greenjobs presentation tucp workshop
Post on 05-Apr-2018
216 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
1/62
Understanding Green Jobs,
Climate Change
and Decent Work
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
2/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
3/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
4/62
Dual challenge
1. Environment:
Averting dangerous climate change and Protecting life-support on earth
2. Social challenge:
the prospect of well-being and dignity for all in theface of rapid population growth worldwide and thecurrent exclusion of over a billion people from
economic and social development
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
5/62
The dual challenge in numbers
Climate-related disasters: 262 million people affected annuallyover the period 2000-2004
Water shortages: 1.8 billion expected to suffer from fresh waterscarcity by 2025, mostly in Asia and Africa
Displacement by flooding: 330 million people increasinglyexposed to flooding in coastal areas,
Food shortages and malnutrition: currently affect 180 millionpeople and threaten to affect 600 million people by 2080
Working poor: 1.3 billion in the world with earnings too low to liftthem and their dependants above the poverty threshold of $2 per
day (more than 43 per cent of the global workforce) Unemployed: 190 million globally
Young job seekers: over 500 million additional job-seekers overthe next 10 years
Insecurity: 5.3 billion people without access to any social securitycoverage
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
6/62
Current Human Development Index vs. Ecological Impacts
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
7/62
Global GDP more than
doubled between 1981 2005.
But 60% of worlds
ecosystemsdegraded/exploitedunsustainably (MEA,2005).
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
8/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
9/62
Examples of Impacts brought about by global
average temperature changes
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
10/62
Specialized agency ofthe UN
182 member States
40 field officesthroughout the world
Established to achieve peace and
social justice (1919)
Devoted to advancingopportunities for women and men
to obtain decent and productive
work in conditions of freedom,
equity, security and human
dignity
Placing employment at the heart
of development policy
The International Labour Organization
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
11/62
Tripartism:
the essence of the ILO
ILOEmployers Workers
Governments
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
12/62
Structure of the ILO
InternationalLabour
Conference
InternationalLabour
ConferenceGoverningBodyGoverningBody
InternationalLabour OfficeInternationalLabour Office
ILO
Member States(Tripartite constituents)
ILO
Member States(Tripartite constituents)
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
13/62
Core Labour Standards
Freedom from DiscriminationFreedom from Discrimination
EqualEqual
Remuneration,Remuneration,
19511951
C. 100C. 100
DiscriminationDiscrimination
(Employment &(Employment &
Occupation), 1958Occupation), 1958
C. 111C. 111Freedom of AssociationFreedom of Association
Freedom ofFreedom ofAssociation,Association,
19481948
C. 87C. 87
Right toRight toCollectiveCollective
Bargaining,Bargaining, 4949
C. 98C. 98
Freedom from Forced LabourFreedom from Forced Labour
Forced Labour,Forced Labour,19301930
C. 29C. 29
Abolition ofAbolition ofForced Labour,Forced Labour,
19571957
C. 105C. 105
Minimum Age for EmploymentMinimum Age for Employment
Minimum AgeMinimum Agefor Employment,for Employment,
19731973
C. 138C. 138
Worst Forms ofWorst Forms ofChild Labour,Child Labour,
19991999
C. 182C. 182
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
14/62
The ILOs Decent Work Agenda
Centered on the ILOs key strategic objectives
Employment The principal route out of poverty is work
Rights
People in poverty needrepresentation, participationand voice
Protection
Earning power is suppressedby marginalization and lack
of support systems Dialogue
The only way to solveproblems peacefully
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
15/62
The two challenges are connectedClimate change /environmental
degradation:
Measures to addressvulnerability to Climate
Change (adaptation)
Policies to avoiddangerous climate
change (mitigation
Protectingenvironmental
resources
Employment and socialchallenges:
Changing employmentneeds eg. Green skills
Poverty andenvironmental
degradation
Population pressureson natural resources
Increasing energy use
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
16/62
Responding to these challenges Responding to these challenges requires a far-
reaching transformation to the way we produce,
consume and earn a living
Green jobs will be a key element of this shift to asustainable, low-carbon economy
Economy Environment
Labor/social issues
GREEN JOBS
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
17/62
Impact of the transformation to a
greener economy on sectorsExpansion of green sectors
Some sectors will decline Most sectors will evolve
Eg. Someindustriesthatcannotadapt
Eg.Manufacturing,construction,transport
Eg. Recycling,eco-tourism
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
18/62
This global green industry is expected to
