geocomputation for widening participation in higher education

GEOCOMPUTATION FOR WIDENING PARTICIPATION IN

HIGHER EDUCATION

Alex SingletonPaul Longley

Oliver O'BrienDepartment of Geography and Centre for Advance Spatial Analysis ,

University College London

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

1962

19

63

1964

19

65

1966

19

67

1968

19

69

1970

19

71

1972

19

73

1974

19

75

1976

19

77

1978

19

79

1980

19

81

1982

19

83

1984

19

85

1986

19

87

1988

19

89

1990

19

91

1992

19

93

1994

19

95

1996

19

97

1998

19

99

2000

20

01

2002

20

03

THE HE PROBLEM: ACCEPTANCES 1962 - 2003

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978

Professional & Technical Administrators & Managers Clerical & Armed Forces Manual

OCCUPATIONAL GROUP: 1968-1978

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

V Unskilled

IV Partly Skilled

IIIN Skilled non-Manual

IIIM Skilled Manual

II Intermediate

I Professional

SOCIAL CLASS: 1980 - 2001

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Higher managerial and professional occupations

Lower managerial and professional occupations

Intermediate occupations

Small employers and own account workers

Lower supervisory and technical occupations

Semi-routine occupations

Routine occupations

SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROUP: 2002 - 2007

WIDENING PARTICIPATION

• Government have set 50% participation target

• Standard fees - ~£1500

• Topup fees - Up to a cap of ~£3000

• Can only be charged if university signs “access agreement” - States how the money will be used to “widen participation”

• University performance indicators (State School Students, NS-SEC, Neighbourhood)

• WP Funding - POLAR

PROBLEM

• How to reach those students who are unlikely to attend HE?

• University recruitment often un-systematic

• lack spatial decision support tools

• What data are available?

• LOTS!

SOLUTION

• Give stakeholders of HE better access to data!

• Simple to use

• Simple to use

• Simple to use

• Simple to use

• Simple to use!

• Data

• Record for every state school pupils in England

• Spatial reference

• Attainment / demographic attributes

STARTING POINT

Very busy cartography

Google API

REVISED CARTOGRAPHY / DISPLAYG

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CONTEXTUAL DATA

• Spatial Location - profile of schools

• Geodemographics

• Deprivation classification

• POLAR

• Model school catchments

Physical Geography

Music

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade) great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

OpenLayers (.js)

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

AJAX Requests

OSM Tiles

PVCs (.kml)

OAC

R

ArcGIS

Google Chart API

Tiles

Chart Cache

Architecture Diagram

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsql

Mapnik

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

Shapefiles

Tiles

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

NetworkLayer

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL Tools

Mapnik

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

PerryGeo Hillshading

Shapefiles

HillshadingLayer

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Tiles

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

ChoroplethLayers

Tiles

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

OAC

SchoolStatistics

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Tiles

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

PVCs (.kml)

OAC

R

ArcGIS

School CatchmentAreas

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Tiles

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

KDE / PVC

Run: bandwidth 200 - 2000m

Until: Single polygon

Else: Reduce confidence 10%

Run: bandwidth 200 - 2000m

Until: Single polygon

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

PVCs (.kml)

OAC

R

ArcGIS

ServingTiles

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Tiles

OpenLayers (.js)

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

PVCs (.kml)

OAC

R

ArcGIS

Other TileSources

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Tiles

OSM Tiles

OpenLayers (.js)

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

AJAX Requests

PVCs (.kml)

OAC

R

ArcGIS

Google Chart API

Chart Cache

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Tiles

OSM Tiles

OpenLayers (.js)

Showing the Statistics

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

great_britain.osm (.xml)

PostgreSQL DB with PostGIS

osm2pgsqlNASA’s SRTM DEMs

GDAL ToolsUKBorders English

MSOAs and Postcodes

DCSF. gov.uk National Pupil

Database

mySQL DB

DCSF.gov.uk EduBase and

IDACI

HEFCE.ac.uk POLAR

OAC

Mapnik

Shapefiles

OSM Tiling Script (.py)

Stylesheets(.xml)

ArcGIS

ColorBrewer

PerryGeo Hillshading

AJAX Requests

PVCs (.kml)

OAC

R

ArcGIS

Google Chart API

Chart Cache

OSM Tiles

Tiles

OpenLayers (.js)

PublicProfilerSchools Atlas

Showing Catchments

OpenStreetMap (via Cloudmade)

Version One

SCHOOL SELECTION

SCHOOL PROFILES

AREA PROFILES

Version Two

3 WEBSITES

• HE / Widening Participation

• Choosing a school

• Atlas website

IndividualsIndividual level schools data

Output Areas

Output Area Classification

CAS WardsPOLAR HE

Participation rates

SurfaceShuttle Radar

Topography Mission

Network Street network data

LSOAIndex multiple

deprivation

Map display and controls

Tile processing areal and network data

KDE / PVA automation for school catchment areas

Processing SRTM data in terrain relief

Charts API

Thanks!