual-controller and multi-controller storage systems, whose network
diagrams differ. The following describes network diagrams of dual-controller and
multi-controller storage systems respectively.
2.4.1.1.1 Dual-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 6800 V3 (dual-controller) as an example to explain
how to connect a VMware host to a storage system over a Fibre Channel multi-path
switch-connected network, as shown in Figure 2-9.
Figure 2-9 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected networking diagram (dual-controller)
On this network, the storage system is connected to the host via two switches. The two storage systems'
two controllers are connected to the switches through optical fibers and both switches are connected to
the host through optical fibers. To ensure the connectivity between the host and the storage system, each
zone contains only one storage port and its corresponding host port. In this example, the two storage
systems' two controllers are interconnected through optical cables to form replication links. Alternatively,
you can also connect the two controllers through a switch to form replication links.
2.4.1.1.2 Multi-Controller
The following uses HUAWEI OceanStor 6800 V3 (four-controller) as an example to explain
how to connect a Windows host to a storage system over a Fibre Channel multi-path
switch-connected network, as shown in Figure 2-10.
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Figure 2-10 Fibre Channel multi-path switch-connected networking diagram (four-controller)
On this network, the storage system is connected to the host via two switches. All the two storage
systems' four controllers are connected to the switches through optical fibers and both switches are
connected to the host through optical fibers. To ensure the connectivity between the host and the storage
system, each zone contains only one storage port and its corresponding host port. In this example, the
two storage systems' four controllers are interconnected through optical cables to form replication links.
Alternatively, you can also connect the four controllers through two switches to form replication links.
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3 Preparations Before Configuration (on a Host)
Before connecting a host to a storage system, make sure that the host HBAs are identified
and working correctly. You also need to obtain the WWNs of HBA ports. The WWNs will be
used in subsequent configuration on the storage system.
This chapter details how to check the HBA status and query WWNs of HBA ports.
3.1 Identifying HBAs
After an HBA is installed on a host, you can view whether the HBA exists in Device
Management. If the HBA exists, the physical connection of the HBA is correct. Then
check whether there is a question mark or exclamation mark on the HBA name. If there is no
such mark, the HBA driver is normal. If an HBA is a Fibre Channel HBA, insert the optical
module. Then check whether the driver is installed correctly by viewing whether light comes
out from the optical module outlet.
Figure 3-1 Checking HBA installation in Device Manager
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3.2 Querying HBA Properties
After an HBA is installed on a host and the host is powered on, open Device Management to
check whether the HBA is identified and whether the driver needs to be installed manually.
Further management of the HBA requires that the corresponding management software be
installed.
Table 3-1 lists the management tools of mainstream HBAs.
Table 3-1 Management tools of mainstream HBAs
Vendor Management Software
QLogic Sansurfer
Emulex OneCommmand Manager
Brocade Brocade Adapter Software
ATTO Windows Host Adapter Utilities
In addition, you can download the query program Fibre Channel Information Tool at:
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=17530
After the software is installed, run fcinfo on the DOS CLI to obtain the HBA information, as
shown in Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-2 Run the fcinfo command to query HBA information
For Windows Server 2012 and later versions, Windows PowerShell provides a command
Get-InitiatorPort for query the WWN and iSCSI initiator information of the FC HBA card.
Figure 3-3 shows that FC HBA query using PowerShell of Windows Server 2016.
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Figure 3-3 Running the Windows Server 2016's command to query the FC HBA and iSCSI
initiator information
3.3 Windows Disk Timeout
If a host's request for disk data has no response during a disk timeout, the operating system of
the host considers no response as normal. However, if the host still receives no response after
the disk timeout expires, the host operating system reports an error or abandons this data
request.
By default, the disk timeout in Windows is 60 seconds. The disk timeout can be changed in
some special conditions, for example, installing drivers. In this case, you need to change the
disk timeout to 60 seconds.
The following explains how to change the disk timeout in the registry.
Step 1 Run the CMD command regedit to start Registry Editor.
Step 2 Choose HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > System > CurrentControlSet > Services > Disks.
Step 3 In the function pane, check whether TimeOutValue exists.
If no, right-click the function pane and choose New > DWORD Value. Set the name to
TimeOutValue and go to step 4.
If yes, double-click TimeOutValue and go to step 4.
Step 4 In Value data, enter a desired value. You can specify the value format. Available formats are
Hexadecimal and Decimal, as shown in Figure 3-4.
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Figure 3-4 Configuring disk timeout in the registry
Step 5 Restart the host for the change to take effect.
----End
3.4 Modifying the Timeout Interval for the FC HBA Port Driver
When a Windows host connects to a storage array through FC HBA, the FC HBA port driver's
timer parameter directly affects the time of a multipath switchover upon a fault. For common
FC HBAs from Emulex and QLogic, it is advisable to set Port Down Retry Count and
Link Down Timeout to 10.
Before modifying FC HBA port parameters, you need to download the HBA management tool
from the HBA vendor. The following describes how to modify Emulex and QLogic FC HBAs'
port parameters.
3.4.1 Modifying Emulex HBA Driver Parameters
Step 1 From the Emulex official website, download the One Command Manager and install it to the
Windows host:
https://www.broadcom.com/products/storage/fibre-channel-host-bus-adapters/onecommand-m
anager-centralized#downloads
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Step 2 Open the Emulex HBA management tool. This tool will automatically detect the Emulex
HBA port that the local host uses. Select the HBA port, click Driver Parameters tab, select
the parameter you want to modify, type the value, and click Apply, as shown in Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5 Modifying the values of the timeout parameters
----End
3.4.2 Modifying QLogic HBA Driver Parameters
Step 1 Download and install the QLogic HBA management tool. Go to the following website to
download the tool:
http://driverdownloads.qlogic.com/QLogicDriverDownloads_UI/DefaultNewSearch.aspx
Step 2 Open the management tool.
After downloading and installing the tool, double-click the icon to open this tool
(2.1.0 build 11) and run the qaucli command to navigate to the management CLI window.
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Figure 3-6 Management console CLI
Step 3 Set HBA parameters.
Select 2: Adapter Configuration. The following window is displayed.
Figure 3-7 HBA parameters
Select 3: HBA Parameters. The HBA port status window is displayed.
Figure 3-8 HBA port status
Select a port and go to the HBA Parameters Menu.
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Figure 3-9 HBA parameters menu
Select 2: Configure HBA Parameters. The Configure Parameters Menu window is
displayed.
Figure 3-10 Configure Parameters Menu
Select 13 and 15. Set the values of the parameters to 10. Then select 20: Commit Changes.
After the configuration, check the HBA parameters.
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Figure 3-11 HBA parameter configuration
Step 4 Complete the configurations of all ports
Step 5 Repeat Step XX to configure other ports.
----End
3.5 Modifying the iSCSI Initiator's Driver Timeout Interval
During an iSCSI initiator driver timeout, a host can still send device files to upper-layer
applications when links to the host are down.
If multipathing software is installed, the iSCSI initiator driver timeout needs to be changed so
that the multipathing software can receive link errors in a timely manner and then initiates a
path switchover.
To change the iSCSI initiator driver timeout in the registry, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Run the CMD command regedit to start Registry Editor.
Step 2 Query the registry key.
Choose HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > System > CurrentControlSet > Control > Class >
{4D36E97B-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318} > Instance Number > Parameters, as
shown in Figure 3-12.
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Figure 3-12 Changing the iSCSI initiator driver timeout
Step 3 Modify the registry key.
By default, LinkDownTime and MaxRequestHoldTime are 15 seconds and 60 seconds
respectively. On a multi-path network, the path failover time decreases with the values of the
two parameters.
CAUTION
For details about how to configure LinkDownTime and MaxRequestHoldTime, see:
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/san/archive/2008/07/27/microsoft-iscsi-software-initiator-isns-server
-timers-quick-reference.aspx
If UltraPath is installed, run CMD command iscsiconfig get timeout value to query the iSCSI
initiator driver timeout and then run iscsiconfig set timeout xxx to specify the timeout.
Step 4 Restart the host for the change to take effect.
----End
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4 Preparations Before Configuration (on a Storage System)
Make sure that RAID groups, LUNs, and hosts are correctly created on the storage systems.
For details, refer to the specific storage system's Configuration Guide.
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5 Configuring Switches
Windows hosts and storage systems can be connected over a Fibre Channel switch-connected
network, an iSCSI switch-connected network, and an FCoE switch-connected network. The
three types of networks use Fibre Channel switches, Ethernet switches, and FCoE switches
respectively. This chapter describes how to configure those switches.
5.1 Fibre Channel Switch
The commonly used Fibre Channel switches are from vendors such as Brocade and QLogic.
The following uses a Brocade switch as an example to explain how to configure switches.
5.1.1 Querying the Switch Model and Version
Perform the following steps to query the switch model and version:
Step 1 Log in to the Brocade switch from a web page.
On the web page, enter the IP address of the Brocade switch. The Web Tools switch login
dialog box is displayed. Enter the account and password. The default account and password
are admin and password. The switch management page is displayed.
CAUTION
Web Tools works correctly only when Java is installed on the host. Java 1.6 or later is
recommended.
Step 2 View the switch information.
On the switch management page that is displayed, click Switch Information. The switch
information is displayed, as shown in Figure 5-1.
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Figure 5-1 Switch information
Note the following parameters:
Fabric OS version: indicates the switch version information. The interoperability
between switches and storage systems varies with the switch version. Only switches of
authenticated versions can interconnect correctly with storage systems.
Type: This parameter is a decimal consists of an integer and a decimal fraction. The
integer indicates the switch model and the decimal fraction indicates the switch template
version. You only need to pay attention to the switch model. Table 5-1 describes switch
model mapping.
Table 5-1 Mapping between switch types and names
Switch Type
Switch Name Switch Type
Switch Name
1 Brocade 1000 Switch 58 Brocade 5000 Switch
2,6 Brocade 2800 Switch 61 Brocade 4424 Embedded
Switch
3 Brocade 2100, 2400 Switches 62 Brocade DCX Backbone
4 Brocade 20x0, 2010, 2040,
2050 Switches
64 Brocade 5300 Switch
5 Brocade 22x0, 2210, 2240,
2250 Switches
66 Brocade 5100 Switch
7 Brocade 2000 Switch 67 Brocade Encryption Switch
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Switch Type
Switch Name Switch Type
Switch Name
9 Brocade 3800 Switch 69 Brocade 5410 Blade
10 Brocade 12000 Director 70 Brocade 5410 Embedded
Switch
12 Brocade 3900 Switch 71 Brocade 300 Switch
16 Brocade 3200 Switch 72 Brocade 5480 Embedded
Switch
17 Brocade 3800VL 73 Brocade 5470 Embedded
Switch
18 Brocade 3000 Switch 75 Brocade M5424 Embedded
Switch
21 Brocade 24000 Director 76 Brocade 8000 Switch
22 Brocade 3016 Switch 77 Brocade DCX-4S
Backbone
26 Brocade 3850 Switch 83 Brocade 7800 Extension
Switch
27 Brocade 3250 Switch 86 Brocade 5450 Embedded
Switch
29 Brocade 4012 Embedded
Switch 87 Brocade 5460 Embedded
Switch
32 Brocade 4100 Switch 90 Brocade 8470 Embedded
Switch
33 Brocade 3014 Switch 92 Brocade VA-40FC Switch
34 Brocade 200E Switch 95 Brocade VDX 6720-24
Data Center Switch
37 Brocade 4020 Embedded
Switch 96 Brocade VDX 6730-32
Data Center Switch
38 Brocade 7420 SAN Router 97 Brocade VDX 6720-60
Data Center Switch
40 Fibre Channel Routing (FCR)
Front Domain
98 Brocade VDX 6730-76
Data Center Switch
41 Fibre Channel Routing,
(FCR) Xlate Domain
108 Dell M8428-k FCoE
Embedded Switch
42 Brocade 48000 Director 109 Brocade 6510 Switch
43 Brocade 4024 Embedded
Switch
116 Brocade VDX 6710 Data
Center Switch
44 Brocade 4900 Switch 117 Brocade 6547 Embedded
Switch
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Switch Type
Switch Name Switch Type
Switch Name
45 Brocade 4016 Embedded
Switch
118 Brocade 6505 Switch
46 Brocade 7500 Switch 120 Brocade DCX 8510-8
Backbone
51 Brocade 4018 Embedded
Switch
121 Brocade DCX 8510-4
Backbone
55.2 Brocade 7600 Switch
Ethernet IPv4: indicates the switch IP address.
