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Heat and Moisture Modeling Using COMSOL
dr.ir.ing. Jos van Schijndel
Presented at the COMSOL Conference 2008 Hannover
PAGE 111-11-2008
Multiphysics Contents
• Introduction • Heat and Moisture Transport• Verification • Application• Conclusions
PAGE 211-11-2008
WHAT? Multiscale couplingtime, geometry
Whole Building (scale 10 m)Detail (scale 0.01 m)
ConstructionLocal
Systems & ControlLocal
Coupled
PAGE 311-11-2008
WHAT? Multiphysics couplingheat, air, moisture, …
heat
air
moisture
0)( =∇⋅+∇−⋅∇+∂∂ TCTtTC pp uρλρ
0)( =∇⋅+∇−⋅∇+∂∂
vvv ppDtp u
[Tariku 2008]
PAGE 411-11-2008
WHY?
GoalImprove building and systems performances
durability, comfort, economics
ScienceModeling is an essential and inseparable part of all
scientific activity [wikipedia]
Design Application of Knowledge to Control
PAGE 511-11-2008
HOW? Modeling based on physicsOptimal Abstraction level
Multi Buildings(HAMBase)
Multi PDEMulti
ODE
PAGE 611-11-2008
HOW? ImplementationMatLab/SimuLink/COMSOL
PAGE 711-11-2008
Multiphysics 3D Heat
PAGE 811-11-2008
Multiphysics 2D heat & air & vapour
PAGE 911-11-2008
Multiphysics 2D wind & driving rain
PAGE 1011-11-2008
Multiphysics 2D wind & driving rain
PAGE 1111-11-2008
3D thermal2D heat & air & vapour
MultiphysicsEducation
• Master Course, 2 ECTS• Exemplary results• Course Available at http://sts.bwk.tue.nl/7s532/
PAGE 1211-11-2008
Multiphysics Modeling Validated
PAGE 1311-11-2008
Guidelines FEM Heat and Moisture Modeling (1) Use LPc as potential
)(
)(
2221
1211
LPcKTKtLPcC
LPcKTKtTC
LPc
T
∇+∇⋅∇=∂
∂
∇+∇⋅∇=∂∂
,
,
,
)log(
21
22
12
11
10
TPsatK
RTM
PsatLPcPc
LPcPcKK
LPcPc
PcwC
RTM
PsatLPcPclK
KcCPcLPc
p
a
wp
LPc
a
wplv
T
∂∂⋅⋅=
⋅⋅∂∂
⋅⋅−∂∂
⋅−=
∂∂
⋅∂∂
=
⋅⋅∂∂
⋅⋅⋅−=
=⋅=
=
φδ
ρφδ
ρφδ
λρ
PAGE 1411-11-2008
Material Function in MatLab(2) Calculate PDE coeffients fun(Lpc,T)
)(
)(
2221
1211
LPcKTKtLPcC
LPcKTKtTC
LPc
T
∇+∇⋅∇=∂
∂
∇+∇⋅∇=∂∂
PAGE 1511-11-2008
Material Function in MatLab(2) Calculate PDE coefficients fun(LPc,T)
)(
)(
2221
1211
LPcKTKtLPcC
LPcKTKtTC
LPc
T
∇+∇⋅∇=∂
∂
∇+∇⋅∇=∂∂
PAGE 1611-11-2008
VerificationHAMSTAD Benchmark no 1
)()()(
ppgpplTThq
i
ilvii
−⋅=−⋅⋅+−⋅=
ββ
0)(
=−⋅=
gTThq ee
PAGE 1711-11-2008
VerificationHeat & Moisture
PAGE 1811-11-2008
VerificationHeat
COMSOL Reference
PAGE 1911-11-2008
VerificationMoisture
COMSOL Reference
PAGE 2011-11-2008
Step 1Measurements, sensors
PAGE 2111-11-2008
Step 2: Modeling & ValidationSimulation vs Measurements
Ti RHi
PAGE 2211-11-2008
Step 3: Application of the model
• Evaluation of the moisture damageMoisture damage not caused by moisture through the constructionMoisture damage not caused by condensation at the insideConfirmation of leakages
• Evaluation of a new design:Effect of partly removing the concrete
PAGE 2311-11-2008
ConclusionMulti(building)physics & COMSOL
• COMSOL is a state-of-art Multiphysics modeling tool for doing research in the area of building physics
• High performance on• 1,2 & 3D capabilities• Grid & solvers techniques• Visualisation• Flexibility due to PDE abstraction level
• Also a excellent tool for education • Our models are available at http://sts.bwk.tue.nl/hamlab/
PAGE 2411-11-2008
• Thank you
• Questions ?
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