hazardous waste operations and emergency response - awareness 29 cfr 1910.120 revised july 2000
Post on 24-Dec-2015
214 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONS AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE - AWARENESS
29 CFR 1910.120
Revised July 2000
Objectives Define your role at the Awareness level? “Clues” to be gathered upon discovering an
incident. Be able to read placards and labels. Able to read and interpret the DOT book. Able to implement site security and control. Understand the basics of an Emergency Response
Plan
Role of First Responder - Awareness
29 CFR 1910.120(q)
• Likely to witness or discover release.
• Trained to initiate emergency response.
• Take no further action .
FIRST RESPONDER AWARENESS LEVEL
• Understand what hazardous materials are and their risks in an incident.
• Understand the potential outcome of an emergency created when hazardous materials are present.
• Ability to recognize the presence of hazardous materials in an emergency.
• Ability to identify hazardous materials if possible
• Role of the First Responder in the Emergency Response Plan including site security & control and DOT’s Emergency Response Guidebook.
• Ability to realize the need for additional resources and to make appropriate notification to communication center.
HISTORY Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA)– allocated funds to develop health and safety
training for workers involved in transportation, storage, or disposal of hazardous waste.
Hazard Recognition
Definitions
Hazardous substance: “OSHA”
Hazardous waste: “EPA”
Hazardous material: “DOT”
Hazardous Substance - OSHA
A substance which may result in adverse affects on the health and safety of employees
A substance included as a hazardous material by DOT and as a hazardous waste by EPA
Hazardous Waste - EPA
Poses unreasonable risk to health, safety or property when transported in commerce for the purposes of treatment, storage, or disposal as waste
Hazardous Material - DOT
Any substance or material in any form or quantity which poses an unreasonable risk to safety and health and property when transported in commerce
Chemical Hazards Flammable Corrosive Reactive Toxic Sudden Release of Pressure (explosion)
– detonation and deflagration
Physical Hazards to Employees Radiation Electricity Stress Heat/Cold Slips, trips, falls Steam & Chemical clouds
Biological Hazards Infectious Hospital Waste Research Materials Raw sewage (hepatitis A, E-coli) Bites from vectors (ticks, rats, wild dogs)
Modes and Routes of Entry Mode
Inhalation
Ingestion
Injection
Absorption
Route
Respiratory System
Gastrointestinal Sys.
Skin
Skin
Health Effects Acute
– body response at time of exposure, typically a high concentration, or a few days after exposure.
Chronic– body response takes a long time after
repeated or prolonged exposures.
Definitions PPM TLV PEL REL TWA
C STEL IDLH OSHA ACGIH NIOSH
Inhalation Hazard?
Handy rules of thumb– vapor pressure
» <10 mmHg slow» 10-50 mmHg medium» >50 mmHg fast
– evaporation rate » <0.8 slow» 0.8 - 3 medium» > 3 fast
Target Organs Nephrotoxin - kidneys Hepatotoxin - liver Neurotoxin - CNS Hemotoxin - blood Mutagenic - genetic material Teratogenic - fetal deformities Carcinogenic - cancer causing
Factors of Toxicity Time & Frequency (TWA, STEL) Route by which exposure occurs Physical & chemical form of the substance Dose delivered
Components of Combustion
Fuel Oxidizer
Ignition Sources
Fire & Explosion Characteristics
Fire & Explosive Characteristics Sources of Ignition
Cigarettes
Welding
Grinding / Cutting
Unprotected electrical equipment
Open flames
Hot surfaces
Static electricity
Oxidizing chemicals
Classes Of Fires Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class A/Ordinary Combustible -Extinguish with water
Class B/Flammable Liquids. Use a Dry Chemical Extinguisher
Class C/Electrical Equipment. Use a CO2 Extinguisher
Class D/Combustible Metals. Use a Dry Powder Extinguisher
Terminology: Flammable Flash Point Ignition Auto Ignition Lower Flammability
Limit
Upper Flammability Limit
Combustible Flammability Range Oxidizers
Flammable vs. Combustible Flammable
– A liquid with a flash point below 100oF (Source: 29 CFR
1910.106)
– A liquid with a flash point below 141oF (Source: DOT)
Combustible A liquid with a flash point at or above
100oF but below 200oF (Source: 29 CFR 1910.106)
A liquid with a flash point at or above 141oF but below 200oF (Source: DOT)
Hazard Identification
Labels and Placards Other Documentation (MSDS) Container Shape