Effective Configuration: indicates the currently effective configurations. This parameter
is important and is related to zone configurations. In this example, the currently effective
configuration is ss.
----End
5.1.2 Configuring Zones
Zone configuration is important for Fibre Channel switches. The zone configurations
differ with the switch vendor, model, and version. For details, refer to the specific switch's
Configuration Guide. With the Brocade 300 switch as an example, the zone configuration
steps are as follows:
Step 1 Log in to the Brocade switch from a web page. This step is the same as that in section 5.1.1
"Querying the Switch Model and Version."
Step 2 Check the switch port status.
Normally, the switch port indicators are steady green, as shown in Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-2 Switch port indicator status
If the port indicators are abnormal, check the topology mode and rate. Proceed with the next
step after all indicators are normal.
Step 3 Go to the Zone Admin page.
On the menu bar of the switch, choose Configure > Zone Admin.
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Step 4 Check whether the switch identifies hosts and storage systems.
On the Zone Admin page, click the Zone tab. In Member Selection List, check whether all
related ports are identified, as shown in Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-3 Zone tab page
The preceding figure shows that ports 1,16 and 1,17 in use are correctly identified by the
switch.
Step 5 Create a zone.
When configuring a zone, you can add a switch to a zone by the switch port or the switch
ports' connected device WWN. This section describes zone configuration by WWN.
On the Zone tab page, click New Zone to create a new zone and name it R910_2. Select the
device WWN numbers of ports 1,3 (connecting the storage system) and 1,17 (connecting the
host), and click Add Member to add them to the new zone, as shown in Figure 5-4.
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Figure 5-4 Zone configuration
Step 6 Add the new zone to the configuration file and activate the new zone.
On the Zone Admin page, click the Zone Config tab. In the Name drop-down list, choose the
currently effective configuration Dell_R910.
In Member Selection List, select zone R910_2 and click Add Member to add it to the
configuration file.
Click Save Config to save the configuration and click Enable Config to make the
configuration effective.
Figure 5-5 shows the Zone Config page.
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Figure 5-5 Zone Config tab page
Step 7 Verify that the configuration takes effect.
In the navigation tree of Web Tools, choose Task > Monitor > Name Server to go to the
Name Server page. You can also choose Monitor > Name Server in the navigation bar.
Figure 5-6 shows the Name Server page.
Figure 5-6 Name Server page
The preceding figure shows that the WWNs have been added to the zone that is now effective.
An effective zone is marked by an asterisk (*).
----End
5.1.3 Precautions
Note the following when connecting a Brocade switch to a storage system at a rate of 8
Gbit/s:
The topology mode of the storage system must be set to switch.
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fill word of ports through which the switch is connected to the storage system must be
set to 0. To configure this parameter, run the portcfgfillword <port number> 0
command on the switch.
Note the following when connecting a Brocade switch to a storage system at a rate of 8
Gbit/s:
When the switch is connected to module HP VC 8Gb 20-port FC or HP VC
FlexFabric 10Gb/24-port, change the switch configuration. For details, refer to the HP
Virtual Connect FlexFabric Cookbook:
http://h20564.www2.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docId=c02616817
5.2 Ethernet Switch
This section describes how to configure Ethernet switches, including configuring VLANs and
binding ports.
5.2.1 Configuring VLANs
On an Ethernet network to which many hosts are connected, a large number of broadcast
packets are generated during the host communication. Broadcast packets sent from one
host will be received by all other hosts on the network, consuming more bandwidth. Moreover,
all hosts on the network can access each other, resulting data security risks.
To save bandwidth and prevent security risks, hosts on an Ethernet network are divided into
multiple logical groups. Each logical group is a VLAN. The following uses HUAWEI
Quidway 2700 Ethernet switch as an example to explain how to configure VLANs.
In the following example, two VLANs (VLAN 1000 and VLAN 2000) are created. VLAN
1000 contains ports GE 1/0/1 to 1/0/16. VLAN 2000 contains ports GE 1/0/20 to 1/0/24.
Step 1 Go to the system view.
<Quidway>system-view
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
Step 2 Create VLAN 1000 and add ports to it.
[Quidway]VLAN 1000
[Quidway-vlan1000]port GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 1/0/16
Step 3 Configure the IP address of VLAN 1000.
[Quidway-vlan1000]interface VLAN 1000
[Quidway-Vlan-interface1000]ip address 1.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
Step 4 Create VLAN 2000, add ports, and configure the IP address.
[Quidway]VLAN 2000
[Quidway-vlan2000]port GigabitEthernet 1/0/20 to GigabitEthernet 1/0/24
[Quidway-vlan2000]interface VLAN 2000
[Quidway-Vlan-interface2000]ip address 2.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
----End
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5.2.2 Binding Ports
When storage systems and hosts are connected in point-to-point mode, existing bandwidth
may be insufficient for storage data transmission. Moreover, devices cannot be redundantly
connected in point-to-point mode. To address these problems, ports are bound (link
aggregation). Port binding can improve bandwidth and balance load among multiple links.
5.2.2.1 Link Aggregation Modes
Three Ethernet link aggregation modes are available:
Manual aggregation
Manually run a command to add ports to an aggregation group. Ports added to the
aggregation group must have the same link type.
Static aggregation
Manually run a command to add ports to an aggregation group. Ports added to the
aggregation group must have the same link type and LACP enabled.
Dynamic aggregation
The protocol dynamically adds ports to an aggregation group. Ports added in this way must
have LACP enabled and the same speed, duplex mode, and link type.
Table 5-2 compares the three link aggregation modes.
Table 5-2 Comparison of link aggregation modes
Link Aggregation Mode
Packet Exchange Port Detection CPU Usage
Manual aggregation No No Low
Static aggregation Yes Yes High
Dynamic
aggregation
Yes Yes High
5.2.2.2 Procedure
HUAWEI OceanStor storage devices support 802.3ad link aggregation (dynamic aggregation).
In this link aggregation mode, multiple network ports are in an active aggregation group
and work in duplex mode and at the same speed. After binding iSCSI host ports on a storage
device, enable aggregation for their peer ports on a switch. Otherwise, links are unavailable
between the storage device and the switch.
This section uses switch ports GE 1/0/1 and GE 1/0/2 and IOM1 module's ports P0 and P1 as
examples to explain how to bind ports. The two ports on the storage system are
CTE0.A.IOM1.P0 and CTE0.A.IOM1.P1.
The port binding method differs with the OceanStor system version. For details, refer to the
specific storage product documentation. The following steps show how to bind ports (with
OceanStor V3 V300R003 as an example).
Step 1 Log in to the DeviceManager and go to the page for binding ports.
In the DeviceManager navigation tree, choose Provisioning > Port.
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Figure 5-7 DeviceManager Provisioning page
Step 2 Bind ports.
Select the ports that you want to bind and choose Bind Ports > Create in the menu bar.
The Create Bound Port dialog box is displayed. In Name, enter the name for the port to be
bound, select the Controller housing the port, select the target ports, and click OK.
Figure 5-8 Bond Ports page
After the storage system ports are bound, configure link aggregation on the switch. Run the
following command on the switch:
<Quidway>system-view
System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z.
[Quidway-Switch]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[Quidway-Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/19]lacp enable
LACP is already enabled on the port!
[Quidway-Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/19]quit
[Quidway-Switch]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2
[Quidway-Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/20]lacp enable
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LACP is already enabled on the port!
[Quidway-Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/20]quit
After the command is executed, LACP is enabled for ports GE 1/0/1 and GE 1/0/2. Then the
ports can be automatically detected and added to an aggregation group.
----End
5.3 FCoE Switch
The configurations of FCoE switches are different from those of FC switches and Ethernet
switches. For details, see the specific switch vendor-provided configuration guide.
Taking Cisco Nexus5548 as an example, Figure 5-9 shows an FCoE configuration process.
Figure 5-9 Process for configuring an FCoE switch
5.3.1 Command Introduction
When using SSH to log in to and manage an FCoE switch, you can have all supported
commands displayed by inputting "?":
switch# ?
callhome Callhome commands
cd Change current directory
cfs CFS parameters
checkpoint Create configuration rollback checkpoint
clear Reset functions
cli CLI commands
clock Manage the system clock
configure Enter configuration mode
copy Copy from one file to another
debug Debugging functions
debug-filter Enable filtering for debugging functions
delete Delete a file or directory
diff-clean Remove temp files created by '| diff' filters
dir List files in a directory
discover Discover information
dos2nxos DOS to NXOS text file format converter
echo Echo argument back to screen (useful for scripts)
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ethanalyzer Configure cisco packet analyzer
event Event Manager commands
fcdomain Fcdomain internal command
fcping Ping an N-Port
fctrace Trace the route for an N-Port.
find Find a file below the current directory
fips Enable/Disable FIPS mode
gunzip Uncompresses LZ77 coded files
gzip Compresses file using LZ77 coding
hardware Change hardware usage settings
install Upgrade software
ip Configure IP features
ipv6 Configure IPv6 features
load Load system image
locator-led Turn on locator beacon
mkdir Create new directory
modem Modem commands
move Move files
mping Run mping
mtrace Trace multicast path from receiver to source
no Negate a command or set its defaults
ntp NTP configuration
ping Test network reachability
ping6 Test IPv6 network reachability
pktmgr Display Packet Manager information
purge Deletes unused data
pwd View current directory
reload Reboot the entire box
restart Manually restart a component
rmdir Delete a directory
rollback Rollback configuration
routing-context Set the routing context
run-script Run shell scripts
san-port-channel Port-Channel related commands
scripting Configure scripting parameters
send Send message to open sessions
setup Run the basic SETUP command facility
show Show running system information
sleep Sleep for the specified number of seconds
sockets Display sockets status and configuration
ssh SSH to another system
system System management commands
system System configuration commands
tac-pac Save tac info in a compressed .gz file at specific location
tail Display the last part of a file
tar Archiving operations
tclsh Source tclsh script
telnet Telnet to another system
telnet6 Telnet6 to another system using IPv6 addressing
terminal Set terminal line parameters
test Test command
traceroute Traceroute to destination
traceroute6 Traceroute6 to destination
undebug Disable Debugging functions (See also debug)
write Write current configuration
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xml Xml agent
xml Module XML agent
zone Execute Zone Server commands
zoneset Execute zoneset commands
end Go to exec mode
exit Exit from command interpreter
pop Pop mode from stack or restore from name
push Push current mode to stack or save it under name
where Shows the cli context you are in
switch#
For example, to query the model and version, run the following command:
switch# show version
Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software
TAC support: http://www.cisco.com/tac
Documents:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9372/tsd_products_support_series_home.html
Copyright (c) 2002-2012, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
The copyrights to certain works contained herein are owned by
other third parties and are used and distributed under license.
Some parts of this software are covered under the GNU Public
License. A copy of the license is available at
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html.
Software
BIOS: version 3.5.0
loader: version N/A
kickstart: version 5.1(3)N1(1a)
system: version 5.1(3)N1(1a)
power-seq: Module 1: version v1.0
Module 3: version v2.0
uC: version v1.2.0.1
SFP uC: Module 1: v1.0.0.0
BIOS compile time: 02/03/2011
kickstart image file is: bootflash:///n5000-uk9-kickstart.5.1.3.N1.1a.bin
kickstart compile time: 2/7/2012 23:00:00 [02/08/2012 07:49:30]
system image file is: bootflash:///n5000-uk9.5.1.3.N1.1a.bin
system compile time: 2/7/2012 23:00:00 [02/08/2012 12:44:33]
Hardware
cisco Nexus5548 Chassis ("O2 32X10GE/Modular Universal Platform Supervisor")
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU with 8263880 kB of memory.
