groundwater resources of the world · 2019. 6. 21. · abu dhabi guangzhou monterrey kathmandu...

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Phoenix

New York

Guadalajara

Montreal

St. Petersburg

Vienna

Istanbul

Tunis

Brussels

Lagos

Ouagadougou

Osaka

Hyderabad

AhmadabadKarachi

103

432

Lima

Suva

Dili

Aden

Doha

BakuRome

Kiev

Omsk

Perm

Oslo

Nome

Seoul

Perth

BelemQuito

Accra

Dakar Sana

Hanoi

DhakaAswan

Miami

LhasaCairo

Wuhan

RabatXian

KabulTokyo

Paris

Minsk

Kazan

Thule

Taipei

Anadyr

Jeddah

Tehran

Bogota

Sofiya

Hobart

Sydney

Durban

Maseru

Maputo

HarareCairnsLa Paz Cuiaba

Lusaka

Darwin

Luanda

Recife

Manaus

Kigali

Bangui

Panama

Bamako MadrasNiamey

ManilaAsmara

Mumbai

Merida

Havana Muscat

RiyadhMurzuq

Shiraz Lahore

TabrizLisbon

DenverAnkaraMadrid

Boston

Almaty

Urumqi

HarbinQuebec

PragueLondon

WarsawBerlinDublin

Moscow

Juneau

Noumea

Athens

Ushuaia

Cordoba

Honiara

JakartaKananga

Iquitos

Nairobi

Kampala

YaoundeCayenne

Colombo

Conakry

CaracasManagua

BangkokRangoon

ThimphuTindouf

HoustonChengdu

El PasoTripoli Baghdad

Atlanta

LanzhouAlgiers

Tianjin

BeijingYerevan

Chicago

TorontoHalifax

Seattle

CalgaryIrkutsk

MagadanYakutsk

Godthab

Monrovia

AucklandCanberraAdelaide

Santiago

BrisbaneJohannesburg

Asuncion

Gaborone

Windhoek

Brasilia

LilongweSalvador

San Jose

Ndjamena

KhartoumTimbuktuBelmopan

Honolulu Calcutta

ShanghaiDamascus

Ashgabat Dushanbe

Tashkent

Belgrade

BudapestWinnipeg

Edmonton

Helsinki

Murmansk Norilsk

Hong Kong

Goose Bay

Stockholm

AnchorageReykjavik

Jerusalem

New Delhi

Singapore

Melbourne

Cape Town

Sao Paulo

Fortaleza

Kisangani Mogadishu

Guatemala

Vientiane

GuangzhouAbu Dhabi

Monterrey Kathmandu

Chongqing

Al Mawsil

St. Louis

BucharestAstrakhan

VolgogradVancouver

Amsterdam

Churchill

Libreville

Nouakchott

Copenhagen

Montevideo

Lubumbashi

ParamariboGeorgetown

Phnom Penh

Pyongyang

Khabarovsk

Ekaterinburg

Antofagasta

Livingstone

Brazzaville

Addis Ababa

Tegucigalpa

Mexico City

Tamanrasset

Los Angeles

Vladivostok

Ulaanbaatar

Novosibirsk

Arkangelsk

Buenos Aires

Port Moresby

Christchurch

Porto Alegre

Antananarivo

Kuala Lumpur

Alice Springs

Dar es Salaam

Santo Domingo

San Francisco

Rio de Janeiro

Belo Horizonte

Washington D.C.

Ho Chi Minh City

Santa Cruz de la Sierra

Petropavloski-Kamchatskiy

405

505

422

219

412

511

403

407

415

411406

212

512

404

517

504

418

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213

311

430

105

401

434

409

440

208

506

431218

508

510

416410

509

426

413

436

402

312

101

435

106

423

424

420

433

417

419

102

437

307

414

306

502

310

313

428

427

421

439

515

425

216

107

438

305

429

501

513

214

309

217

209

207

221

408

507

503

304

303

215

204

302

308

201

205 206

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203

301

220

211210

Groundwater Resources of the World

A T L A N T I C

O C E A N

Tropic of Cancer

Tropic of Capricorn

Antarctic Circle

30°

30°

60°

Equator

60°

180°150° e.G.120°90°60°30°0°30°60°90°120°150°

O C E A N

P A C I F I C

O C E A N

I N D I A N

O C E A N

P A C I F I C

Scale 1 : 50 000 000

Arctic Circ le

0°

Legend

Special Edition, extracted from World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme (WHYMAP),printed with the financial support of UNESCO / IHP and the Federal Republic of GermanyPrinted by: Graphischer Betrieb Gieseking GmbH & Co. KG, Bielefeld, Germany

- Transboundary Aquifer Systems -180° w.G.

© BGR Hannover / UNESCO Paris 2006all rights reserved

Special Edition4th World Water Forum,Mexico City, March 2006

for the

Surface water

continuous ice sheet

large freshwater lake

large saltwater lake

major river

Transboundary Aquifer Systems

coherent modelling in progress

401

additional investigation required

number of aquifer system (see table 2)

Map projection

Robinson projection, longitude of central meridian 0°,spheroid WGS84, geographic coordinates

Topographic base map

CGMW / UNESCO(2000):

ESRI (2005):USGS (2003):

modified by BGR (2006)

Geological Map of the World1 : 25 000 000, second editionData & MapsGlobal GIS

Cartographical editing / GIS

BGR Uta Philipp, Andrea Richts and Patrick Clos

Wilhelm Struckmeier and Andrea Richts (Chief Editors),Ian Acworth, Giuseppe Arduino, Emilia Bocanegra,William Cunningham, Abdallah Droubi, Nelson da Franca,Wilfried Gilbrich, Jan Girman, Jac van der Gun,Ralf Klingbeil, Jean Margat, Dominique Poitrinal,Shaminder Puri, Alfonso Rivera, Mohamed Safar-Zitoun,Ofelia Tujchneider, Slavek Vasak, Jaroslav Vrba,Peter Winter, Markus Zaepke, Han Zaisheng and Igor Zektser

Prepared by

Andras Szöllösi-Nagy and Alice AureliRobert MissottenBernhard Stribrny and Wilhelm StruckmeierJean-Paul Cadet and Philippe RossiPradeep Aggarwal and Bill WallinStephen Foster and Andrew Skinner

Under the auspices of

UNESCO / IHPUNESCO / IGCPBGRCGMWIAEAIAH

Geography

selected city

country boundary

!

boundary of continuous permafrost

Groundwater

area with complex hydrogeological structure

area with local and shallow aquifers

high groundwater recharge (> 150 mm/a)

medium groundwater recharge (15 - 150 mm/a)

low groundwater recharge (< 15 mm/a)

major groundwater basin

area of saline groundwater (> 5 g/l TDS)

high groundwater recharge (> 150 mm/a)

medium groundwater recharge (15 - 150 mm/a)

low groundwater recharge (< 15 mm/a)