higher education: disciplinary perspectives
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Higher Education :disciplinary perspectives
MPhil/HEEM Master Programme in Higher EducationIntroductory semester, lecture 5Peter MaassenOslo, 3 September 2007
Various analytic dimensions
1. Governance2. Structure3. Funding4. Access/selection/participation5. Policy issues6. Globalization
Governance
Central planning Self-regulation
Belarus USAChina
Other countries
Structure
Integrated Binary Segmented Diversified
Australia PortugalUK Neth. France USA
Norway
Public Funding
Basic component: yes/no How large?
Teaching part: input?/performance: graduates, credits? Disciplinary differences/weights?
Research part: traditions?, performance?, doctoral component?Excellent research?, Open or closed competition?
Other parts: specific expenses; earmarked policy-related funds?
Institutional Funding
Public funding:Basic grantsCompetitive Grants
Private funding:Tuition feesContractsEndowmentsDonations
Access/student selection
Institution Government central
USA NetherlandsCanada
Policy issues
1. Costs2. Quality3. Internationalisation4. Access related issues5. ICT6. Degree structure7. Institutional autonomy8. System growth9. Public interest
Globalization?
Trade in higher education (WTO/GATS)Student competitionInstitutional competitionKnowledge society
Supra-national or global?
Disciplinary perspectives
Higher education studies not a self-standing discipline,but an applied field
Higher education has been studied from more than 40 different disciplinary perspectives
Example: sociology
Burton Clark: higher education system (1983)
• What is the main organisational ‘building block’ of HE• What is the main professional orientation in HE• Innovative/change capacity of HE• Change/diversity versus integration• Authority distribution: Administratively/Academically
Clark’s (sociological) position (1983)
• Knowledge is main building block• HEIs are mono-professional organisations
(academic profession)• Incremental innovations and changes:
HEIs are fragmented• Especially universities are traditionally run by academics• Authority distribution
Administration: centrallyAcademia: decentrally
Main developments of relevance since 1983
• Global/international dimension• ICT• Professionalisation of institutional leadership and administration/management• Growth of knowledge• Economization/marketization of HE/HE policies (innovation)
The end
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