Processor Board ID FOC16256KUW
Device name: switch
bootflash: 2007040 KB
Kernel uptime is 15 day(s), 1 hour(s), 59 minute(s), 8 second(s)
Last reset at 299763 usecs after Wed Feb 18 05:48:07 2009
Reason: Reset Requested by CLI command reload
System version: 5.1(3)N1(1a)
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Service:
plugin
Core Plugin, Ethernet Plugin, Fc Plugin
5.3.2 Creating a VSAN
To create a VSAN on a Cisco Nexus5548 VSAN, do as follows:
Step 1 Activate FCoE.
switch# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
switch(config)# feature fcoe
fcoe fcoe-npv
switch(config)# feature fcoe
switch(config)# show fcoe
Global FCF details
FCF-MAC is 54:7f:ee:b4:f8:20
FC-MAP is 0e:fc:00
FCF Priority is 128
FKA Advertisement period for FCF is 8 seconds
Step 2 Create a VSAN.
In the following display, the switch(config-vsan-db)# vsan 200 command in red is the VSAN
create command. Additionally, you can run show vsan command to check whether the VSAN
is created successfully.
switch(config)# show vsan
vsan 1 information
name:VSAN0001 state:active
interoperability mode:default
loadbalancing:src-id/dst-id/oxid
operational state:down
vsan 100 information
name:VSAN0100 state:active
interoperability mode:default
loadbalancing:src-id/dst-id/oxid
operational state:up
vsan 4079:evfp_isolated_vsan
vsan 4094:isolated_vsan
switch(config)# vsan database
switch(config-vsan-db)# vsan 200
switch(config-vsan-db)# exit
switch(config)# show vsan
vsan 1 information
name:VSAN0001 state:active
interoperability mode:default
loadbalancing:src-id/dst-id/oxid
operational state:down
vsan 100 information
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name:VSAN0100 state:active
interoperability mode:default
loadbalancing:src-id/dst-id/oxid
operational state:up
vsan 200 information
name:VSAN0200 state:active
interoperability mode:default
loadbalancing:src-id/dst-id/oxid
operational state:down
vsan 4079:evfp_isolated_vsan
vsan 4094:isolated_vsan
----End
5.3.3 Creating a VLAN
To create a VLAN on a CISCO Nexus5548, do as follows:
Step 1 Check for existing VLANs.
switch(config)# show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Eth1/1, Eth1/2, Eth1/4, Eth1/5
Eth1/6, Eth1/7, Eth1/8, Eth1/15
Eth1/21, Eth1/22, Eth1/23
Eth1/24, Eth1/25, Eth1/26
Eth1/27, Eth1/28
100 VLAN0100 active Eth1/1, Eth1/2, Eth1/3, Eth1/4
Eth1/5, Eth1/6, Eth1/7, Eth1/8
Eth1/9, Eth1/10, Eth1/11
Eth1/12, Eth1/13, Eth1/14
Eth1/15, Eth1/16, Eth1/17
Eth1/18, Eth1/19, Eth1/20
VLAN Type Vlan-mode
---- ----- ----------
1 enet CE
100 enet CE
Remote SPAN VLANs
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- --------------- -------------------------------------------
Step 2 Create a VLAN and check whether the creation is successful.
switch(config)# vlan 200
switch(config-vlan)# show vlan
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VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Eth1/1, Eth1/2, Eth1/4, Eth1/5
Eth1/6, Eth1/7, Eth1/8, Eth1/15
Eth1/21, Eth1/22, Eth1/23
Eth1/24, Eth1/25, Eth1/26
Eth1/27, Eth1/28
100 VLAN0100 active Eth1/1, Eth1/2, Eth1/3, Eth1/4
Eth1/5, Eth1/6, Eth1/7, Eth1/8
Eth1/9, Eth1/10, Eth1/11
Eth1/12, Eth1/13, Eth1/14
Eth1/15, Eth1/16, Eth1/17
Eth1/18, Eth1/19, Eth1/20
200 VLAN0200 active Eth1/1, Eth1/2, Eth1/4, Eth1/5
Eth1/6, Eth1/7, Eth1/8, Eth1/15
VLAN Type Vlan-mode
---- ----- ----------
1 enet CE
100 enet CE
200 enet CE
Remote SPAN VLANs
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- --------------- -------------------------------------------
----End
5.3.4 Configuring a Port and Adding It to the VLAN
To configure and add a port to a created VLAN, do as follows:
Step 1 Configure the port running mode and add it to the VLAN.
switch (config)# interface ethernet 1/1
switch (config-if)# switchport mode trunk
switch (config-if)# spanning-tree port type edge trunk
Step 2 Create a VFC and bind it to the physical port.
switch (config)# interface vfc 1
switch (config-if)# bind interface ethernet 1/1
switch (config-if)# no shutdown
Step 3 Add the new VFC to the VSAN.
NEXUS(config)# vsan database
NEXUS(config-vsan-db)# vsan 2 interface vfc 1
----End
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5.3.5 Creating a Zone and Adding the Port to It
To create a zone and add a port to it on a CISCO Nexus5548, do as follows:
Step 1 Check the WWN of the FCoE device connected to the CISCO Nexus5548 switch:
switch# show flogi database
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERFACE VSAN FCID PORT NAME NODE NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
vfc1 100 0x2b0002 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab 20:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
vfc4 100 0x2b0008 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1 20:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1
[lzh1]
vfc5 100 0x2b0007 20:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07 10:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
vfc6 100 0x2b0009 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3 20:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3
[lzh2]
Total number of flogi = 4.
Step 2 On the switch, register a device name for the FCoE device. Then, either the device name or
the WWN can be used during later operations such as zone division.
switch(config)# device-alias database
switch(config-device-alias-db)# device-alias name test1 pwwn 20:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
switch(config-device-alias-db)# device-alias name test2 pwwn 10:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
switch(config-device-alias-db)# device-alias commit
switch(config-device-alias-db)# show device-alias database
device-alias name lzh1 pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1
device-alias name lzh2 pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3
device-alias name lzh3 pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ef
device-alias name lzh4 pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7
device-alias name test1 pwwn 20:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
device-alias name test2 pwwn 10:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
Step 3 Add the device name to the zone.
switch# show zone
zone name zonexzh vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
pwwn 00:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
zone name zonexzh02 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:af
zone name zonexz vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:12:06:03
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ff
zone name lzhzone1 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1 [lzh1]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ef [lzh3]
zone name lzhzone2 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3 [lzh2]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7 [lzh4]
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zone name lzhzone3 vsan 100
switch(config)# zone name lzhzone3 vsan 100
switch(config-zone)# member device-alias test1
switch(config-zone)# member device-alias test2
switch(config-zone)# show zone
zone name zonexzh vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
pwwn 00:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
zone name zonexzh02 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:af
zone name zonexz vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:12:06:03
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ff
zone name lzhzone1 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1 [lzh1]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ef [lzh3]
zone name lzhzone2 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3 [lzh2]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7 [lzh4]
zone name lzhzone3 vsan 100
pwwn 20:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab [test1]
pwwn 10:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07 [test2]
----End
5.3.6 Creating a Zoneset and Adding the Created Zone to It
To create a zoneset and add a zone to it, do as follows:
Step 1 Create a zoneset in the VSAN.
switch(config)# zoneset name lzhzoneset5 vsan 100
switch(config-zoneset)# show zoneset
zoneset name zoneset100 vsan 100
zone name zonexzh vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
pwwn 00:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
zone name zonexzh02 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:af
zone name zonexz vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:12:06:03
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ff
zone name lzhzone1 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1 [lzh1]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ef [lzh3]
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zone name lzhzone2 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3 [lzh2]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7 [lzh4]
zoneset name lzhzoneset5 vsan 100
Step 2 Add the zone to the created zoneset.
switch(config-zoneset)# member lzhzone3
switch(config-zoneset)# show zoneset
zoneset name zoneset100 vsan 100
zone name zonexzh vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab
pwwn 00:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07
zone name zonexzh02 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:af
zone name zonexz vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:12:06:03
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ff
zone name lzhzone1 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a1 [lzh1]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:ef [lzh3]
zone name lzhzone2 vsan 100
pwwn 21:00:00:c0:dd:13:e2:a3 [lzh2]
pwwn 20:00:00:07:43:ab:cd:f7 [lzh4]
zoneset name lzhzoneset5 vsan 100
zone name lzhzone3 vsan 100
pwwn 20:00:00:0e:1e:0a:6b:ab [test1]
pwwn 10:00:00:07:43:ab:ce:07 [test2]\
Step 3 Activate the zoneset.
switch (config)# zoneset activate name zoneset_1 vsan 2
zoneset activation initiated. check zone status
WARNING
Generally, for an FCoE switch, only one zoneset can be activated. Therefore, it is advisable to
keep all the zones in a same zoneset, preventing impacts on other services.
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6 Establishing Fibre Channel Connections
After the physical connections are set up between a Windows host and a storage system and
zone division on the switch is completed, the FC connections between the Windows and the
storage system will be automatically available. You can verify whether the FC connections are
available by checking whether the host initiator status is online.
6.1 Checking Topology Modes
There are three topology modes available to Fibre Channel networks: point-to-point,
arbitrated loop, and switches fabric. Table 6-1 compares the three topology modes.
Table 6-1 Comparison among the three topology modes
Property Point-to-Point Arbitrated Loop Switched Fabric
Number of ports 2 2 to 127 Up to 224
Max. bandwidth Link rate x 2 Link rate x 2 Link rate x Number
of ports
Bandwidth
allocation rule
Dedicated Shared by ports in a
loop
Allocated by
switches
Address allocation
mechanism
N_Port Login Loop initialization or
Fabric Login
Fabric Login
Number of
concurrent
channels
1 1 Number of ports/2
Impact of port
failures
Link failure Loop failure (when
port bypass is
unavailable)
Links fail between
the failed port and
switches
Scalability Extra
point-to-point links
Public loop Expansion switch
High reliability Redundant ports
and point-to-point
links
Dual-loop and
dual-port
Redundancy switch
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Property Point-to-Point Arbitrated Loop Switched Fabric
Link rate All All (The link rates to
devices on a loop must
be the same.)
All (support for
mixing rate)
Media type All All All
Service category All Categories 1, 2, 3 All
Frame transfer
order
Organized Organized Unorganized
Congestion No Yes No
On a directly connected network, the topology mode of the storage system must be the same
as that of HBAs.
To learn about port adaption of storage systems, refer to the related version mappings.
The method for checking topology modes varies with storage systems. The following
describes how to check the topology mode of the OceanStor T series storage system and the
OceanStor 18000 series enterprise storage system.
6.1.2 OceanStor T V1 Series Storage System
The check method is as follows:
In the ISM navigation tree, choose Device Info > Storage Unit > Ports. In the function pane,
click FC Host Ports. Select a port connected to the host and then view the port details, as
shown in Figure 6-1.
Figure 6-1 Fibre Channel port details
As shown in the preceding figure, the topology mode of the OceanStor T series storage
system is Public Loop.
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6.1.3 OceanStor 18000/T V2 /V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System
For the OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001), the check method is as follows:
In the ISM navigation tree, choose System. Then click the device view icon in the upper right
corner. Choose Controller Enclosure ENG0 > Controller > Interface Module > FC Port
and click the port whose details that you want to view, as shown in Figure 6-2.
In the navigation tree, you can see controller A and controller B, each of which has different interface
modules. Choose a controller and an interface module based on actual conditions.
Figure 6-2 Fibre Channel port details
As shown in the preceding figure, the port working mode of the OceanStor 18000 series
enterprise storage system is P2P.
6.1.4 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System
For the OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and later)/Dorado V3, the check method is as follows:
In the DeviceManager navigation tree, choose System. Then click the device view icon in the
upper right corner. Choose Controller Enclosure > Controller > Interface Module > FC
Port and click the port whose details that you want to view, as shown in Figure 6-2.
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Figure 6-3 Fibre Channel port details
As shown in the preceding figure, the port working mode of the storage system is P2P.
6.2 Adding Initiators
This section describes how to add host HBA initiators on a storage system. Perform the
following steps to add initiators:
Step 1 Check HBA WWNs on the host.