generate USD 3.1 Trillion in sales by 2020
Environmental technology - leading industry inthe 21st century, with lead markets comingfrom : Wind power, photo-voltaics, energyefficiency, material efficiency, sustainablemobility (e-vehicles), green industry (LOHAS
segment) Trends compendium Report, Berger, 2010
Global Market Trends
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
19/62
Global Market Trends : Food Production
Sustainable forestry certification increased by 181 %(last 5 years), 9 per cent of global forested land in 2009
Certified sustainable coffee increased by 400% (last 5years). 8 per cent of global coffee exports
Sustainable tea production has grown by 5000% (last5 years). 7.7 per cent of global coffee exports
Sustainable banana sales have grown by 63 % (lasttwo years), 20 per cent of global exports in 2009
Sustainable cocoa sales increased by 248 % (last 5years), 1.2 per cent of global sales in 2008
UNCTAD, October 2010
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
20/62
Global Market Trends:
Ecotourism, agro-ecotourism
early 1990s, the fastest growing sector of the tourismindustry, expanding globally between 20% and 34% per
year. In 2004, growing 3 times faster than the global tourismindustry as a whole (UNWTO)
could grow to 25% of the worlds travel market, by 2012
Large potential for job creation, youth employmentEcoTourism World Congress, Ventiane, 2009
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
21/62
Green farming practiceshave increased yields,especially on small farms,between 79 and 180%.
10% increase in farm
yields -> 7% reductionin poverty in Africa,more than 5% in Asia
Enhancing natural capital = wealth creation
Approximately 2.6 billionpeople rely onagricultural production
systems for theirlivelihood (FAO 2009)
525 million smallfarms world wide, 404
million less than twohectares of land(Nagayets 2005)
Small farms cultivate
60% of arable land(Herren et al. 2010)
An increase in overall GDP coming fromagricultural labor productivityis on average2.5times more effectivein raising the incomes of the poorest quintile in developing countries
than an equivalent increase in GDP coming fromnon-agricultural labor productivity.
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
22/62
Climate change impacts in enterprises
RISKS
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
23/62
Climate change impacts in enterprises
OPPORTUNITIES
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
24/62
GLOBAL
IMPACT
Population
(2.6B)
Resource
Use
Efficiency of
Production= x x
Traditionally, efficient production means maximumoutput at the least cost, and often at the expense ofa degraded environment.
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
25/62
History of Environmental Approaches
policy of high smoke stacks,
hazardous waste discharge to open
sea
Filter, WWTP: development of
Environmental Technologies
Recycling of secondary materials,
reduction of waste volume,
resource efficiency, Green Dot
Integrated view of production
processes, integration of
technology and management
Re-designing of production
processes, products and markets
Principle of
Diffusion
End of Pipe
Technology
Closed LoopEconomy
Cleaner
Production
Eco-Efficiency
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
mid
1990s
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
26/62
Division of Technology, Industry and Economics
No Management
Solid Waste DisposalEffluent Treatment
Waste Management
Conservation of WaterConservation of Energy
Waste Reduction
Env. Monitoring & Auditing
Env. Management System
Cleaner Production
Industrial Ecology
Steps towards sustainable industrial development
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
27/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
28/62
Impact of the transformation to agreener economy on jobs
New jobs will be created Some jobs will be substituted
Some jobs will be eliminatedwithout direct replacement
Most jobs will be transformed
Eg.Manufacturing
of pollutioncontroldevices
Eg. Jobs lostwhenpackagingmaterialsbanned
Eg. Skills sets,work methods
and profiles oftrades becomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly
Eg. Shiftingfrom fossilfuels torenewables
JUST TRANSITION
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
29/62
Greening measures in major segments of theeconomy undergoing transformation
Energy supply Integrated gasification/ carbon sequestration Co-generation (combined heat and power) Renewables (wind, solar, biofuels, geothermal, small-scale hydro); fuel cells
Transport More fuel-efficient vehicles, retrofit Hybrid-electric, electric, and fuel-cell vehicles Car-sharingManufacturing Pollution control (scrubbers and other tailpipe technologies) Energy and materials efficiency Clean production techniques (toxics avoidance) Cradle-to-cradle (closed-loop systems)Buildings
Lighting, energy-efficient appliances and office equipment
Solar heating and cooling, solar panels Retrofitting Green buildings (energy-efficient windows, insulation, building materials,
heating, ventilation and airconditioning)
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
30/62
The ILOs aim to promotedecent work translates inthe adoption of a just
transition framework forthe construction of a fairer,greener and more
sustainable globalization.
