how can art be defined?

How can art be defined?

Categories and Terms used in ArtArt as a reflection of SocietyArt as Challenge to Society

Starter

Jackson Pollock- No. 51948

When do you think this was painted?

Does it reflect society? How?

Or is it challenging us?

Is this a relevant image now?

Romeo and Juliet

What effect do you think Shakespeare has had on the Arts?

Are there any modern influential practitioners that could standthe test of time?

What themes does Shakespeare use that are relevant today?

Compare these works of art….

Statue of Alison Lapper Pregnant on the fourth plinth Trafalgar square by Marc Quinn

‘The Birth of Venus’Botticelli c.1485

Discipline

• A defined body of knowledge.

• Art is often split into disciplines including: Painting, Sculpture, Printmaking, Architecture, Film, Music, Dance, Literature (Novels, Plays, Poetry), Drama.

Style

The way in which a work of art is ‘done’: How it is made or performed; A way to classify art.

Creativity

• The application of imagination and skill to bring into existence something which previously did not exist.

Artist

• Can refer to a painter but is also a general word applied to someone who practices or performs in any of the artistic forms.

Form

• The visible shape of a work as distinct from the content.

Innovation

• A change in something already existing or the introduction of something new.

• In the arts it refers to the development of new methods, techniques, materials or ideas.

• The essential feature of innovation is that artists do something never done previously.

Genre

• A term used for a style, type or category of art or literature

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)

Notre-Dame-de-Paris

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)

The Birth of Venus by Botticelli

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)• Baroque (1600 – 1750)

Judith Beheading Holoferne, by Caravaggio

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)• Baroque (1600 – 1750)• Rococo (1720 – 1750)

The Bolt, by Fragonard

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)• Baroque (1600 – 1750)• Rococo (1720 – 1750)• Romantic (1780 – 1900)

The Haywain, by Constable

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)• Baroque (1600 – 1750)• Rococo (1720 – 1750)• Romantic (1780 – 1900)• Impressionism (1880 – 1920)

La Promenade by Monet

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)• Baroque (1600 – 1750)• Rococo (1720 – 1750)• Romantic (1780 – 1900)• Impressionism (1880 – 1920)• Modern (1900 – 1950)

Head of Marie-Therese, by Picasso

Styles associated with a variety of disciplines

• Gothic (1100 – 1400)• Renaissance (1400 – 1700)• Baroque (1600 – 1750)• Rococo (1720 – 1750)• Romantic (1780 – 1900)• Impressionism (1880 – 1920)• Modern (1900 – 1950)• Post Modern (after 1950)

Jackson Pollock No.1

Post Modern Art – Pop Art

• Andy Warhol

Art Reflecting Society

• Art is often influenced by current events:• Economic Conditions• Political Circumstances• Social conditions and groups• Fashion and popular taste• Key Events (War, Catastrophe, Revolution)• New Attributes in Society• Availability of New materials or technology

What is the reason for art? • Many possible, but reasons often include:• The result of creativity• An expression of the artists emotions or beliefs• Descriptive of experiences (of the artist or society at large)• A record of Events• An attempt to help society learn lessons from the past or a

celebration of success• An attempt to influence or encourage change• Representation or Symbolic of an Idea• A way to challenge tradition• A means to earn a living

Art Challenging Society

• Film, Music and Literature have often been art forms whose output have been used to challenge society.

• Examples include:

1984By George Orwell, 1948

1984• Since its publication in 1949,

many of its terms and concepts, such as Big Brother have become contemporary terms.

• In addition, the novel popularized the adjective Orwellian which refers to lies, surveillance, or manipulation of the past in the service of a totalitarian agenda.

• Totalitarianism is a political system where the state, usually under the power of a single political person

Cathy Come Home,directed by Ken Loach 1966

The Sex Pistols• 1977 single “God Save the

Queen• Attacked Britons' social

conformity and deference to the Crown

• Precipitated the "last and greatest outbreak of pop-based moral pandemonium"