Step 2 Check host WWNs on the storage system and add the identified WWNs to the host.
The method for checking host WWNs varies with storage systems. The following describes
how to check WWNs on the OceanStor T series storage system and the OceanStor 18000
storage system.
OceanStor T Series Storage System
Log in to the ISM and choose SAN Services > Mappings > Initiators in the navigation
tree. In the function pane, check the initiator information. Ensure that the WWNs in step
1 are identified. If the WWNs are not identified, check the Fibre Channel port status.
Ensure that the port status is normal.
OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System
Log in to the ISM and choose Host in the navigation tree. On the Host tab page that is
displayed, select a host, click Add Initiator, and check that the WWNs in step 1 are found.
If the WWNs are not identified, check the Fibre Channel port status. Ensure that the port
status is normal.
OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later) Series Enterprise Storage System
Log in to the storage management system DeviceManager. In the DeviceManager
navigation tree, choose Resource Allocation > Host. Select the target host in the host
list and click Add Initiator. In the displayed Add Initiator page, set Initiator Type to
FC. In the displayed FC initiator list, search for and select the initiator corresponding to
the Windows system WWN. Click to add the host and click OK.
----End
6.3 Establishing Connections
Add the WWNs (initiators) to the host and ensure that the initiator connection status is
Online.
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If the initiator status is Online, Fibre Channel connections are established correctly.
If the initiator status is Offline, check the physical links and topology mode.
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7 Establishing iSCSI Connections
IP addresses and iSCSI services need to be configured before you establish iSCSI connections.
The procedure for establishing iSCSI connections is as follows:
1. Confirm that required software packages are installed on the host.
2. Configure service IP addresses on the host and the storage system.
3. Configure iSCSI initiators on the host.
4. Check the iSCSI targets of the storage system.
5. Configure the iSCSI service on the host.
6. Check initiators on the storage system and establish connection.
7.2 Checking Windows iSCSI Initiator Software
Windows Server 2008 and later has built-in iSCSI Initiator software. If your operating system
version is earlier than Windows Server 2008, download the iSCSI Initiator installation
package, as shown in Figure 7-1.
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Figure 7-1 iSCSI Initiator page
You are advised to install Windows iSCSI Initiator 2.08 or later.
7.3 Configuring Storage Service IP Addresses
Storage systems and hosts use IP addresses to identify each other in iSCSI services. Therefore,
service IP addresses must be configured for storage systems and hosts.
Different versions of storage systems support different IP protocols. Specify the IP protocols
for storage systems based on actual storage system versions and application scenarios.
Observe the following principles when configuring IP addresses of iSCSI ports on storage
systems:
The IP addresses of an iSCSI host port and a management network port must reside on
different network segments.
The IP addresses of an iSCSI host port and a heartbeat network port must reside on
different network segments.
The IP addresses of the iSCSI host ports on the same controller cannot be in the same
network segment.
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CAUTION
Read-only users are not allowed to modify the IP address of an iSCSI host port.
Modifying the IP address of an iSCSI host port will interrupt the services on the port.
The IP address configuration varies with storage systems. The following explains how to
configure IPv4 addresses on the OceanStor T series storage system and the OceanStor 18000
series enterprise storage system.
7.3.1 OceanStor T Series Storage System
Perform the following steps:
Step 1 In the ISM navigation tree, choose Device Info > Storage Unit > Ports. In the function pane,
click iSCSI Host Ports.
Select a port and choose IP Address > Modify IPv4 Address in the tool bar, as shown in
Figure 7-2.
Figure 7-2 Modifying IPv4 addresses
Step 2 In the ISM navigation tree, choose Device Info > Storage Unit > Ports. In the function pane,
click iSCSI Host Ports.
In the dialog box that is displayed, enter the new IP address and subnet mask and click OK.
----End
7.3.2 OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System
Perform the following steps:
Step 1 Go to the iSCSI Host Port dialog box.
Then perform the following steps:
1. On the right navigation bar, click .
2. In the basic information area of the function pane, click the device icon.
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3. In the middle function pane, click the cabinet whose iSCSI ports you want to view.
4. Click the controller enclosure where the desired iSCSI host ports reside. The controller
enclosure view is displayed.
5. Click to switch to the rear view.
6. Click the iSCSI host port whose information you want to modify.
7. The iSCSI Host Port dialog box is displayed.
8. Click Modify.
Step 2 Modify the iSCSI host port.
1. In IPv4 Address or IPv6 Address, enter the IP address of the iSCSI host port.
2. In Subnet Mask or Prefix, enter the subnet mask or prefix of the iSCSI host port.
3. In MTU (Byte), enter the maximum size of data packet that can be transferred between
the iSCSI host port and the host. The value is an integer ranging from 1500 to 9216.
Step 3 Confirm the iSCSI host port modification.
1. Click Apply. The Danger dialog box is displayed.
2. Carefully read the contents of the dialog box. Then click the check box next to the
statement I have read the previous information and understood subsequences of the
operation to confirm the information.
3. Click OK. The Success dialog box is displayed, indicating that the operation succeeded.
4. Click OK.
----End
7.3.3 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System
Perform the following steps (with the OceanStor V3's SmartIO port as an example):
Step 1 Go to the iSCSI Host Port dialog box.
Then perform the following steps:
1. On the DeviceManager navigation tree, select System.
2. In the left working area, choose Controller Enclosure > Controller > Interface
Module > Ports.
3. Click the controller enclosure where the desired iSCSI host ports reside.
The controller enclosure view is displayed.
4. Select the desired iSCSI host port. In the displayed FCoE Port window, select the
Ethernet Port tab.
5. Click Modify.
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Figure 7-3 Port configuration
Step 2 Modify the iSCSI host port.
1. In IPv4 Address or IPv6 Address, enter the IP address of the iSCSI host port.
2. In Subnet Mask or Prefix, enter the subnet mask or prefix of the iSCSI host port.
3. In MTU (Byte), enter the maximum size of data packet that can be transferred between
the iSCSI host port and the host. The value is an integer ranging from 1280 to 9216.
Figure 7-4 Ethernet port configuration
Step 3 Confirm the iSCSI host port modification.
1. Click Apply. The Danger dialog box is displayed.
2. Carefully read the contents of the dialog box. Then click the check box next to the
statement I have read the previous information and understood subsequences of the
operation to confirm the information.
3. Click OK. The Success dialog box is displayed, indicating that the operation succeeded.
4. Click OK.
----End
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7.4 Host
7.4.1 Configuring IP Addresses on a Host
The network interface configuration steps differ with the OS version. The following shows
how to set IP addresses for the host system (with Windows Server 2003 and 2008 as
examples).
Step 1 Choose Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network Connections. Right-click the
desired network port and choose Properties from the shortcut menu.
Step 2 Double-click Internet Protocol Version 4. In the dialog box that is displayed, configure the
IPv4 address, as shown in Figure 7-5.
Figure 7-5 Modifying IPv4 addresses
Select Use the following IP address and configure the following parameters:
IP address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
----End
For Windows Server 2012/2016, you can set the host IP address as follows:
Step 1 Choose Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Center > Change
adapter settings. Right-click the desired network port and choose Properties from the
shortcut menu.
Step 2 Double-click Internet Protocol Version 4. In the displayed Internet Protocol Version 4
(TCP/IPv4) Properties window, set the IPv4 address.
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Figure 7-6 IP address modification page
Select the Use the following IP address option and set parameters:
IP address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
----End
7.4.2 Configuring Initiators on a Host
Perform the following steps to configure initiators on a host:
Step 1 Ensure that the network connectivity is normal between the host and the storage system.
Ping each other's IP address on the host and storage system respectively.
Step 2 Enter a name for the initiator.
On the iSCSI Initiator Properties page, click the Configuration tab and enter the initiator
name, as shown in Figure 7-7.
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Figure 7-7 Entering the initiator name
In this example, the initiator name is iqn.1991-05.com.microsoft:win-bs.1s108mrc2.
An iSCSI initiator name must comply with the following format:
iqn.domaindate.reverse.domain.name:optional name
An iSCSI initiator name contains only:
Special characters: hyphens (-), periods (.), and semicolons (:)
Lower-case letters, for example, a to z
Digits, for example, 0 to 9
Step 3 Discover the target.
On the Discovery tab page, click Discover Portal. In the dialog box that is displayed, enter
the IP address of the storage system, as shown in Figure 7-8.
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Figure 7-8 Configuring the target IP address
Keep the default iSCSI port 3260 unchanged.
Step 4 Set up connections.
On the Target tab page, select the newly discovered target and click Connect. Check whether
the connection status of the target is connected. If yes, the connections are correctly set up
between the host and the storage system.
----End
7.4.3 Establishing Connections
After completing configurations on the host, discover initiators on the storage system. The
methods of adding initiators and LUNs are the same as those in establishing Fibre Channel
connections. For details, see section 6.3 "Establishing Connections."
7.5 Configuring CHAP Authentication
CHAP authentication is configured to protect iSCSI link security. After CHAP authentication
is configured, a host can connect a discovered target only after correct user name and
password are provided.
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The following describes how to configure CHAP authentication on a host and storage system
respectively.
7.5.1 Storage System
The method for configuring CHAP authentication varies with storage systems. The following
describes how to configure CHAP authentication on the OceanStor T series storage systems
and the OceanStor 18000 series enterprise storage systems.
7.5.1.1 OceanStor T V1 Series Storage System
Perform the following steps:
Step 1 Go to the CHAP configuration page.
In the ISM navigation tree, choose SAN Services > Mappings > Initiators. In the function
pane, select the initiator whose CHAP authentication you want to configure and choose
CHAP > CHAP Configuration in the navigation bar, as shown in Figure 7-9.
Figure 7-9 Initiator CHAP configuration
Step 2 In the CHAP Configuration dialog box that is displayed, click Create in the lower right
corner, as shown in Figure 7-10.
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Figure 7-10 CHAP Configuration dialog box
In the Create CHAP dialog box that is displayed, enter the CHAP user name and password,
as shown in Figure 7-11.
Figure 7-11 Create CHAP dialog box
CAUTION
The CHAP user name contains 4 to 25 characters and the password contains 12 to 16
characters.
The limitations to CHAP user name and password vary with storage systems. For details, see
the help documentation of corresponding storage systems.
Step 3 Assign the CHAP user name and password to the initiator, as shown in Figure 7-12.
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Figure 7-12 Assigning the CHAP account to the initiator
Step 4 Enable the CHAP account that is assigned to the host.
In the ISM navigation tree, choose SAN Services > Mappings > Initiators. In the function
pane, select the initiator whose CHAP account is to be enabled and choose CHAP > Status
Settings in the navigation bar, as shown in Figure 7-13.
Figure 7-13 Setting CHAP status
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Step 5 In the Status Settings dialog box that is displayed, choose Enabled from the CHAP Status
drop-down list, as shown in Figure 7-14.
Figure 7-14 Enabling CHAP
On the ISM, view the initiator status, as shown in Figure 7-15.
Figure 7-15 Initiator status after CHAP is enabled
----End
7.5.1.2 OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System
The iSCSI initiators' CHAP authentication methods are similar for OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3
systems. The following uses OceanStor V3 (V300R001) as an example to describe how to
configure CHAP authentication.
Step 1 On DeviceManager, click the icon on the right navigation tree. Then, click Host
in the displayed page.
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Figure 7-16 Storage configuration page
Step 2 Select the host for which CHAP authentication needs to be enabled. In the initiator list, select
the target initiator and click Modify.
Figure 7-17 Host configuration page
Step 3 In the displayed Modify Initiator dialog box, select Enable CHAP authentication, enter the
CHAP name and password, and then click OK.
Figure 7-18 Initiator configuration page
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CHAP authentication is configured on the storage system.
----End
7.5.1.3 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System
The iSCSI CHAP authentication methods are similar for OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and later).
The following uses OceanStor V3 (V300R002) as an example to describe CHAP
authentication configuration steps.
Step 1 On DeviceManager, click Provisioning on the right navigation tree. Then, click Host in the
displayed page.
