head unit field level constraints and suggestions for better adoption of fertigation ·...
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Field Level Constraints and Suggestionsfor
Better Adoption of Fertigation
DR.S.RAMANADVISOR GGRC
AND FRELANCE CONSULTANTNATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
MUMBAI
HEAD UNIT
VENTURY
PROPERFERTIGATION!!!
HARDWARE RELATED PROBLEMS HIGH COSTS OFWSF AND UNAFFORDABILITY
BY FARMERS
TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE GAPS
FIELD LEVEL CONSTRAINTS
No filter ventury
Filter No ventury
Filter ventury
No filter no ventury
0
25
35
40
KARNATAKA - VIJAYAPURASample survey of 40 respondents
Yes
No
50
50
KARNANATKA CHIKMAGALURFERTIGATION
All had ventury112 rspondents
SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING VENTURY USE FOR FERTIGATION
ALWAYS check and adjust the pressure before starting the system considering pressure drop due
to ventury
Use Portable pressure gauge
Test pressure at Section valve level / instead of at head unit for better pressure management
Make Fertigation Equipment Mandatory
Improvement in Pressure Gauges and their use
Consider providing filter and Ventury within the
stipulated subsidy amount for those
Who have not availed for them earlier
Consideration :MOA and FW ,NCPAH , State Implementing Agencies
SUGGESTIONS REGARDING HARDWARE RELATED ISSUES
Straight Nitrogenous
Fertilizers
Straight Phosphatic Fertilizers
Straight Potassic
Fertilizers
Water soluble Fertilizers
Ammonium Sulphate Urea (46% N)
Ammonium Chloride
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate
Anhydrous AmmoniaUrea (coated) (45% N) (While free flowing) Anhydrous Ammonia Urea Super Granulated Urea (Granular) Urea Ammonium Nitrate (32%) (Liquid)Neem Coated Urea
Single Superphosphate (16% P2O 5 Powdered and granulated)
Triple Superphosphate
Bone meal,
Rockphosphate
Superphosphoric Acid (70% P2O 5 ) (Liquid)
Potassium Chloride(Muriate of Potash)
Potassium Sulphate
Potassium Schoenite
Potassium Chloride (Muriate of Potash) (Granular)
Potash derived from Molasses
13:0:45 (Pot.Nit)0:52:34 (Mono Pot Phos)Calcium nitrate13:40:1318:18:1813:5:266:12:3620:20:20
17:44:0 (UP)19:19:19Pot.mag.sulph12:61:0 (MAP)
FERTILIZER CONTROL ORDER CLASSIFICATION
8471
108
84
30
130
6 20
Approximate Prices of Some WSF (Rs/kg)
MAP UP MKP Pot. Nitrate Mag. Sulph All19 Urea MOP
Imported Locally available
Without
With
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium
50
20
50
95
45
80
Estimated Fertilizer Use Efficiency with Fertigation
Majorly Imported WSF includes different combinations from
MAP, All19, Cal. Nitrate, Pot.nitrate,Urea, AS, Mag.sulphate, muriate of potash
Locally Available WSF includes
Urea, Urea phosphate and Muriateof potash
53 54
38
19
47
1923
16
5
27
TOMATO ( K) TOMATO (T) CAPSICUM COTTON (G) S.CANE (TN)
Estimated Fertigation Costs ( Rs ‘000)
Majorly Imported WSF Locally Available WSF
Since P is required more during initial stages and P use efficiency does not improve much due to fertigation apply whole/part of P as basal
Encourage use of locally manufactured Urea Phophate for Fertigation
Use of liquid bio fertilizer and organics like Vermiwash, Panchakavya etc ( WITH PROPER FILTRARTION ONLY )
Adopt ‘P’ Fertigation ONLY in ‘P’ responsive soils and Crops
HOW TO MAKE ‘P’ FERTIGATION MORE ECONOMICALLY VIABLE AT FIELD LEVEL
WHY UREA PHOSPHATE
• High Analysis water soluble ‘P” Source 17:44:0
MANUFACTURED IN THE COUNTRY
• Has a solution pH of around 2
• Acidic pH prevents Ca&Mg precipitation
• Can retard P precipitation in calcareous soils also
• Becomes urea and Phosphoric acid on dissolution
• and can act as an “auto System Cleaner”
• Cheaper than other phosphatic specialty WSF
• presently available in India and hence more
• affordable by the farmers
WEST GODAVARI GUJARAT STATEKURNOOL Ahmedabad
MAKE USE OF SOIL FERTILITY MAPS ESPECIALLY FOR THE
COSTLY ‘P’ FERTIGATION
Use of Urea and Muriate of potash for fertigation have decreased
Instead,use of 19:19:19:, 12:61:0, 0:0:50, Potassium nitrate,Calcium nitrate, Magnesium sulphate etc. WHICH ARE MORE COSTLY have increased
To make fertigation more economical and viable it is suggested that the locally available /manufactured sources as
Urea, Urea phosphate and KCl must be used.Wherever quality is of prime concern 0:0:50 can be used
STATUS AND SUGGESTIONON PRESENT FERTIGATION SCHEDULES
Present schedules are not location specific but crop specific and mostly based on total nutrient removal
Location specific fertigation schedule need be developed based on soil test and crop uptake pattern
The relative TECHNO ECONOMIC ViabilityOf present WSF usage vis a vis urea, urea phosphate
and muriate of potash need be worked out
The NEED of Mg.Sul in non acidic and non sandy soils and Response to foliar application of 19:19:19 need be has to be established
TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE GAPS
Appropriate Technology for use of Organicbased liquids for fertigation need be developed
CONSIDERATION:NCPAHPFDCSSAU /ICAR WATER MANGEMENT PROJECTSDEPT. OF AGRONOMY/SOIL SCIENCE ANDHORTICULTURE IN SAUS AND SHUS
MAGNESIUM SULPHATE USE
Required only acidic and very sandy soils
Presently it is being used in almost all types of soils in the country
Advise farmers to use it STRICTLY ON SOIL AND WATER TEST BASIS
If calcium content in water is more, the calcium sulphate formed will result in clogging problems
In both districts more than 80 per cent of the farmers used Calcium nitrate and All19
Around nine per cent farmers in Anand and five per cent farmers in Narmada district used NPK 13:40:13
Grade.
Sulphate of Potash (00:00:50) was not used by farmers in Anand District Around 62 per cent of farmers used SOP in Narmada District
UNFORTUNATELY USE OF UREA IS NOT CONSIDERED AND REPORTED AS WATRER SOLUBLE FERTILIZER !!!!!!!!!!!!!
WATER SOLUBLE FERTILIZERS USE IN ANAND AND BHARUCH DISTRICTS
Source: IIM Ahmedabad
HIGH COST OF THE “WSP”
RESTRICTS ITS USAGE
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