houston protecting food on move - emerson electric
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Protecting Food on the Move
E360 Forum • Houston, TX • October 25, 2018
Amy Childress
V.P., Marketing & Planning, Cargo Solutions
Emerson
Complexity Demonstrated — Typical Supply Chain Field to Store
Must run continuous at 32 °F throughout supply chain
Process Map
4
Supply Chain Complexity Creates Opportunity for Issues
5
The perfect storm(s):
resource waste, food safety, brand reputation and profits
Storm #1: Complex Supply Chain Creates Food and Resource Waste
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“…if food waste was a country by itself, it would be the third-largest
emitter of greenhouse gases behind China and the United States.”
METRIC TONS OF
FOOD IS LOST OR
WASTED, NEVER
MAKING IT FROM
FARM TO FORK.
PRODUCED EACH
YEAR IS NEVER
EATEN.
PEOPLE ARE
CHRONICALLY
HUNGRY.
HAS DEVASTATING IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Water wasteCreation of greenhouse
gas emissions
*Mandyck, John and Schultz, Eric. Food Foolish, 2015.
Storm #2: Complex Supply Chain Creates Shrink and Impacts Profits
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Food value estimate per truckload
• Beef — $150,000 to $250,000
• Poultry — $60,000 to $225,000
• Pork — $80,000
• Strawberries — $20,000
• Bananas — $16,000
The Statistics
According to the CDC, about
48 million people (1 in 6 Americans)
get sick, 128,000 are hospitalized,
and 3,000 die each year from
foodborne diseases. This is a
significant public health burden
that is largely preventable.
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https://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/index.html
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What’s the Role of Temperature?
10
Food Safety Food Quality
• There are many variables involved in ensuring food arrives in a safe manner to consumers.
• We know bacteria and other pathogens cause food poisoning.
• Cross-contamination, inappropriate processing methods, and temperature abuse can all contribute.
• Maintaining correct temperatures can help prevent and mitigate foodborne illness.
• Temperature impacts food quality and freshness.
• Shelf life is impacted once harvested.
• Iceberg lettuce lasts five days at 47 °F.
• Iceberg lettuce lasts up to 15 days at 33 °F to 39 °F.
• Typical transport time west to east is three to four days.
https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-
answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/fighting-bac-by-chilling-
out/CT_Index
10
When Temperature Goes Wrong – Food Safety
• GO Loggers applied to
cartons of milk “chugs”;
optimal range: 35–40 °F
• Shipped into fast food
restaurant for kids’ meals
• Loggers identify shipment
at 65 °F for eight hours in
transit; shipment
quarantined, protects
brand, prevents potential
lawsuit and bad press
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Label ID: 0018E1
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9/15/2007 14:24 9/15/2007 19:12 9/16/2007 0:00 9/16/2007 4:48 9/16/2007 9:36 9/16/2007 14:24 9/16/2007 19:12 9/17/2007 0:00 9/17/2007 4:48 9/17/2007 9:36 9/17/2007 14:24
Time (Mountain Daylight Time)
Te
mp
era
ture
(°F
)
.
1.80E+02 Lower Limit (Consecutive) Upper Limit (Consecutive)
Refrig. unit turned off in
transit for 8+ hours
Temp. hits 65 °F Deliveries to point
of sale
Normal refrig. unit
defrost cycles
When Temperature Goes Wrong – Food Quality
• Potatoes loaded into truck warm; field
heat not removed prior to shipping
• Shipped close to optimal range for two
days, then up to 89 °F for three days
• To compensate and bring product to
spec at delivery, rapid cooling at
freezing levels
• Result? Massively reduced shelf life,
product will be “mushy” in days
• GO Logger provides visibility to retailer,
enables rejection of substandard load
13
What Is FSMA (Food Safety Modernization Act)?
15
• Signed into law on January 4, 2011
• Result of numerous food safety incidents
in the early 2000s
• 2006 spinach incident
• Overarching goal is to ensure U.S. food
supply is safe by shifting focus from
simply responding to prevention
Prevention is the key tenet of FSMA.