Figure 7-19 Storage configuration page
Step 2 Select the host for which CHAP authentication needs to be enabled. In the initiator list, select
the target initiator and click Modify.
Figure 7-20 Host configuration page
Step 3 In the displayed Modify Initiator dialog box, select Enable CHAP authentication, enter the
CHAP name and password, and then click OK.
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Figure 7-21 Initiator configuration page
CHAP authentication is configured on the storage system.
----End
7.5.2 Host
7.5.2.1 Configuring CHAP Information
Go to the Target tab page, select the desired target, and click Connect. On the dialog box that
is displayed, click Advanced. In the dialog box that is displayed, enter the user name and
password configured on the storage system, as shown in Figure 7-22.
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Figure 7-22 Connecting to the target on a host through CHAP authentication
7.5.2.2 Updating Favorite Target Information
Windows iSCSI Initiator will automatically connect to favorite targets after down links are
recovered. However, when CHAP authentication is configured, iSCSI Initiator will not
automatically update CHAP authentication information about the favorite targets before
automatic target connection. As a result, the automatic target connection may fail. To ensure
correct connection to favorite targets, update favorite target information after configuring
CHAP authentication.
Perform the following steps:
Step 1 On the Favorite Target tab page of iSCSI Initiator, delete the previously configured target.
Step 2 Reconnect to the iSCSI target. Enter the user name and password of CHAP authentication and
select Add this connection to the list of Favorite Targets.
----End
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8 Mapping and Using LUNs
8.1 LUN mapping
After a storage system is connected to a Windows host, map the storage system LUNs to the
host.
Two methods are available for mapping LUNs:
Mapping LUNs to a host: This method is applicable to scenarios where only one
small-scale client is deployed.
Mapping LUNs to a host group: This method is applicable to cluster environments or
scenarios where multiple clients are deployed.
The method for mapping LUNs varies with storage systems. The following describes how to
map LUNs of the OceanStor T series storage system and the OceanStor 18000 series
enterprise storage system.
8.1.1 OceanStor T Series Storage System
8.1.1.1 Prerequisites
RAID groups have been created on the storage system. LUNs have been created on the RAID
groups.
8.1.1.2 Procedure
This document explains how to map LUNs to a host. Perform the following steps to map
LUNs to a host:
Step 1 In the ISM navigation tree, choose SAN Services > Mappings >Hosts.
Step 2 In the function pane, select the desired host. In the navigation bar, choose Mapping > Add
LUN Mapping. The Add LUN Mapping dialog box is displayed.
Step 3 Select LUNs that you want to map to the host and click OK.
----End
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CAUTION
When mapping LUNs on a storage system to a host, ensure that the host LUN whose ID is 0
is mapped.
8.1.2 OceanStor 18000/T V2/V3 (V300R001) Series Enterprise Storage System
8.1.2.1 Prerequisites
LUNs, LUN groups, hosts, and host groups have been created on the storage system.
8.1.2.2 Procedure
This document explains how to map LUNs to a host. Perform the following steps to map
LUNs to a host:
Step 1 Go to the Create Mapping View dialog box.
Then perform the following steps:
1. On the right navigation bar, click .
2. On the host management page, click Mapping View.
3. Click Create. The Create Mapping View dialog box is displayed.
Step 2 Set basic properties for the mapping view.
1. In the Name text box, enter a name for the mapping view.
2. (Optional) In the Description text box, describe the mapping view.
Step 3 Add a LUN group to the mapping view.
1. Click . The Select LUN Group dialog box is displayed.
If your service requires a new LUN group, click Create to create one.
You can select Shows only the LUN groups that do not belong to any mapping view to quickly locate
LUN groups.
2. From the LUN group list, select the LUN groups you want to add to the mapping view.
3. Click OK.
Step 4 Add a host group to the mapping view.
1. Click .
If your service requires a new host group, click Create to create one.
2. The Select Host Group dialog box is displayed.
3. From the host group list, select the host group you want to add to the mapping view.
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4. Click OK.
Step 5 (Optional) Add a port group to the mapping view.
1. Select Port Group.
2. Click .
3. The Select Port Group dialog box is displayed.
If your service requires a new port group, click Create to create one.
4. From the port group list, select the port group you want to add to the mapping view.
5. Click OK.
Step 6 Confirm the creation of the mapping view.
1. Click OK. The Execution Result dialog box is displayed, indicating that the operation
succeeded.
2. Click Close.
----End
8.1.3 OceanStor V3 (V300R002 and Later)/Dorado V3 Series Enterprise Storage System
8.1.3.1 Prerequisites
LUNs, LUN groups, hosts, and host groups have been created on the storage system.
8.1.3.2 Procedure
This document explains how to map LUNs to a host. Perform the following steps to map
LUNs to a host:
Step 1 Go to the Create Mapping View dialog box.
Then perform the following steps:
1. On the right navigation bar, click Provisioning.
2. On the host management page, click Mapping View.
3. Click Create. The Create Mapping View dialog box is displayed.
Step 2 Set basic properties for the mapping view.
1. In the Name text box, enter a name for the mapping view.
2. (Optional) In the Description text box, describe the mapping view.
Step 3 Add a LUN group to the mapping view.
1. Click . The Select LUN Group dialog box is displayed.
If your service requires a new LUN group, click Create to create one.
You can select Shows only the LUN groups that do not belong to any mapping view to quickly locate
LUN groups.
2. From the LUN group list, select the LUN groups you want to add to the mapping view.
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3. Click OK.
Step 4 Add a host group to the mapping view.
1. Click .
If your service requires a new host group, click Create to create one.
2. The Select Host Group dialog box is displayed.
3. From the host group list, select the host group you want to add to the mapping view.
4. Click OK.
Step 5 (Optional) Add a port group to the mapping view.
1. Select Port Group.
2. Click .
3. The Select Port Group dialog box is displayed.
If your service requires a new port group, click Create to create one. Only ports in the port group can be
used for the host system to access the mapped storage.
4. From the port group list, select the port group you want to add to the mapping view.
5. Click OK.
Step 6 Confirm the creation of the mapping view.
1. Click OK. The Execution Result dialog box is displayed, indicating that the operation
succeeded.
2. Click Close.
----End
8.2 Using the Mapped LUNs
After the mapped LUNs are detected on a host, you can use the LUNs after scanning for them.
For details about how to scan for LUNs, see section 1.4.3 "Disk Management Commands."
If you want to create file systems, use the Windows volume management tool. Creating file
system is simple and therefore not detailed here.
If the host and the storage system are connected over a multi-path network, see chapter 9
"Multipathing Management" to configure the multipathing function.
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9 Multipathing Management
9.1 Overview
Windows supports two pieces of multipathing software: UltraPath and Windows Microsoft
Multi-Path IO (MPIO).
UltraPath is a Huawei's self-developed software product. For details, see the UltraPath
product documentation.
MPIO is a framework provided by Microsoft. It allows storage vendors to develop
multipathing solutions that contain the hardware-specific information needed to optimize
connectivity with the storage systems. MPIO can be used independently. This software helps
balance load among multiple paths and implement path selection and failover between storage
systems and hosts.
The chapter details the functions and configuration of MPIO.
9.2 MPIO Policies
MPIO supports six policies: Fail Over Only, Round Robin, Round Robin with Subset
(RRWS), Least Queue Depth, Weighed Paths, and Least Blocks. The following details each
policy.
Fail Over Only
This policy does not perform load balancing. This policy uses a single active path, and the rest
of the paths are standby paths. The active path is used for sending all I/O. If the active path
fails, then one of the standby paths is used. When the failed path is reactivated or reconnected,
the standby path that was activated returns to standby.
Round Robin
This load balancing policy allows the Device Specific Module (DSM) to use all available
paths for MPIO in a balanced way. This is the default policy that is chosen when the storage
controller follows the active-active model and the management application does not
specifically choose a load balancing policy.
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Round Robin with Subset
This load balancing policy allows the application to specify a set of paths to be used in a
round robin fashion, and with a set of standby paths. The DSM uses paths from a primary path
pool for processing requests as long as at least one of the paths is available. The DSM uses a
standby path only when all the primary paths fail. For example, given 4 paths: A, B, C, and D,
paths A, B, and C are listed as primary paths and D is the standby path. The DSM chooses a
path from A, B, and C in round robin fashion as long as at least one of them is available. If all
three paths fail, the DSM uses D, the standby path. If paths A, B, or C become available,
the DSM stops using path D and switches to the available paths among A, B, and C.
Least Queue Depth
This load balancing policy sends I/O down the path with the fewest currently outstanding I/O
requests. For example, consider that there is one I/O sent to LUN 1 on Path 1, and the other
I/O is sent to LUN 2 on Path 2. The cumulative outstanding I/O on Path 1 is 2, and on Path 2
is 0. Therefore, the next I/O for either LUN will process on Path 2.
Weighed Paths
This load balancing policy assigns a weight to each path. The weight indicates the relative
priority of a given path. The large the number, the lower ranked the priority. The DSM
chooses the least-weighted path from among the available paths.
Least Blocks
This load balancing policy sends I/O down the path with the least number of data blocks
currently being processed. For example, consider that there are two I/Os: one is 10 bytes and
the other is 20 bytes. Both are in process on Path 1, and both have completed Path 2. The
cumulative outstanding amount of I/O on Path 1 is 30 bytes. On Path 2, it is 0. Therefore, the
next I/O will process on Path 2.
9.3 Installation and Configuration
9.3.1 Precautions
Registry keys related to MPIO may be changed after other software is installed on the host.
Before using MPIO, make sure that all MPIO-related registry keys are not changed. Pay
special attention to PathVerifyEnabled. You are advised to configure parameters as shown in
Figure 9-1.
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Figure 9-1 Configuring MPIO parameters in the registry
To configure the parameter, run CMD command regedit to start Registry Editor, and choose
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > SYSTEM > CurrentControlSet > Services > mpio >
Parameters.
CAUTION
The MPIO-related registry keys are changed after software that interworks with MPIO is
installed. In this case, you need to confirm and restore those registry keys to defaults when
using MPIO to manage the mapped LUNs.
9.3.2 Procedure
As a built-in service in Windows, MPIO is disabled by default. You need to manually enable
it. Moreover, ALUA must be configured on storage systems as required. This section uses
Windows Server 2008 R2 as an example to describe how to install and configure MPIO. The
MPIO installation and configuration procedures are the same as these for Windows Server
2008 R2 and therefore will not be detailed. For more details, see the Microsoft official
documentations
Step 1 Add Multipath I/O.
Start Serer Manager, choose Feature, and select Multipath I/O, as shown in Figure 9-2.
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Figure 9-2 Adding Multipath I/O
Step 2 Query device VID and PID.
VID: indicates the vendor ID, for example, HUAWEI.
PID: indicates the product ID, for example, S5500T, S5600T, or XSG.
In Device Management, right-click the SCSI device that you want to add and choose
Properties from the shortcut menu. In the dialog box that is displayed, choose Hardware Ids
from the Property drop-down list to view VID and PID, as shown in Figure 9-3.
Figure 9-3 Viewing VID and PID
As shown in the preceding figure, VID is HUASY and PID is S5600T.
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If MPIO is installed on Windows 2008 or later versions, you can use multipathing command
mpclaim to query disk information, as shown in Figure 9-4.
Figure 9-4 Querying disk information
As shown in the preceding figure, VID is HUAWEI and PID is S2600.
CAUTION
The PID and VID in this section are examples only. PID and VID are subject to actual
conditions.
Step 3 Configure MPIO to take over the storage system. You can add the target storage system on
the MPIO console or run a command on the CMD command window to take over the storage.
In this example, a command is run on the CMD window:
On the Windows server, open the CMD command line window and run the mpclaim -r -i -d
"HUAWEI XSG1" command, as shown in Figure 9-5.
Figure 9-5 Taking over Huawei storage
The VID must contain eight characters and the PID must contain 12 characters. If characters are
insufficient, add spaces. You can copy the command from the output of the mpclaim -e command.
WARNING
After the mpclaim -r -i -d "HUAWEI XSG1" command is executed, the host automatically
restarts.
Step 4 View MPIO policies.
