hans frost hans lassen søren anker pedersen eea 6 march
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Hans FrostHans Lassen Søren Anker PedersenEEA 6 March
Hans FrostHans Lassen Søren Anker PedersenEEA 6 March
EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – SpotmeterSpotmeter
Basis for EURECA ‘Fish Behind the Net’Basis for EURECA ‘Fish Behind the Net’
FBtN is restricted to EU waters and to ecosystem services affected by fisheries
1. Review the ecosystem services provided from the marine ecosystem:
Identifying them2. Restrict to waters the EU Seas (Black Sea, Northeast Atlantic,
Mediterranean, Black Sea): Based on existing well-founded knowledge
Geographical and Conceptual system definition:
4. Restrict to services that can be quantified and preferably valuated: Restriction will be area specific
3. Restrict to services significantly affected by commercial fisheries: Restriction will be area specific
What is the EURECA ‘Fish Behind the Net’- What is the EURECA ‘Fish Behind the Net’- Spotmeter?Spotmeter?
FBtN aims at providing relevant information to support the 2012 reform of the CFP
1. Assessing the selected ecosystem goods and services: Identifying and quantifying them
2. Analysing consequences of context changes: Quantifying and valuing the observed trends/changes
3. Exploring resilience / sustainability issues
4. Exploring management measures to address the observed and future trends/changes
Key issues of concern and stressors with regards Exploiting the marine environment based on the following ‘building blocks’:
EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – SpotmeterSpotmeter
Spotmeter Indicators
Status and trend assessment, based on existing indicators.
Where possible, relative to established management targets or thresholds in relevant EU policies
EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – Relevant EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – Relevant ServicesServices
Indicators
Food provision can be quantified and valuated
Regional policiesBiodiversity Difficult to valuate
Food Provision
Regional population structures – Cultural
Icon species
Healthy marine ecosystems: BiodiversitySensitive to invasive species
EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – SpotmeterSpotmeter
Fisheries effects/impacts on marine ecosystem services at regional level
• Baltic Sea • NE-Atlantic • Mediterranean• Black Seas
and
at the full European level.
European Lifestyles and Marine Ecosystems (ELME)
Food provisioningHealthy ecosystem:
The ‘fishing down’ effect is strong and
everywhere.
Pauly, 2002
Cod egg survey 2004(Fox et al., 2008)
EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – SpotmeterSpotmeter
Example: Survey of North Sea cod spawning grounds
NATURA 2000-protected habitats and species in the North Sea- and Baltic Sea according to Fauna-Flora-Habitat-Directive (FFH-Directive) and the Bird Directive (BD)
Benthic communities in FFH - Habitats
FFH-Habitats Sandbank, Reefs
FFH-Annex II Marine Mammals
Harbour porpoise, Harbour Seal, Grey Seal
BD Annex I and migratory bird species
Red-throated Diver, Black-throated Diver, Terns, Common Scoter, Long-tailed duck, etc.
FFH-Annex II Fish Species
Shad, Twaite Shad, Hounting, River Lamprey, Sea Lamprey, Sturgeon
North Sea:1.– SCI Doggerbank; 2. – SCI SyltOuter Reef; 3. – SCI BorkumReef
Ground; 4. – SPA Eastern German Bight
Baltic Sea:1. – SCI FehmarnBelt; 2. –SCI KadetTrench; 3. – SCI Western Rønne
Bank; 4. – SCI Adler Ground; 5. – SCI Pomeranian Bay with Odra Bank; 6. –
SPA Pomeranian Bay
The EMPAS project: Natura 2000 sites
1
2
3
4
12
3
4
5
6
North Sea
Baltic Sea
34
FBtN – Spotmeter developing and testingFBtN – Spotmeter developing and testing
Impact from fishing on ecosystem services
Impact assessment:Stock assessmentGear typesFleets-Overfishing- Distribution- Population structure- Smaller fishEco-effects of fishing- By-catch - Genetic effects- Habitats effects- Food web-Other effects
”Indicator species” for GES?
BB 1: BB 2:
Analysing conseq.:Value of codValue of other services:- Recreational value- Lost of cultur/social v.- Turisme- Consumer behaviour- othersValue of Eco-effects:- Change in food webs- Value of other species- Value of food species- Value of by-catch
Policy objectives - and trade-offs?
Resilienece:Target stocks:- Pollution- Climate change- Invasive species- Other changesEcosystems:- Pollution- Climate change- Invasive species- Other changes
BB 3:
Measures:Reduce effortChange gearNatura2000MPAsMSCIncentivesITQOther measures
BB 4:
Overfishing(Low yield)Today
GES (MSFD)MSY (CFP)
FBtN – Spotmeter developing and testingFBtN – Spotmeter developing and testing
Impact from fishing on ecosystem services
Impact assessment:Stock assessmentGear typesFleets-Overfishing- Distribution- Population structure- Smaller fishEco-effects of fishing- By-catch - Genetic effects- Habitats effects- Food web-Other effects
”Indicator species” for GES?
BB 1: BB 2:
Analysing conseq.:Value of codValue of other services:- Recreational value- Lost of cultur/social v.- Turisme- Consumer behaviour- othersValue of Eco-effects:- Change in food webs- Value of other species- Value of food species- Value of by-catch
Policy objectives - and trade-offs?
Resilienece:Target stocks:- Pollution- Climate change- Invasive species- Other changesEcosystems:- Pollution- Climate change- Invasive species- Other changes
BB 3:
Measures:Reduce effortChange gearNatura2000MPAsMSCIncentivesITQOther measures
BB 4:
Overfishing(Low yield)Today
GES (MSFD)MSY (CFP)
FBtN – Spotmeter developing and testingFBtN – Spotmeter developing and testing
Impact from fishing on ecosystem services
Impact assessment:Stock assessmentGear typesFleets-Overfishing- Distribution- Population structure- Smaller fishEco-effects of fishing- By-catch - Genetic effects- Habitats effects- Food web- Other effects
”Indicator species” for GES?
BB 1: BB 2:
Analysing conseq.:Value of codValue of other services:- Recreational value- Lost of cultur/social v.- Turisme- Consumer behaviour- othersValue of Eco-effects:- Change in food webs- Value of other species- Value of food species- Value of by-catch
Policy objectives - and trade-offs?
Resilienece:Target stocks:- Pollution- Climate change- Invasive species- Other changesEcosystems:- Pollution- Climate change- Invasive species- Other changes
BB 3:
Measures:Reduce effortChange gearNatura2000MPAsMSCIncentivesITQOther measures
BB 4:
Overfishing(Low yield)Today
GES (MSFD)MSY (CFP)
The type of assessment model we work with in fisheries
Valuation of Ecosystem Services
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Biomass
Revenue and costs
Capacity (effort)
a
Gross revenue
Total costs
b
c
Overcapacity
Resource rent
Biomass
Benchmarks for fisheries management
Stock
Effort
Catches (landings)
Net profit
Ecosystem process/Habitat
Cultural
Regulation
Discards
Demand (prices)
To handleDifficult towards impossible
The marine system
EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – EURECA’s ‘Fish Behind the Net’ (FBtN) – SpotmeterSpotmeter
“Thank You”“Thank You”
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