heat pumps in district heating and cooling systems · slide district heating systems – potential...

T direct

Institute of Building Technology and Energy IGE Center for Integrated Building Technology Diego Hangartner Research Associate

+41 41 349 39 78 diego.hangartner@hslu.ch

Aalborg 12.11.2018

Heat Pumps in District Heating and Cooling Systems – Case studies

4th District Heating and Cooling Conference in Aalborg Denmark

Slide

Why district heating?

2, 20.11.2018 Source picture: Photo LaPresse

Local source

End user

Renewable Energy

Economically profitable

CO2- emissions

Slide

Situation in Europe

3, 20.11.2018 Source: www.euroheat.org/news/district-energy-in-the-news/top-district-heating-countries-euroheat-power-2015-survey-analysis/

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Percentage of citizens served by district heating

Slide

District Heating Systems – Potential in Switzerland

4, 20.11.2018

Sou

rce:

Sre

s T.

et

al.,

Wei

ssbu

ch F

ernw

ärm

e, e

iche

r un

d pa

uli,

Mär

z 20

14

85

2010 2050

Potential of thermal networks in Switzerland until 2050

ground water, lake, river

Retrofit

45

17

038%

100%

TWh/a

Heat Source Theoretical Potential [TWh/a]

Economical Potential [TWh/a]

Waste Incineration 5.7 3.6

Waste heat industry 3.6 Not assigned

Groundwater 12.2 1.9

Wastewater plant 7.7 1.9

Lakes 97.0 5.1

Rivers 21.3 1.8

Wood 20.5 1.7

Geothermal 70.0 1.3

Total 238.0 17.3

Slide

Heat pumps – Applications in DHC Systems

5, 20.11.2018

DECENTRAL Ambiant heat Ground water

Source Nutzer Distribution, generation

10°C

7°C

10°C

7°C

70°C

50°C

CENTRAL/ DECENTRAL

Ambiant heat Ground water

Source Nutzer

11°C

8°C

70°C

50°C

35°C

28°C

35 °C

28°C

Distribution, generation

CENTRAL Ambiant heat Ground water

Source Nutzer

11°C

8°C

70°C

50°C

70°C

50°C

Distribution, generation POSITION:

CENTRAL/ DECENTRAL

Ambiant heat Lake water

Source Nutzer

4°C

2°C

70°C

50°C

8°C

4°C

8 °C

4°C

Distribution, generation

Slide

Case project – Rheinfelden-Mitte (Brewery Feldschlösschen)

6, 20.11.2018

- AEW Energie AG / Wärmeverbund Rheinfelden Mitte AG

- Residential, offices, restaurants,

commercial buildings of Rheinfelden.

- 9.7 GWh/a (Heating + DHW) - 5.9 MW power installed

- Ammonia HP 2 x 1 MW / COP=3.4

- Source: industrial waste heat

- TNetwork: 70/80 °C and 50 °C.

- Investments: 20.5 Mio. CHF

Slide

Case Project – Bulle, «Jardins de la Pâla»

- EKZ Contracting SA - 65’000 m2 Residential + Commercial

- 3’100 MWh/a (Heating + DHW)

- 650 MWh/a Cooling demand

- 2 MW power installed (in total)

- Two-stage HP per house / COP=4.1

- Source: Ground water

- TNetwork: between 4 °C and 17 °C.

- Investments: 6 Mio. CHF

7, 20.11.2018

Slide

Programm «Thermal Networks» - Classification of networks

8, 20.11.2018

Thermal networks

Que

lle:

Köd

el e

t al

., G

rund

lage

n un

d Er

läut

erun

gen

zu t

herm

isch

en N

etze

n, E

nFK,

SCCER

, M

ärz

2018

0°C 20°C 30°C 60°C Freezing point H2O

Limit Direct cooling

Limit Direct heating

Limit DHW-preparation

60°C

30°C

20°C

0°C

Network temperature (warm pipe)

Valu

e of

hea

t

High temperature Low temperature

Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4

Heating Pre-Heating Cooling

5th Generation?

Slide

Heat pumps

9, 20/11/2018

Slide

Power range of heat pumps sold in Switzerland in kW

10, 20/11/2018

82% < 20 kW 97% < 50 kW

Source: https://www.fws.ch/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/FWS_Statistiken_2017_V2.pdf

kW

Num

ber

of u

nits

sol

d

Slide

IEA Annex 47 – Heat Pumps in DHC Systems

- Participating Countries: - Denmark (Lead, Svend Vinther Pedersen) - Sweden - Austria - Switzerland - Great Britain

- Task 1. Market potential

- Task 2. Description of existing systems

- Task 3. Concepts/solutions

- Task 4. Implementation barriers

- Task 5. Dissemination

11, 20.11.2018

Source: http://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/

Slide

Supply and return temperatures of DH – Case Austria

Source: Büchele R., „Bewertung des Potenzials für den Einsatz der hocheffizienten KWK und effizienter Fernwärme- und Fernkälteversorgung, Endbericht,“ Wien, 2015. 12.20.11.2018

Slide

Heat pumps – Application possibilities in thermal networks

13, 20.11.2018

Wood

Source Users Distribution

68°C

45°C

65°C

50°C

Own network

Wood

Source Users Distribution

68°C

45°C

65°C

50°C

Other users

Other networks

Increase the capacity of the

Slide

District heating Tamsweg – Using return temperatures as heat source

- Increase network capacity

- Improve efficiency of burner due to better flue gas condensation

- 20 % more energy out of the same amount of wood

- 0.9 MW heat pump, COP 6

14, 20/11/2018

Source: Kronberger, B., 2015

Slide

Heat pumps in thermal networks - Summary

- Heat pumps key technology

- Efficiency improvement and CO2-reductions

- More application possibilities

- Still technical and social-economical barriers to overcome!

- Availability products - «New» technology

15, 20.11.2018

Heat source Application Power range Temp. range Delta T

Ground water Central lift > 1 MW 11°C to 70°C 60 K

Ground water Decentral lift 100 kW – 1 MW 11°C to 65°C 55 K

Lake water Central low temp. lift > 1 MW 4°C to 8°C 4 K

Return DH Central or decentral 100 kW – 1 MW 50°C to 70°C 20 K

Slide

Thank you for your support and attention!

https://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/ www.energieschweiz.ch/thermische-netze

16, 20.11.2018

Annex 47

Programm «Thermal Networks»