Rescan for disks after restarting the host. Ensure that the number of discovered disks is
consistent with that of LUNs mapped to the host. Right-click a disk and choose Properties
from the shortcut menu. You can view the policies on the MPIO tab page, as shown in Figure
9-6.
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Figure 9-6 MPIO policy management page
Normally, the default MPIO policy is preferred.
The default policy varies with operating system configurations. Table 9-1 lists the default
policies for commonly used operating systems.
Table 9-1 Default MPIO policy
Operating System Storage System
Default MPIO Policy Remarks
Windows Server 2008 ALUA enabled Round Robin With
Subset
ALUA disabled Fail over only
Windows Server 2008 R2 ALUA enabled Round Robin With
Subset
ALUA disabled Round Robin
Windows Server 2012 ALUA enabled Round Robin With
Subset
ALUA disabled Round Robin
Windows Server 2012 DC ALUA enabled Round Robin With
Subset
ALUA disabled Round Robin
Windows Server 2016 ALUA enabled Round Robin With
Subset
ALUA disabled Round Robin
For Windows in non-HyperMetro networking, it is advisable to use the default MPIO policy.
Step 5 Reset a path state.
You need to reset a path state for special scenarios or requirements.
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For example, if the policy is set to Fail Over Only, only one activate path is allowed. You need
to change the state of other paths to standby.
In Windows 2008, set the state of the path connected to the owning controller to
Active/Optimized and set the state of paths connected to other controllers to
Active/Unoptimized.
Figure 9-7 shows the path details configuration page.
Figure 9-7 Path details configuration page
Windows MPIO allows each LUN to have a maximum of 32 paths. If a LUN has more than 32 paths, the
Windows host may display a blue screen. Therefore, when using Windows MPIO to arrange LUN paths,
ensure that each LUN has fewer than 32 paths.
If a storage system does not support ALUA, configure the MPIO policy to the one applicable to storage
systems with ALUA disabled.
Step 6 Save the path state configuration.
States of paths to disks are not updated on the MPIO policy configuration page immediately
after being changed. You need to click OK to save path state changes on the MPIO policy
configuration page and open the page again to check the path states.
----End
9.4 Common Management Commands
You can use the following CMD commands to manage MPIO. Table 9-2 lists the commands.
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Table 9-2 CMD commands for MPIO management
Function Syntax
Views the currently installed
features.
dism /online /get-features
Activates MPIO. dism /online /enable-feature:MultipathIo
Deactivates MPIO. dism /online /disable-feature:MultipathIo
Views the discovered storage
devices.
mpclaim -e
Uses MPIO to manage Fibre
Channel devices.
mpclaim.exe -r -i -d <_VendorID> <_ProductID>
Disables MPIO from
managing Fibre Channel
devices.
mpclaim.exe -r -u -d <_VendorID> <_ProductID>
Uses MPIO to manage iSCSI
devices.
mpclaim -r -i -d "MSFT2005iSCSIBusType_0x9"
Disables MPIO from
managing iSCSI devices.
mpclaim.exe -r -u -d "MSFT2005iSCSIBusType_0x9"
Uses MPIO to manage all
storage devices.
mpclaim.exe -r -i -a ""
Disables MPIO from
managing all storage devices.
mpclaim.exe -r -u -a ""
Views storage devices
managed by Microsoft DSM.
mpclaim -r
Modifies the load balancing
policy.
mpclaim.exe –L –M <_num>
VendorID must be eight bytes long and ProductID 16 bytes long. If VendorID or ProductID
contains fewer bytes, use spaces as placeholders.
For details about the meaning of parameter num in the command for modifying the load balancing
policy, see Table 9-3.
Table 9-3 Meaning of parameter num in the command for modifying the load balancing policy
Parameter Definition
0 Clear the Policy
1 Failover Only
2 Round Robin
3 Round Robin with Subset
4 Least Queue Depth
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Parameter Definition
5 Weighted Paths
6 Least Blocks
7 Vendor Specific
9.5 Uninstallation
Third-party multipathing software can be installed correctly only after MPIO is uninstalled.
When installing third-party multipathing software, you are prompted to uninstall MPIO to
avoid software conflict.
Perform the following steps to uninstall MPIO:
Step 1 Clear all iSCSI devices managed by MPIO. On the MPIO Device tab page, click Remove to
delete storage devices, as shown in Figure 9-8.
Figure 9-8 Deleting iSCSI devices managed by MPIO
It is of great importance to delete devices managed by MPIO before you uninstall MPIO. If devices
managed by MPIO are not deleted, third-party multipathing software still cannot be installed correctly or
manage storage devices correctly after MPIO is uninstalled.
Step 2 In Server Management, choose Remove Features. On Remove Features Wizard that is
displayed, deselect Multipath I/O and click Next, as shown in Figure 9-9.
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Figure 9-9 Deleting Multipath I/O
Step 3 Click Remove and restart the host for the uninstallation to take effect.
----End
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10 Windows MPIO Policy Configuration
The MPIO policy differs with the OS version.
This chapter describes the MPIO policy configurations recommended when Windows hosts
and HUAWEI storage systems are interconnected.
HUAWEI storage firmwares' support for the OS-inherent multipathing HyperMetro solution
is as follows:
Old-version HUAWEI storage (namely, storage that does not support multi-controller ALUA or ALUA HyperMetro): OceanStor T V1/T V2/18000
V1/V300R001/V300R002/V300R003C00/V300R003C10/V300R005/Dorado V300R001C00
New-version HUAWEI storage (namely, storage that supports multi-controller ALUA
and ALUA HyperMetro): V300R003C20/V300R006C00 (only V300R006C00SPC100 and
later)/Dorado V300R001C01 (only V300R001C01SPC100 and later)
10.1.1 NMP Configuration for New-Version HUAWEI Storage
10.1.1.1 HyperMetro Working Modes
Typically, HyperMetro works in load balancing mode or local preferred mode. The
typical working modes are valid only when both the storage system and host use ALUA. It is
advised to set the host's path selection policy to round-robin. If HyperMetro works in load
balancing mode, the host's path selection policy must be round-robin. If the host does not use
ALUA or its path selection policy is not round-robin, the host's multipathing policy
determines the working mode of HyperMetro.
HyperMetro storage arrays can be classified into a local and a remote array by their distance
to the host. The one closer to the host is the local array and the other one is the remote array.
Table 10-1 describes the configuration methods and application scenarios of the
typical working modes.
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Table 10-1 Configuration methods and application scenarios of the typical working modes
Working Mode
Configuration Method Application Scenario
Load balancing
mode
Enable ALUA on the host and set the path
selection policy to round-robin.
Configure a switchover mode that supports
ALUA for both HyperMetro storage arrays'
initiators that are added to the host.
Set the path type for both storage arrays'
initiators to the optimal path.
The distance between
both HyperMetro
storage arrays is less
than 1 km. For example,
they are in the same
equipment room or on
the same floor.
Local preferred
mode
Enable ALUA on the host. It is advised to set
the path selection policy to round-robin.
Configure a switchover mode that supports
ALUA for both HyperMetro storage arrays'
initiators that are added to the host.
Set the path type for the local storage array's
initiators to the optimal path and that for the
remote storage array's initiators to the
non-optimal path.
The distance between
both HyperMetro
storage arrays is greater
than 1 km. For example,
they are in different
locations or data centers.
Other modes Set the initiator switchover mode for the
HyperMetro storage arrays by following
instructions in the follow-up chapters in this
guide. The path type does not require manual
configuration.
User-defined
10.1.1.1.2 Working Principles and Failover
When ALUA works, the host multipathing software divides the physical paths to disks into
Active Optimized (AO) and Active Non-optimized (AN) paths. The host delivers services to
the storage system via the AO paths preferentially.
An AO path is the optimal I/O access path and is between the host and a working
controller.
An AN path is the suboptimal I/O access path and is between the host and a non-working
controller.
When HyperMetro works in load balancing mode, the host multipathing software selects the
paths to the working controllers on both HyperMetro storage arrays as the AO paths, and
those to the other controllers as the AN paths. The host accesses the storage arrays via the AO
paths. If an AO path fails, the host delivers I/Os to another AO path. If the working controller
of a storage array fails, the system switches the other controller to the working mode and
maintains load balancing.
Host
A B A B
AO AOAN AN
Host
A B A B
AO AOAO’AN
Site A Site B Site A Site B
Path failure SP failure
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When HyperMetro works in local preferred mode, the host multipathing software selects the
paths to the working controller on the local storage array as the AO paths. This ensures that
the host delivers I/Os only to the working controller on the local storage array, reducing link
consumption. If all AO paths fail, the host delivers I/Os to the AN paths on the non-working
controller. If the working controller of the local storage array fails, the system switches the
other controller to the working mode and maintains the local preferred mode.
Host
A B A B
AO ANAN AN
Host
A B A B
AO ANAO’ AN
Site A Site B Site A Site B
Path failure SP failure
10.1.1.2 Introduction to ALUA
10.1.1.2.1 ALUA Definition
Asymmetric Logical Unit Access (ALUA) is a multi-target port access model. In a
multipathing state, the ALUA model provides a way of presenting active/passive LUNs to a
host and offers a port status switching interface to switch over the working controller. For
example, when a host multipathing program that supports ALUA detects a port status change
(the port becomes unavailable) on a faulty controller, the program will automatically switch
subsequent I/Os to the other controller.
10.1.1.2.2 Support by HUAWEI Storage
Old-version HUAWEI storage supports ALUA only in dual-controller configuration, but not
in multi-controller or HyperMetro configuration.
New-version HUAWEI storage supports ALUA in dual-controller, multi-controller, and
HyperMetro configurations.
Table 10-2 describes the HUAWEI storage's support for ALUA.
Table 10-2 HUAWEI storage's support for ALUA
Storage Type Version Remarks
Old-version HUAWEI
storage (namely,
storage that does not
support multi-controller
ALUA or ALUA
HyperMetro)
T V1/T V2/18000
V1/V300R001/V300R002/V300R
003C00/V300R003C10/V300R00
5/Dorado V300R001C00
New-version HUAWEI
storage (namely,
storage that supports
multi-controller ALUA
and ALUA
HyperMetro)
V300R003C20/V300R006C00/D
orado V300R001C01
V300R006C00: refers to
only
V300R006C00SPC100 and
later versions.
Dorado V300R001C01: refers to only
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V300R001C01SPC100 and
later versions.
10.1.1.2.3 ALUA Impacts
ALUA is mainly applicable to a storage system that has one (only one) preferred LUN
controller. All host I/Os can be routed through different controllers to the working controller
for execution. The storage ALUA will instruct the hosts to deliver I/Os preferentially from the
LUN working controller, thereby reducing the I/O routing-consumed resources on the
non-working controllers.
Once the LUN working controller's all I/O paths are disconnected, the host I/Os will be
delivered only from a non-working controller and then routed to the working controller for
execution. This scenario must be avoided.
10.1.1.2.4 Suggestions for Using ALUA on HUAWEI Storage
To prevent IOs from being delivered to a non-working controller, you are advised to:
Ensure that the LUN home/working controllers are evenly distributed on storage
systems.
A change to the storage system (node fault or replacement) may cause an I/O path
switchover. Ensure that the host always tries the best to select the optimal path to deliver
I/Os.
Prevent all host service I/Os from being delivered only to one controller, thereby
preventing load unbalancing on the storage system.
10.1.2 Initiator Mode and Configuration
10.1.2.1.1 Initiator Parameter Description
Table 10-3 Initiator parameter description
Parameter Description Example
Uses
third-party
multipath
software
This parameter is displayed only after an initiator
has been added to the host.
If LUNs have been mapped to the host before you
enable or disable this parameter, restart the host
after you configure this parameter.
You do not need to enable this parameter on a
host with UltraPath.
Enabled
Switchover
Mode
Path switchover mode
The system supports the following modes:
early-version ALUA: default value of
Switchover Mode for an upgrade from an
earlier version to the current version. The
detailed requirements are as follows:
− The storage system is upgraded from
V300R003C10 and earlier to
V300R003C20 or V300R006C00SPC100
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and later; from V300R005 to
V300R006C00SPC100 and later;
from Dorado V300R001C00 to Dorado
V300R001C01SPC100 and later.