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
31/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
32/62
http://hqweb.unep.org/greeneconomy/
Industries that provide products
or services related to renewableenergy, increased energy efficiency,clean transportation and fuels,agriculture and natural resourceconservation, and pollutionprevention or environmentalcleanup.
One that results in improved humanwell-being and social equity, whilesignificantly reducing environmentalrisks and ecological scarcities..
.Low-carbon, resource efficientand socially inclusive (UNEP, 2011)
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
33/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
34/62
Opportunity to find global solutions
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
35/62
Green Jobs Initiative
Partners:
ILO, UNEP, ITUCand IOE
Green JobsReport
(September 2008)
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
36/62
ILO Green Jobs Programme
Advisory services for member countries
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
37/62
Green jobs is defined by the ILO/UNEP as:
employment created in economic sectors and activities,
which reduces their environmental impact and ultimatelybrings it down to levels that are sustainable
Green Jobs should also meet requirements of decent workadequate wages, safe conditions, workers rights, socialdialogue and social protection
Green Jobs
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
38/62
GREEN
Activities that areenvironmentally sustainable
Low-carbon(mitigation)
Climate resilient(adaptation)
Environmentally-
friendly (minimizingwaste and pollution,protectingbiodiversity)
What are green jobs?
JOBS
Decent work is defined bythe ILO as:
Opportunities for womenand men to obtainproductive work inconditions of freedom,equity, security and humandignity
Green Jobs = Decent + Environmentally Sustainable
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
39/62
Jobs that reduce environmental impact ofenterprises & economic activities such as -
- those that help to protect ecosystems & bio-
diversity- Jobs that reduce consumption of energy,materials, water, decarbonise economy
- minimize or avoid generation of waste
Idea of green jobs is not absolute, there are shadesof green
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
40/62
Green & Decent Jobs link MDG 1 (poverty reduction)and MDG 7 (protecting the environment)
So, how do we promote Green & Decent Jobs in
different industry sectors?
Greening of industry comes not just from growingmore trees or investing in effluent treatment plants
or energy efficient production processes (importantas these are) BUT we also need to look at howbusiness conducts its business. What employment &working conditions need to be promoted for green &decent jobs?