Goal is to create a modern, risk-based framework for food safety.
https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/2006/spinach-10-2006.html
https://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA
Some Core FSMA Rules Highlighting Temperature
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• Preventative Controls for Human
Food and Animal Feed
• Foreign Supplier Verification
Program (FSVP)
• Sanitary Transport of Human
and Animal Food
For the first time, the FDA has the legislative mandate to require comprehensive, science-based preventative controls across the food supply.
https://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA
Best Practices to Prevent Temperature Issues in Transit
Conquer the Cold Chain
1. Precooling processes
2. Loading practices
3. Establish and communicate temps
4. Monitoring devices
5. DC receipt practices
6. DC to store
7. Yard monitoring
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Establish Pre-cooling Processes
• Remove field heat
• Pre-cool before loading to correct transit temperatures
• Pulp to ensure proper temperatures have been reached
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Establish Proper Loading Practices for Optimal Air Circulation
• Promote air flow.
• Do not stack above“load line”.
• Do not pinwheel pallets.
• Load pallet using a centerline-loading pattern (away from walls).
• Pallet height should not exceed the trailer red line that is usually 9–12 inches from the ceiling of the trailer.
• Use load locks after the last pallet to prevent load shifting during transit.
• To avoid vibration damage in mixed trailer loads, for example, do not load berries on the rear of a mixed load.
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Establish and Communicate Proper Transport Temperatures
• Ship at proper transport ranges for the commodity
• Communicate to drivers and receivers
• Pay attention to mixed/combo loads
Common Commodity Temps
• 56 °F (13.3 °C) to 62 °F (16.6 °C) – bananas
• 42 °F (5.5 °C) to 54 °F (12.2 °C) – tomatoes, yellow onions, potatoes
• 32 °F (0 °C) to 39 °F (3.8 °C) – general produce. This is the largest category and includes leafy greens, apples, broccoli, carrots, cauliflower, mushrooms, green onions, berries and corn.
• 28 °F (-2.2 °C) to 39 °F (3.8 °C) – meat (beef, pork, poultry, seafood)
• 32 °F (0 °C) to 39 °F (3.8 °C) – dairy
• -10 °F (-23.3 °C) to 15 °F (-9.4 °C) – general frozen foods
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Temperature Monitoring Device and Placement Procedures
• Establish consistent placement
• Typically two-thirds back toward the trailer door
• Reefer only provides ambient temps
22
Receipt at Distribution Center
• Check temperature recorder for temperature history
• Do not rely solely on pulp or reefer temps
• Place into cold storage immediately
23
Distribution Center to Store
• Segment not typically scrutinized
• Critical part of the cold chain
• Use independent recorders
• Ensure product unloaded quickly and put into cold storage at the retail level
• Monitor at retail
24
Stationary and Yard Monitoring
• Brick-and-mortar retail is part of the cold chain.
• Ensure sufficient monitoring is in place.
• Overflow and temporary storage in the yard is also a part of the cold chain.
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The Benefits of IoT in Transit
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• Data loggers and real-time tracking devices placed on perishable loads in transit
• Temperature data automatically transmitted to the cloud, using cellular-based systems
• Simple to use/require minimal human interaction
• Historical records are kept in the cloud. Proactive alerts can also be sent.
IoT enables automated record keeping.
Be proactive and preventive — the internet of fresh.
The Benefits of Blockchain
• Shared “hyper” ledger, new platform
• Updated through peer-to-peer replication
• Eliminates duplication of effort, less vulnerable to attack
• Hash (digital fingerprint or unique identifier) links blocks together
• Some blockchains are permissioned, while others are not
• Faster chain of custody processing
• IBM Food Trust and Walmart – first requirement for leafy green suppliers for traceability
• Freshness applications and shelf-life predictors
• Traceability combined with environmental information
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Where Does Cargo Fit in the Emerson Cold Chain?
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In-transit Cold Chain Insights GO Real-Time Trackers GO Real-Time Loggers
When Temperature Goes Right — International Live Lobster Shipments
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Cold chain monitoring helped:
• Decrease lobster mortality rates
• Evaluate shipping lanes and carriers
• Optimize shipping SOPs, including utilization of ice and gel packs, reducing costs of shipments
• Maintain standard of quality from “boat to plate”
• Gain and keep new customers. Proof of product quality and quality program helps keep $6M customer — became foundational element of a quality marketing program
Supplier utilizes cold chain monitoring as part of marketing program to gain customers
Emerson Cold Chain Leadership Extends to All Areas
Components, controls, infrastructure and monitoring all contribute to a maintained cold chain.
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Questions?
DISCLAIMER
Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without guarantee or warranty of any kind, expressed or
implied. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments, and the user assumes all risks and liability for
use of the information and results obtained. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such
use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. The user should not assume that all toxicity data and safety measures are indicated
herein or that other measures may not be required.
Thank You!
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