− Before the upgrade, the storage system has a
single or dual controllers and has enabled
ALUA.
common ALUA: applies to V300R003C20 and
later, V300R006C00SPC100 and later,
or Dorado V300R001C01SPC100 and later. The
detailed requirements are as follows:
− The storage system version is V300R003C20,
V300R006C00SPC100, Dorado
V300R001C01SPC100, or later.
− The OS of the host that connects to the storage
system is SUSE, Red Hat 6.X, Windows
Server 2012 (using Emulex HBAs),
Windows Server 2008 (using Emulex
HBAs), or HP-UX 11i V3.
ALUA not used: does not support ALUA or
HyperMetro. This mode is used when a host
such as HP-UX 11i V2 does not support ALUA
or ALUA is not needed.
Special mode: supports ALUA and has multiple
values. It applies to V300R003C20 and later,
V300R006C00SPC100 and later, or Dorado
V300R001C01SPC100 and later. It is used by
host operating systems that are not supported by
the common ALUA mode. The detailed
requirements are as follows:
− The storage system version V300R003C20,
V300R006C00SPC100, Dorado
V300R001C01SPC100, or later.
− The OS of the host that connects to the storage
system is VMware, AIX, Red Hat 7.X,
Windows Server 2012 (using QLogic
HBAs), or Windows Server 2008 (using
QLogic HBAs).
Special mode
type
Special modes support ALUA and apply to
V300R003C20 and later, V300R006C00SPC100
and later, or Dorado V300R001C01SPC100 and
later. The detailed requirements are as follows:
Mode 0:
− The host and storage system must be
connected using a Fibre Channel network.
− The OS of the host that connects to the storage
system is Red Hat 7.X, Windows Server
2012 (using QLogic HBAs), or Windows
Server 2008 (using QLogic HBAs).
Mode 1:
Mode 0
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− The OS of the host that connects to the storage
system is AIX or VMware.
− HyperMetro works in load balancing mode.
Mode 2:
− The OS of the host that connects to the storage
system is AIX or VMware.
− HyperMetro works in local preferred mode.
Path Type The value can be either Optimal Path or
Non-Optimal Path.
When HyperMetro works in load balancing
mode, set the Path Type for the initiators of
both the local and remote storage arrays to
Optimal Path. Enable ALUA on both the host
and storage arrays. If the host uses the
round-robin multipathing policy, it delivers I/Os
to both storage arrays in round-robin mode.
When HyperMetro works in local preferred
mode, set the Path Type for the initiator of the
local storage array to Optimal Path, and that of
the remote storage array to Non-Optimal Path.
Enable ALUA on both the host and storage
arrays. The host delivers I/Os to the local
storage array preferentially.
Optimal Path
Configure the initiators according to the requirements of each OS. The initiators that are
added to the same host must be configured with the same switchover mode. Otherwise, host
services may be interrupted.
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host for the
configuration to take effect.
10.1.2.2 Configuring the Initiators
If you want to configure the initiator mode, perform the following operations.
Step 1 Go to the host configuration page.
Open OceanStor DeviceManager. In the right navigation tree, click Provisioning and then
click Host, as shown in Figure 10-1.
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Figure 10-1 Going to the host configuration page
Step 2 Select an initiator of which information you want to modify.
On the Host tab page, select a host you want to modify. Then select the initiator (on the host)
you want to modify. Click Modify.
Figure 10-2 Selecting an initiator of which information you want to modify
Step 3 Modify the initiator information.
In the Modify Initiator dialog box that is displayed, modify the initiator information based on
the requirements of your operating system. Figure 10-3 shows the initiator information
modification page.
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Figure 10-3 Modifying initiator information
Step 4 Repeat the preceding operations to modify the information about other initiators on the host.
Step 5 Configure host multipathing. For details, refer to section 10.1.4 "Host Configuration."
Step 6 Restart the host to enable the configuration to take effect.
----End
10.1.3 Storage Array Configuration
Different models of HUAWEI storage support different ALUA policies. For details, refer to
the specific HUAWEI storage model's product documentation. Unless otherwise specified, the
recommended configurations for HUAWEI storage that supports ALUA are detailed as
follows:
10.1.3.1 OceanStor T Series Storage System
Table 10-4 describes the recommended configurations for HUAWEI OceanStor T series
V1/V2.
WARNING
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host to enable
the new configuration to take effect.
Table 10-4 ALUA configuration for HUAWEI OceanStor T series
Operating System Storage System Remarks
OceanStor T V1 OceanStor T V2
Windows Server 2003 ALUA enabled ALUA enabled
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Operating System Storage System Remarks
Windows Server 2003 R2 ALUA enabled ALUA enabled
Windows Server 2008 ALUA enabled ALUA enabled After ALUA is
enabled/disabled,
path preferential
selection fails on
Windows Server
2008 and
Windows Server
2008 SP2; in this
case, you need to
set path
preferential
selection
manually.
Windows Server 2008 R2 ALUA enabled ALUA enabled
Windows Server 2012 ALUA enabled ALUA enabled
10.1.3.2 OceanStor V3 Series Storage System (Non-HyperMetro Networking)
Table 10-5 describes the recommended configuration for HUAWEI OceanStor V3.
WARNING
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host to enable
the new configuration to take effect.
Table 10-5 ALUA configuration for OceanStor V3
Operating System
Storage System Remarks
OceanStor V3 (V300R003C20 and Earlier)
OceanStor V3 (V300R003C20 and Later)
Windows Server
2003 ALUA disabled ALUA disabled
Windows Server
2003 R2
ALUA disabled ALUA disabled
Windows Server
2008
ALUA disabled ALUA disabled
Windows Server
2008 R2
ALUA disabled ALUA enabled (general mode)
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Operating System
Storage System Remarks
Windows Server
2012
ALUA disabled ALUA enabled (general mode)
Windows Server
2012 R2
ALUA disabled ALUA enabled (general mode)
Windows Server
2016
ALUA disabled ALUA enabled (general mode)
10.1.3.3 OceanStor V3 Series Storage System in HyperMetro Networking and Windows MPIO Environment
In Windows MPIO environment, OceanStor V3 series only of version V300R003C20 or later
supports HyperMetro. For the host system versions that support MPIO and HyperMetro, refer
to the HUAWEI storage interoperability list. For detailed system configurations, refer to the
HyperMetro Configuration Guide for Huawei SAN Storage with Multipathing Software
Provided by the Operating System.
The FC HBAs from different vendors have different performance in Windows and Hyper-V
N_Port_ID virtualization (NPIV) environment. Therefore, you need to configure a specific
Windows host FC initiator mode on OceanStor V3.
WARNING
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host to enable
the new configuration to take effect.
10.1.3.3.1 Non-NPIV Mode
In non-NPIV mode (for both common Windows hosts and NPIV-disabled Hyper-V hosts), the
storage system connects to physical Windows hosts and the storage space on the storage
system is directly mapped to the hosts. Operations such as multipathing management over the
mapped storage space are performed on the physical hosts. Table 10-6 lists the storage array
configuration when Emulex HBAs are used in non-NPIV mode.
Table 10-6 Configuration on storage arrays when Emulex HBAs are used in non-NPIV mode
OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Windows
Server 2008 R2
SP1
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
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OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2012
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enable Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2012 R2
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2016
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
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OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
For details about the Windows versions, see the compatibility list:
http://support-open.huawei.com/ready/pages/user/compatibility/support-matrix.jsf
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host for the
configuration to take effect.
Table 10-7 lists the storage array configuration when QLogic HBAs are used in non-NPIV
mode.
Table 10-7 Configuration on storage arrays when QLogic HBAs are used in non-NPIV mode
OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Windows
Server 2008 R2
SP1
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2012
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
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OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2012 R2
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2016
(non-cluster
scenario)
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2016
(cluster
scenario)
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
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OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Non-optimal
path
For details about the Windows versions, see the compatibility list:
http://support-open.huawei.com/ready/pages/user/compatibility/support-matrix.jsf
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host for the
configuration to take effect.
10.1.3.3.2 NPIV Mode
In Windows Hyper-V NPIV environment, Hyper-V hosts create Virtual FC HBAs for VMs.
VMs set up connections to the storage system through virtual FC HBAs. The storage system's
storage space is directly mapped to VMs, not to bottom-layer Hyper-V physical hosts. SAN
storage disk and multipathing managements by VMs are transparent and not sensed by
Hyper-V physical hosts.
Currently, the operating systems that support Windows Hyper-V (NPIV) are limited. For
details, see the official explanation of Microsoft.
https://technet.microsoft.com/windows-server-docs/compute/hyper-v/hyper-v-feature-compati
bility-by-generation-and-guest
Table 10-8 lists the storage array configuration when Emulex HBAs are used in NPIV mode.
Table 10-8 Configuration on storage arrays when Emulex HBAs are used in NPIV mode
OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Windows
Server 2012 R2
With Hyper-V1
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
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OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2012
With Hyper-V2
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2016
With Hyper-V3
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
The operating system of VMs with Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V can be Windows Server
2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, or Windows Server 2016. Patches must be installed in Windows
Server 2012 R2.
The operating system of VMs with Windows Server 2012 with Hyper-V can be Windows Server
2012.
The operating system of VMs with Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V can be Windows Server
2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, or Windows Server 2016. Patches must be installed in Windows
Server 2012 R2.
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For details about the Windows versions, see the compatibility list:
http://support-open.huawei.com/ready/pages/user/compatibility/support-matrix.jsf
After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host for the
configuration to take effect.
Table 10-9 lists the storage array configuration when QLogic HBAs are used in NPIV mode.
Table 10-9 Configuration on storage arrays when QLogic HBAs are used in NPIV mode
OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Windows
Server 2012 R2
With Hyper-V1
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2012
With Hyper-V2
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Non-optimal
path
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OS Storage Array Configuration
HyperMetro
Working
Mode
Storage OS Third-Party
Multipathing
Software
Switchover
Mode
Special
Mode
Type
Path Type
Windows
Server 2016
With Hyper-V
(non-cluster
scenario)3
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Common
ALUA
Non-optimal
path
Windows
Server 2016
With Hyper-V
(cluster
scenario)3
Load
balancing
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Local
preferred
Local
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Optimal
path
Remote
storage
array
Windows
Server
2012
Enabled Special mode Mode 0 Non-optimal
path
The operating system of VMs with Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V can be Windows Server
2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, or Windows Server 2016. Patches must be installed in Windows
Server 2012 R2.
The operating system of VMs with Windows Server 2012 with Hyper-V can be Windows Server
2012.
The operating system of VMs with Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V can be Windows Server
2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, or Windows Server 2016. Patches must be installed in Windows
Server 2012 R2.
For details about the Windows versions, see the compatibility list:
http://support-open.huawei.com/ready/pages/user/compatibility/support-matrix.jsf
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After the initiator mode is configured on a storage array, you must restart the host for the
configuration to take effect.
10.1.4 Host Configuration
In Windows MPIO environment, you can retain the default MPIO policy for non-HyperMetro
networking. For the default Windows Server MPIO policies, see Table 9-1.
In HyperMetro networking, you need to set the Windows Server MPIO policy to Round
Robin with Subset and enable the DSM multipathing verification function as follows:
Step 1 Identify the PID and VID of the storage array.
VID: vendor ID, such as HUAWEI
PID: product ID, such as XSG1
On the Windows server, open the CMD command line and run the mpclaim -e command to
check the LUNs identified by the multipathing software.
Figure 10-4 Viewing the storage product information
In the preceding figure, VID is HUAWEIand PID is XSG1. If the value of the
MPIO-edparameter is NO, the LUNs of the vendor are not taken over by MPIO.
Step 2 Take over the storage array.
On the Windows server, open the CMD command line and run the mpclaim -r -i -d
"HUAWEI XSG1" command, as shown in Figure 10-5.
Figure 10-5 Taking over Huawei storage
The VID must contain eight characters and the PID must contain 12 characters. If the number of
characters does not meet requirements, add spaces. You can directly copy the command from the output
of the mpclaim -e command.