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
41/62
DECENT WORK
ENVIR
ONME
NT
E.S & Decent
Green Jobs
E.S, but notDecent
Neither ES nordecent
Decent but notE.S
Green Jobs A Journey towards Decent
Work and Environmental Sustainability
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
42/62
Green Jobs are based on the two pillars ofDecent Work and Environmental Sustainability;
Green jobs pursue the goal of full employment,decent work for all and a low-carbon,environmentally friendly economy;
Green Jobs = Decent Work that contributes toEnvironmental Sustainability (ES)
Green Jobs are Decent Work
G J b d th S t i bl
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
43/62
Green Jobs and the Sustainable
Development Agenda
GJ links environmental policies and economicpolicies to achieve inclusive growth in the context
of sustainable development
Engine of Growth
Employment &
Poverty reduction
Environment
SustainableDevelopment
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
44/62
Engine of Growth Environment
Decent Work
The core ILS (8)
OHS standardsHRD/TVET
(ILC 2007 conclusions on
sustainable enterprises )
Labor/social issues
DECENT WORK INDICATORS
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
45/62
DECENT WORK INDICATORS
Freedom of association and the effective recognition of the rightto collective bargaining
C87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right toOrganize Convention,1948; C98 Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention,1949;
Elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labor C29 Forced Labour Convention 1930; C105 Aboliation of Forced Labour Convention, 1957
Effective abolition of child labor C138 Minimum Age Convention, 1973, C182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999
Elimination of discrimination in respect of employment andoccupation
C100 Equal remuneration Convention, 1951, C111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation)Convention, 1958
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
46/62
Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155) and itsProtocol of 2002 and Recommendation (No. 164);
Chemical Convention, 1990 (No. 170) and Recommendation (No.177); Prevention of Major Industrial Accident Convention, 1993 (No. 174)and Recommendation (No. 181);
Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1985 (No. 161) andRecommendation (No. 171);
Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and HealthConvention, 2006 (No. 187) and Recommendation (No. 197); ILO Guideline on Occupational Safety and Health ManagementSystems (ILO-OSH 2001)
Occupational health and safety
standards
G St d d A h
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
47/62
Organic Agriculture - SNI 01-6729-2002 (IndonesianNational Standards) on Organic Food System byNational Standardization Agency of Indonesia
Green Building and Construction - SNI 03-6759-2002(Indonesian National Standards) on Codes for
Energy conservation designation of buildings;Green Star (Australia)Green Finance Principles for Responsible Investment
(UN- PRI)Sustainable Fisheries Marine Stewardship Council
Fishery StandardsSustainable Forestry Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)Manufacturing and Industry (ISO) 14064 of Greenhouse
Gas Accounting and VerificationTourism Green Globe 21 Standard
Green Standards Approach
ShipShipShipShip breakingbreakingbreakingbreaking
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
48/62
ShipShipShipShip----breakingbreakingbreakingbreaking
Over 100,000 workers inAsia, almost all untrainedand unprotected in anenvironmentally damaging
and hazardous industry.
RecyclingMillions of workers in Asia
involved in hazardous waste
recycling (e-waste, lead andother heavy metals, etc.) in the
informal sector.
Not Green Jobs !!For decent work & environment related reasons
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
49/62
Environmentally
sustainable but not
providing decent work
Neither environmentally
sustainable nor providing
decent work
Decent work but not
environmentally
sustainable
Green jobs
Yes
Yes
No
No
DECENT WORK
ENVIRON
MENTALLYSUSTAINABLE
Type 1: BioBioBioBio----fuels,fuels,fuels,fuels,ships breakingships breakingships breakingships breaking
Type 2: WasteWasteWasteWastemanagement/management/management/management/recyclingrecyclingrecyclingrecycling
Type 3: Energy/nergy/nergy/nergy/resource efficiencyresource efficiencyresource efficiencyresource efficiencyin manufacturing &in manufacturing &in manufacturing &in manufacturing &serviceserviceserviceservicesectors/green skillssectors/green skillssectors/green skillssectors/green skills& competencies& competencies& competencies& competencies
Type 4: Expand intoExpand intoExpand intoExpand intonew green sectorsnew green sectorsnew green sectorsnew green sectors
Type 2: Tackling decent workdeficiencies
Type3:Improving
environmentalsu
stainability
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
50/62
Working conditions (OSH)
Terms of employment (wages & contracts ofemployment) regularization of employmentrelations
Freedom of Association and Right to CollectiveBargaining
ILO relevance
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
51/62
EmploymentEmploymentEmploymentEmployment
ServicesServicesServicesServices
The labour market shifts induced by the impact of climate
change and its related policies must be understood,
anticipated and accompanied. Employment services aim
to improve the functioning of the labor market.
SocialSocialSocialSocial
DialogueDialogueDialogueDialogue
Realizing the objectives ofclimate mitigation policies and
the opportunities will depend on the extensive use of theILO tool of social dialogue with industry and trade union.
