health disparities in the united states
Post on 22-Jan-2017
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Definitions• Social position – “relative
advantage and disadvantage in social hierarchies” (Penman-Aguilar et al, 2015)
So what is a health disparity then? • “differences in health outcomes and their determinants between
segments of the population, as defined by social, demographic, environmental, and geographic attributes” (Penman-Aguilar et al, 2015)• “differences between groups in health care coverage, access to care,
and quality of care, typically viewed through the lens of race and ethnicity” (Powell, 2016)
What is the dose-response relationship? • Means that the relationship between social advantage and health is
incremental
People with the least education and lowest income had the most adverse levels of health (Braveman et al, 2010)
People living in poor communities have a higher prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and stroke (Powell, 2016)
Conclusion• Achieving health equity is a monumental challenge and there is still
much work to be done!
References1. Adler, N. E., Glymour, M. M., & Fielding, J. (2016). Addressing Social Determinants of
Health and Health Inequalities. Jama, 316(16), 1641. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.140582. Braveman, P. A., Cubbin, C., Egerter, S., Williams, D. R., & Pamuk, E. (2010).
Socioeconomic Disparities in Health in the United States: What the Patterns Tell Us. American Journal of Public Health, 100(S1). doi:10.2105/ajph.2009.166082
3. Marmot, M. G., & Bell, R. (2009). Action on Health Disparities in the United States. Jama, 301(11), 1169. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.363
4. Penman-Aguilar, A., Talih, M., Huang, D., Moonesinghe, R., Bouye, K., & Beckles, G. (2016). Measurement of Health Disparities, Health Inequities, and Social Determinants of Health to Support the Advancement of Health Equity. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 22. doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000000373
5. Powell, D. L. (2016). Social Determinants of Health: Cultural Competence is Not Enough. Creat Nurs Creative Nursing, 22(1), 5-10. doi:10.1891/1078-4535.22.1.5
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