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WARNING
After the preceding command is executed, the host automatically restarts.
Step 3 Configure a multipathing policy.
After the host restarts, right-click the disk discovered by the server and choose Properties
form the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 10-6.
Figure 10-6 Viewing disk properties
On the page HUAWEI XSG1 Multi-Path Disk Device Properties, click the MPIO tab. In
Select the MPIO policy, select Round Robin With Subset, as shown in Figure 10-7.
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Figure 10-7 Configuring the MPIO policy
WARNING
Ensure that the properties of each LUN are modified.
Step 4 Activate the path verification function (for Hyper-Metro networking).
On the MPIO tab page, click Details. In the DSMDetails dialog box that is displayed, select
Path Verify Enabled, as shown in Figure 10-8.
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Figure 10-8 Activating the path verification function
WARNING
Ensure that the properties of each LUN are modified.
Step 5 Restart the host.
After the host is restarted, check the parameters to ensure that all parameters have been
modified.
You can also run the following command to check whether the disk path information is
modified.
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Figure 10-9 Checking disk multipathing policy
----End
HUAWEI SAN Storage Host Connectivity Guide for Windows 11 Volume Management
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109
11 Volume Management
In Windows, disks are categorized as basic disks and dynamic disks. Only simple volumes
can be created on basic disks. Spanned volumes, mirror volumes, striped volumes, and
RAID-5 volumes are created on dynamic disks.
CAUTION
RAID-5 volumes are not supported in desktop operating systems such as Windows XP,
Windows 7, and Windows 8.
In Windows Server 2008 and later versions, the operating system converts basic disks to
dynamic disks when spanned volumes (or other volumes that can only be created on dynamic
disks) are created on basic disks.
The definitions of the volumes are as follows:
Spanned volume
A spanned volume is created on a single or multiple disks and combines the disks as
a whole. A spanned volume is used to expand volume capacity.
Mirror volume
A mirror volume is created on two or multiple disks. Member disks in a mirror volume
are mirrors to each other. Mirror volumes improve data reliability.
Striped volume
A striped volume is created on two or multiple disks. Member disks in a striped volume
are of the same size and stripped. When data is written onto a striped volume, the data is
divided into several parts and the parts are written onto each member disk. Theoretically,
striped volumes help improve write performance and expand volume capacity.
RAID-5 volume
After incorporating a parity disk, a striped volume becomes a RAID-5 volume. Therefore,
a RAID-5 volume has all advantages of a striped volume and also ensures data
reliability.
Windows volume management is simple. You can manage Windows volumes on a graphical
user interface (GUI).
The following uses Windows 2012 as an example to explain how to create a RAID-5 volume:
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Step 1 After LUNs are mapped to the host, start Computer Management. Right-click Disk
Management and choose Rescan Disks from the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 11-1.
Figure 11-1 Rescanning for disks
Step 2 The states of the identified LUNs are Unknown and Offline. Right-click a disk and choose
Online from the shortcut menu to set the disk online. The state of the disk is changed to
Unknown or Not Initialized, as shown in Figure 11-2.
Figure 11-2 Setting the identified disks online
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Step 3 Right-click a disk and choose Initialize Disks from the shortcut menu. In the Initialize Disks
dialog box is displayed, select the disks that you want to initialize and the partition format. In
this example, partition format MBR is selected. Then, the states of the selected disks change
to Online, as shown in Figure 11-3.
Figure 11-3 Initializing disks
Step 4 Right-click a disk and choose New RAID-5 Volume from the shortcut menu. The New
RAID-5 Volume dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 11-4.
Figure 11-4 New RAID-5 volume dialog box
Step 5 Select the disks that you want to add to the RAID-5 volume, specify capacities of the selected
disks, and click Next. Select a drive letter for the newly created RAID-5 volume, the file
system type for volume formatting, strip size, and fast formatting.
A RAID-5 volume has at least three member disks. After a RAID-5 volume is created, it spends a certain
period of time in synchronous verification. The verification time grows with the volume capacity.
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Fast formatting is recommended.
A disk must be formatted after being installed. The operating system creates partitions on a disk only
after writing the disk identifier, end-of-sector marker (also called a signature), and MBR or GUID.
----End
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113
12 Host High-Availability
12.1 Overview
Earlier Windows versions (such as Windows Server 2003) use Microsoft Cluster Service
(MSCS) to provide clustering functions. Windows Server 2008 and later versions use
Windows Server Failover Cluster (WSFC).
An MSCS cluster is a server group consisting of independent computers. Nodes in the
cluster work together as a single system to ensure that key applications and resources are
always available to clients. The clustering function enables users and administrators to
manage nodes as a whole instead of independent computers.
WSFC server clustering software adds new functions on the basis of MSCS. The new
functions include the validation wizard and GPT disks.
12.1.1 MSCS
An MSCS server cluster contains a maximum of eight nodes, and can be configured as either
of the following clusters:
Single-node cluster
Single-quorum device cluster
Multi-node cluster
Each cluster node is connected to one or multiple cluster storage devices. In most Windows
Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition versions, cluster
storage devices can be iSCSI, SAS, parallel SCSI, and Fibre Channel devices.
Table 12-1 lists the maximum number of nodes supported by different operating systems.
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Table 12-1 Maximum number of nodes supported by different storage systems
Operating System Storage Type Max. Number of Nodes
Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or
Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition
Version:
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2003 SP1
Windows Server 2003 R2
Platform:
x86 and x64 (non Itanium)
Parallel SCSI 2
Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or
Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition
Version:
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2003 SP1
Windows Server 2003 R2
Platform:
x86 and x64 (Itanium)
Fiber Channel 8
Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or
Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition
Version:
Windows Server 2003 SP1
Windows Server 2003 R2
Platform:
x86 and x64 (Itanium)
iSCSI or SAS 8
12.1.2 WSFC
A WSFC cluster is a group of independent servers that work together to improve the
availability of applications and services. WSFC provides infrastructure features that support
high-availability and disaster recovery scenarios for hosted server applications. If a cluster
node or service fails, the services that were hosted on that node can be automatically or
manually transferred to another available node in a process known as failover.
The nodes in a WSFC cluster work together to collectively provide the following types of
capabilities:
Distributed metadata and notifications
WSFC service and hosted application metadata is maintained on each node in the cluster.
This metadata includes WSFC configuration and status in addition to hosted application
settings. Changes to a node's metadata or status are automatically propagated to the other
nodes in the cluster.
Resource management
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Individual nodes in the cluster may provide physical resources such as direct-attached
storage, network interfaces, and access to share disk storage. Hosted applications register
themselves as cluster resources, and may configure startup and health dependencies upon
other resources.
Health monitoring
Inter-node and primary node health detection is accomplished through a combination of
heartbeat-style network communication and resource monitoring. The overall health of
the cluster is determined by the votes of a quorum of nodes in the cluster.
Failover coordination
Each resource is configured to be hosted on a primary node, and each can be manually or
automatically transferred to one or more secondary nodes. A health-based failover policy
controls automatic transfer of resource ownership between nodes. Nodes and hosted
applications are notified when failover occurs so that they can react appropriately.
Table 12-2 WSFC terms
Term Description
Node A Microsoft Server system that is an active or inactive
member of a server cluster.
Cluster resource A physical or logical entity that can be owned by a
node, brought online and taken offline, moved
between nodes, and managed as a cluster object. A
cluster resource can be owned by only a single node at
any point in time.
Resource group A collection of cluster resources managed as a single
cluster object. Typically a resource group contains all
of the cluster resources that are required to run a
specific application or service. Failover and failback
always act on resource groups.
Resource dependency A resource on which another resource depends. If
resource A depends on resource B, then B is a
dependency of A.
Network name resource A logical server name that is managed as a cluster
resource. A network name resource must be used with
an IP address resource.
Preferred owner A node on which a resource group prefers to run. Each
resource group is associated with a list of preferred
owners sorted in order of preference. During
automatic failover, the resource group is moved to the
next preferred node in the preferred owner list.
Possible owner A secondary node on which a resource can run. Each
resource group is associated with a list of possible
owners. Resource groups can fail over only to nodes
that are listed as possible owners.
Quorum mode The quorum configuration in a failover cluster that
determines the number of node failures that the cluster
can sustain.
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Term Description
Forced quorum The process to start the cluster even through only a
minority of the elements that are required for quorum
are in communication.
12.2 Configuration
12.2.1 MSCS
For details, visit:
http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/cc731844%28v=WS.10%29.aspx
Huawei also provides MSCS configuration guides. You can obtain the guides from the
Huawei customer service center.
12.2.2 WSFC
For details, visit:
http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-CN/library/cc732035%28v=ws.10%29.aspx
Huawei also provides WSFC configuration guides. You can obtain the guides from the
Huawei customer service center.
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13 Virtualization Technology
13.1 Introduction to Hyper-V
Hyper-V is used to create a virtualized server computing environment where multiple
hardware resources are utilized to improve computing efficiency.
Hyper-V provides the following functions:
Virtualization based 64-bit virtual machine (VM) management programs
Concurrent running of 32-bit and 64-bit VMs
Single-processor and multi-processor VMs
VM snapshots: captures the status, data, and hardware configuration of running VMs.
You can use VM snapshots to restore VMs to their original states.
Large VM memory
Virtual local area network (VLAN)
Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) interfaces that facilitate script
compilation and management archiving
Hyper-V has the following requirements on server hardware and operating systems:
Operating system: 64-bit Windows Server 2008 Standard, Windows Server 2008
Enterprise, Windows Server 2008 Datacenter, and Windows Server 2012 Datacenter
CPU: support for Hardware-assisted virtualization (HAV) and hardware-enforced Data
Execution Prevention (DEP) functions and with those functions enabled
You can configure HAV and hardware-enforced DEP in BIOS.
13.2 Hyper-V Configuration
Hyper-V is built in Windows Server 2008 and later versions. It functions correctly only after
you manually add the Hyper-V role and complete related configurations.
13.2.1 Adding Hyper-V
Perform the following steps to add the Hyper-V role:
Step 1 Start Server Manager and choose Role to add the Hyper-V role.
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Step 2 Select the service network adapter of the host and bind the network adapter as virtual network
adapter.
Step 3 Confirm the configuration and restart the host for the configuration to take effect.
----End
13.2.2 Creating Hyper-V VMs
Creating a Hyper-V VM is similar to creating a new server. During Hyper-V VM creation,
you need to configure memories, network adapters, and disks, and name the VM to be
created.
Note the following when creating Hyper-V VMs:
The size of the VM memory cannot exceed that of the server's physical memory.
In versions earlier than Hyper-V 3.0, the virtual disk format is VHD. Therefore, the
virtual disk capacity cannot exceed 2 TB. In Hyper-V 3.0, the virtual disk format is
VHDX and the virtual disk size can be up to 64 TB.
For details about how to create Hyper-V VMs, visit:
http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/hh831531.aspx
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A Acronyms and Abbreviations
A
ALUA Asymmetric Logical Unit Access
B
BIOS
C
Basic Input Output System
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
CLI Command Line Interface
CPU Central Processing Unit
D
DNS Domain Name System
DSM Device-Specific Module
E
exFAT Extended File Allocation Table File System
F
Fibre Channel Fibre Channel
FCoE Fibre Channel over Ethernet
FAT
File Allocation Table
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G
GPT GUID Partition Table
GUID Globally Unique Identifier
H
HBA Host Bus Adapter
I
IP Internet Protocol
ISM Integrated Storage Manager
iSCSI Internet Small Computer Systems Interface
L
LAN Local Area Network
LUN Logical Unit Number
M
MBR Master Boot Record
MMC Microsoft Management Console
MPIO Microsoft Multi-Path IO
MSCS Microsoft Cluster Service
N
NTFS New Technology File System
O
OS Operating System
R
level Redundant Array of Independent Disks
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P
PID Product ID
S
SAN Storage Area Network
SAS Serial Attached SCSI
SCSI Small Computer System Interface
V
VHD Virtual Hard Disk
VID Vendor ID
VG Volume Group
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VSAN Virtual Storage Area Network
W
WSFC Windows Server Failover Cluster
WWN World Wide Name
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