SustainableSustainableSustainableSustainable
EnterpriseEnterpriseEnterpriseEnterprise
While these apply to all enterprises, adjusting to climate
change will require a particular focus on SMEs which are
likely to face significant information deficits relative tolarge firms, and also face financial constraints relative to
large firms. 2007 ILC on Sustainable Enterprise.
OccupationalOccupationalOccupationalOccupational
Safety andSafety andSafety andSafety andHealthHealthHealthHealth
Investments and employment promotion policies in green
sectors and greening sectors will require a focus onoccupational safety and health (ILO standards)
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
52/62
DisasterDisasterDisasterDisaster
ManagementManagementManagementManagement
Capacity of intervention in the context ofclimate related
natural disasters, both prevention and reactivestrategies (CRISIS).
MigrationMigrationMigrationMigration Climate variability & climate change migration and
emigration
StandardsStandardsStandardsStandardsand Rightsand Rightsand Rightsand Rights
Ex: The climate change gender double deficit.
EmploymentEmploymentEmploymentEmployment
IntensiveIntensiveIntensiveIntensive
Env.t relatedEnv.t relatedEnv.t relatedEnv.t relatedProgramsProgramsProgramsPrograms
Government driven policies in employment intensive
infrastructure programs are important tool for adapting
to climate change (Adaptation+DW). ILO EIIP, nationalsuch as NREGA (India), Working for Water Program
(South Africa), Green Belt Movement (Kenya),
Retrofitting public program (Germany, US,), etc.
SocialSocialSocialSocialProtectionProtectionProtectionProtection Climate change will exacerbate the needs through,higher frequency of severe weather events (ex. South
East Asia) and the higher rate of job turnover
SkillsSkillsSkillsSkills Surging of new skills, transformation and expansion of
existing ones, such as in greening existing processes.
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
53/62
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
54/62
Living Wage
Health Benefits for all employees
Pension Benefits
Paid Leave
Safe Working conditions
Family friendly working conditions
Opportunities for advancement
Entry level jobs accessible to with barriers to employment Meaningful work and job satisfaction
Local hiring practices
Job training linked to real jobs
Flexible work schedules Access to membership to workers organizations
ILO Initiatives in the Philippines: Green Jobs
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
55/62
ILO Initiatives in the Philippines: Green JobsJust transition towards a low carbon, climate resilient, greener economy
N ti l li d f k
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
56/62
New national policy and programme frameworks:
Successful interventions to mainstream Decent Work!
PhilippineDevelopment Plan
2011-2016
UNDAF2012-2018
Philippine Laborand EmploymentPlan 2011-2016
Philippine JobsPactDWCP
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
57/62
www.ilo.org ILO CO-Manila
The Millennium Development Goals
Achieve full and
productive employmentand decent work for all,
including for women and
young people
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
58/62
4 Outcomes
Universal
access toquality socialservices, withfocus on theMillennium
DevelopmentGoals
Decent andproductive
employmentfor sustainedand greener
growth
Democraticgovernance
Resilience todisasters and
climatechange
UNDAF
2012-2018
ILO actively participated in all the
UNDAF processes and leads twosub-outcomes under Outcome 2.
Enabling conditions for just transition
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
59/62
Enabling conditions for just transition
Skills development & adaptation of the labourforce
Supporting the MSMEs
Adaptation of institutional & governanceframeworks, and the role of social actors
Analyzing OSH issues
On going discussions
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
60/62
On going discussions.
Social policies to reconcile social goals with existingor proposed economic policies
Environmental economics - Getting prices right,including removing subsidies, valuing naturalresources, ecological tax reforms
Public procurement policies to promote greening of
business and markets Strategic investments in sustainable infrastructure,
R&D on environmental technologies
Target incentive programs, stimulus packages andpartnerships
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
61/62
Green Jobs Resources:
Green Jobs Communities of Practice (COP) portal:
http://greenjobs-ap.ilobkk.org.th
-
7/31/2019 GreenJobs Presentation TUCP Workshop
62/62
Thank you
Georginia Pascual
pascual@ilo.org
580-9940
09175004572
top related