how to read and present a scientific paper. scientific papers scientists share their results in...
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How to read and present a scientific paper
Scientific Papers
• Scientists share their results in papers• How do you read one?
1. Skim
2. Vocabulary
3. Comprehension (look at figures!)
4. Reflection and criticism
Parts of a Scientific Paper
• Abstract• 4 parts:
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
How do you present a paper?
1. Introduction– Background (~2 slides)– Hypothesis (1 slide)
2. Methods (1-2 slides)
3. Results – 1-2 figures / slide– Summary (1 slide)
4. Discussion (2 slide)
- include future directions
Influence of Life Stress onDepression: Moderation by a
Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene
Caspi et al. (2003)Science, Jul 18;301(5631):386-9.
Example paper presentation
Genes, Environment and Depression
• Depression is prevalent• Stressful events (the environment) may or
may not lead to depression• The 5-HTT gene may underlie these
behaviorally different reactions
Hypothesis
• Different genotypes of the 5-HTT gene mediate depression reactions to stressful experiences.
Methods
• 1037 individuals (follow from age 3 to 26)• 3 groups based on genotype of 5-HTT
– 1. s/s– 2. s/l– 3. l/l
• Test reactions to stressful events at age 21 - 26
Results
S genotype increases % of major depression episodes
5-HTT genotype affects amount of major depression episodes
P = 0.05
(Fig 2)
Summary
• S genotype of 5-HTT increases the effect of stressful life events on depression including– major depression episodes– predicted suicides
Discussion
• Gene (ie. 5-HTT) interacts with the environment (ie. stressful life event) to affect behavior (depression)
• Questions:– What is the mechanism for 5-HTT affecting
depressive behavior?– Is there an evolutionary advantage to having
the s allele?
Discussion
• Genes can affect the reaction to environmental risks factors
• Possible future direction: test different 5-HTT genotype on aggressive behavior
TOOLKIT CREDITS: Developed by Angela Gee, (Los Angeles Trade Tech Community College, CA) and Martin Diaz,( Los Angeles Trade Tech Community College , CA) with support by the rest of the C-DEBI Collaborative Toolkit Team. WEBSITE: http://www.coexploration.org/C-DEBI/toolkits_science_papers.html
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