heidi hui. definition of supervision supervision is an interpersonal interaction between supervisor...
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Definition of supervisionSupervision is an interpersonal
interaction between supervisor and supervisee.
At least two persons
Social work supervision is essential in determining the quality of service, ensuring the professional development and job satisfaction of
frontline social workers (Harkness, 1995; Harkness and Hensley, 1991; Harkness and Poertner, 1989; Kadushin and Harkness, 2002; Munson, 2002; Shulman, 1993)
Functions of supervisionSupervision has administrative,
educational and supportive function ( Shulman, 1995)
Functions of supervision1. . Educational Function: core component of the professional
supervision of social workersInculcation of professional values,
provision of knowledge, and training in practical skills
Encourage the self-introspection, enhance self awareness and sensitivity.
Functions of supervision2. Administrative function: setting of service objectives and
priorities, clarification of roles, planning and assignment of work, review and evaluation of work, and accountability and responsibility for the supervisee’s work
Functions of supervision3. Supportive FunctionTo deal with job-related issues/
personal issuesTo develop the attitudes and feelings
conducive to effective job performance in the agency and professional identification
Individual supervisionIndividual supervision- one to one
supervision, more intensive and personal sharing.
The Social Workers Registration Board has required at least half of supervision hours is in individual format
Group supervisionGroup supervision- learning not only
from the supervisor, but also from your field mate ( colleague).
It is necessary particularly when there is joint assignments (co-work with groups, projects).
Live supervisionThe field supervisor may attend the
group sessions or interviews in person.Client’s consent needs to be solicited
beforehandUsually, the supervisor would not
intervene unless some urgent issues need to be handled.
such as: child safety issue (physical punishment)
Effectiveness of SupervisionMajor Factors:1. the relationship between
supervisor and supervisee2.The contract3. Format/ mode of supervision4. Preparation work
ContractClear and concrete learning contract should
be set up in the beginning of placementThe contract includes: professional
development (values, skills and knowledge); personal development (such as: work under various demands at one time; punctuality; fear of speaking in public; suitability of working in the field)
A sample of learning contractA. Personal aspectI would like to practise the punctuality and mature
working attitude. Actually, I think I am not punctual for the lessons in Hong Kong University. I believe that I am not mature enough in working with clients as I am sometimes emotional and subjective.
Means to achieve goals:To reduce the gatherings with friends and sleep
early at the night before work To have Personal reflection after each counseling
session to minimize my subjective and judgmental reaction to clients.
A sample of learning contractB. Professional Aspect:• To know the role of social workers in
IFSC setting, the service delivery models of IFSC and the related policies.
• To master basic interviewing skills and put basic casework process into practice
• To apply the CBT, Behavioral Intervention and family systems perspective theoretical frameworks
A sample of learning contractMeans to achieve goals:By doing at least 5 cases in this
placement with different age groups.By reading related articles and
references By discussing with supervisor and
sharing with colleagues and field-mate
Before the supervision1. submitting the agenda of
supervision2. submitting the paper work3. Reserve the room for supervision
At least one day before supervision (or at the agreed time and date with your supervisor)
Sample of agenda1. Report the progress of work2. Discussion on the cases A & D
and the group session 3. Sharing on the team work with
field partner or my relationship with agency staff
Sample of agenda4. Difficulties in working
unmotivated clients such as: ex-offenders
5. Family affairs ( the illness of a parent)
6. Date of next supervision
In the Supervision1. Be frank and open to share your
concerns and difficulties (if any)2. Preparing the questions for
discussion3. Taking notes if necessary
Obstacles1. Fear of facing or disclosing one’s
weaknesses ( supervisor has the role of assessor and will assess your performance)
No one is perfect even your supervisor. No interview is perfect and there is always the room for improvement. You are a student and making mistakes sometimes is unavoidable.
Obstacles2. Negative perception on the
supervisor (demanding, not supportive but only task-oriented)
Don’t jump into conclusion--- do try before making the judgment
Obstacles3. Not to compare one’s supervisor
with other supervisors
Different settings have different demands and supervisors have different styles. Every one is unique.
Obstacles4. Poor time and work management- no Preparation:
Fail to submit the recordings and paper work
Fail to review one’s work (such as: listening to the taped sessions)
At least to submit some rather than nothing
After the supervisionTo transfer what have been learnt into
the practiceTo avoid of committing the same
mistakesTo plan the follow up actions so as monitoring the work progress and
delivering the better quality of services provided;
to clarify misconceptions and regulate one’s emotion with emotional support
ConclusionTry to maximize the use of
supervision.It is a good platform to learn, to
communicate, to reflect one’s values, attitudes towards people and surroundings (policies) as well as to examine one’s commitment in the social work profession.
References1.Social Workers Registration Board (2005).
Guidelines on Social Work Supervision (Retrieved from http://www.swrb.org.hk/text-eng/supervision_e.asp on 4/5/2012)
2. Tsui, M.S. (2004). Supervision Models in Social Work: From Nature to Culture. Asian Journal of Counselling, 2004, Vol. 11 Nos. 1 & 2, 7-55.
3.Tsui, M. S. (2005). Functions of social work supervision in Hong Kong. International Social Work 2005 48: 485. CA: Sage
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