Labels and Placards
DOT System
NFPA System
HMIS System
1831
COR
DOT System Shipping papers Markings Labeling Placarding
Shipping Papers Proper shipping name Hazard class (9 classes) Identification number Packing group Container type Quantity Shipper data Emergency phone number
Markings
Proper shipping name Identification number Address of the shipper
Labels & Placards Graphic representation of the hazard Labels on packaging/containers Placards on the outside - ends & sides of
trucks, rail cars, freight containers
NFPA SYSTEM
• Diamond-shaped
• Color-coded in 4 small diamonds
Blue Health risk
Red Flammability
Yellow Reactivity
White Special information
• Number-coded in the red, blue, and yellow diamonds
Health Hazard4-Deadly
3-Extremely Hazardous
2-Hazardous
1-Slightly Hazardous
0-Normal material
Specific Hazard
Oxidizer OX
Use NO WATER W
Chemical NameChemical NameFire HazardFlash Points
4-Below 73 F
3-Below 100 F
2-Below 200 F
1-Above 200 F
0-Will not burn
Reactivity
4-May detonate
3-Shock and heat may detonate
2-Violent chemical
change
1-Unstable if heated
0-Stable
HMIS
Hazard Materials Identification System
• Rectangular
• Color-coded
Blue Health risk
Red Flammability
Yellow Reactivity
White Special information/PPE
Hazard Materials Information Sheet
Health
Reactivity
PPE
Flammability
NFPA vs. HMIS NFPA is geared for fire emergencies HMIS is geared for everyday use NFPA and HMIS numbers are often in
conflict (especially health and reactivity) HMIS includes necessary PPE NFPA includes special hazards
Other Documentation MSDS
Shipping Containers
Shipping Papers (Bill of Lading)
How hazardous is it?? Percent by weight How volatile it is (vapor pressure) Lowest exposure limit Physical form Route of entry Chronic vs. acute Where is it? (out in open, confined area)
Manufacturer’s Name Emergency Telephone Number
Address (Number, Street, City, and ZIP Code)
Telephone Number for Information
Date Prepared
Signature of Preparer (optional)
Manufacturer’s Name Emergency Telephone Number
Address (Number, Street, City, and ZIP Code)
Telephone Number for Information
Date Prepared
Signature of Preparer (optional)
Material Safety Data SheetMaterial Safety Data SheetIdentify (As Used on Label and List)
Note: Blank spaces are not permitted. If any item is not applicable, or no information is available, the space must be marked to indicate that.
Identify (As Used on Label and List)
Note: Blank spaces are not permitted. If any item is not applicable, or no information is available, the space must be marked to indicate that.
Division of Safety & Hygiene Hazard Communication 96-97
Hazardous Ingredients/Identity InformationHazardous Ingredients/Identity Information
Hazardous Components (Specific Chemical Identity; Common Name(s)
OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV Other Limits Recommended
%Optional
Division of Safety & Hygiene Hazard Communication 96-97
Boiling Point Specific Gravity (H2O = 1)
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg.) Melting Point
Vapor Density (AIR 1) Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate 1)
Solubility in Water
Appearance and Odor
Boiling Point Specific Gravity (H2O = 1)
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg.) Melting Point
Vapor Density (AIR 1) Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate 1)
Solubility in Water
Appearance and Odor
Physical/Chemical CharacteristicsPhysical/Chemical Characteristics
Division of Safety & Hygiene Hazard Communication 96-97
Fire and Explosion Hazard DataFire and Explosion Hazard Data
Flash Point (Method Used) Flammable Limits LEL UEL
Extinguishing Media
Special Fire Fighting Procedures
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards
Flash Point (Method Used) Flammable Limits LEL UEL
Extinguishing Media
Special Fire Fighting Procedures
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards
Division of Safety & Hygiene Hazard Communication 96-97
Hazard Communication 96-97Division of Safety & Hygiene
Reactivity DataReactivity Data
Stability Unstable Conditions to Avoid
Stable
Stability Unstable Conditions to Avoid
Stable
Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)
Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts
Hazardous May Occur Conditions to Avoid Polymerization
Will Not Occur
Hazardous May Occur Conditions to Avoid Polymerization
Will Not Occur
Hazard Communication 96-97Division of Safety & Hygiene
Health Hazard DataHealth Hazard Data
Route(s) of Entry: Inhalation? Skin? Ingestion?
Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)
Carcinogenicity: NTP? IARC Monographs? OSHA Regulated?
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure
Emergency and First Aid Procedures
Hazard Communication 96-97Division of Safety & Hygiene
Precautions for Safe Handling and UsePrecautions for Safe Handling and Use
Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled
Waste Disposal Method
Precautions to Be Taken in Handling and Storing
Other Precautions
Hazard Communication 96-97Division of Safety & Hygiene
Control MeasuresControl Measures
Respiratory Protection (Specify Type)
Ventilation Local Exhaust Special
Mechanical Other
Protective Gloves Eye Protection
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment
Work/Hygienic Practices
(General)
Containers
Types of Containers Drums and Totes Above ground tanks Underground tanks Tanker trailers Ponds or lagoons Compressed gas cylinders
Container Inspection Symbols, words or markings identifying the
content Signs of deterioration - corrosion, rust,
leaks, crystallization around opening (peroxides)
Signs of container under pressure - bulges & swelling
Drum type Drumhead configuration
North American Emergency Response Guidebook
EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK
Yellow Section
•ID # - United Nations # (Numerical Order)
•Guide # - Orange Pages
•Material Name
Blue Section
•Material Name (Alphabetically)
•Guide Number (Orange Section)
•ID #
Orange Section
•Potential Hazards - (Fire/Explosion, Health)
•Public Safety - (Notification, PPE, Evacuation)
•Emergency Response -(Fire, Spill/Leak, First Aid)
Green Section
•Table of Initial Isolation and
Protective Action Distances
• Small And Large Releases
• Day And Night
Emergency Response Plan
ERP
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANS
Elements:
• Emergency escape procedures & route designations
• Procedures for employees who stay to operate critical operations before they evacuate.
• Accountability procedures for all on-site personnel.
Elements continued:
• Rescue and medical responsibilities
• Fire and emergency reporting
• Emergency call list for notification and assistance
• PPE & emergency equipment
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANS
RISK ASSESSMENT
•Probability of an unwanted event.
•Hazards associated with event.
•Control measures.
Hierarchy of Controls:
A. Engineering
B. Administrative work practices
C. Respirators and PPE
Engineering Controls Pressurized cabs on heavy machinery Control booths Remotely operated material handling
equipment
Work Practices Remove all non-essential personnel Wetting down dusty operations Locating employees upwind of possible
hazards
The potential risk from the many hazardous properties of any particular material will vary depending on the conditions during the emergency.
In addition to being able to recognize what has already happened in an emergency, it is necessary to recognize the potential for other problems i.e. a small fire could develop into an explosion.
For an Emergency Response Plan to be effective, it requires
pre-planning Training or exercise (Table Top) critique/follow-up.
Additional Resources
A first responder must become familiar with the capabilities and limitations of the emergency response team in order to determine the need for additional help or resources.
SITE SECURITY AND CONTROL
• Safe distances
• Evacuation & isolation
• Places of refuge
Site Security & Control cont.
• point of entry
• site maps
• area entry logs
• boundaries
Site Security and Control cont.
• Accessibility of potential routes
• Multiple evacuation routes
• Mark evacuation routes
• Make escape routes known to all
COMMUNICATIONS
----First Responder - Awareness has the ability to make appropriate notifications to the communications center.
Communications
Internal
bells
whistles
telephones
sirens
pagers
megaphones
bullhorns
compressed air horns
site alarms
PLUS . . .
colored flags
flares
hand signals
lights
signal boards
External Forms of Communication
Telephone hookups
Cell phones
Radio
top related