gas stoichiometry

Gas StoichiometryGas Stoichiometry

Using the Ideal Gas LawUsing the Ideal Gas Law

In Chemical Reactions.In Chemical Reactions.

The Automotive AirbagThe Automotive Airbag

TheThe airbag airbag is responsible foris responsible for

saving many thousands of livessaving many thousands of lives

and represents an importantand represents an important

application ofapplication of

Gas StoichiometryGas Stoichiometry..

The Automotive AirbagThe Automotive Airbag

The Automotive AirbagThe Automotive Airbag

The idea of providing protection forThe idea of providing protection for

occupants of vehicles using some typeoccupants of vehicles using some type

of cushioning device is not new.of cushioning device is not new.

The Automotive AirbagThe Automotive Airbag

Today’s modern airbag systemsToday’s modern airbag systems

inflate in millisecondsinflate in milliseconds

and have proven so effectiveand have proven so effective

that they are now requiredthat they are now required

on all cars sold in the USAon all cars sold in the USA

and most other countries.and most other countries.

Most airbag systems useMost airbag systems use technology first developed by technology first developed by Mercedes Benz which Mercedes Benz which

uses auses a

chemical reaction tochemical reaction to

produce a gas that inflates the bag.produce a gas that inflates the bag.

The Automotive AirbagThe Automotive Airbag

Sodium azide (NaNSodium azide (NaN33))

decomposes rapidly intodecomposes rapidly into sodium metal and nitrogen gas. sodium metal and nitrogen gas.

NaNNaN3(s)3(s) Na Na(s)(s) + N + N2(g)2(g)

Sodium azide (NaNSodium azide (NaN33))

decomposes rapidly intodecomposes rapidly into sodium metal and nitrogen gas. sodium metal and nitrogen gas.

2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

? g 60. 0 L? g 60. 0 L

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

? g 60. 0 L? g 60. 0 L

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

? g 60. 0 L? g 60. 0 L

mol Nmol N22

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

? g 60. 0 L? g 60. 0 L

mol Nmol N22

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

? g 60. 0 L? g 60. 0 L

mol NaNmol NaN3 3 mol N mol N22

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.2 NaN2 NaN3(s)3(s) 2 Na 2 Na(s)(s) + 3 N + 3 N2(g)2(g)

? g 60. 0 L? g 60. 0 L

mol NaNmol NaN3 3 mol N mol N22

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP.

60.0 L N60.0 L N2 2 x ----------- x ----------- x ----------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ----------- =

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. mol Nmol N2 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ---------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ---------- =

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. mol Nmol N2 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ---------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ---------- =

L NL N22 mol N mol N2 2 mol NaNmol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. mol Nmol N2 2 2 mol NaN2 mol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

L NL N22 3 mol N 3 mol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N2 2 2 mol NaN2 mol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

? L N? L N22 3 mol N 3 mol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N2 2 2 mol NaN2 mol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

22.4 L N22.4 L N22 3 mol N 3 mol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N2 2 2 mol NaN2 mol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

22.4 L N22.4 L N22 3 mol N 3 mol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N2 2 2 mol NaN2 mol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 L NL N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

22.4 22.4 L NL N22 3 mol N 3 mol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N22 2 mol NaN2 mol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 L NL N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

22.4 22.4 L NL N22 3 3 mol Nmol N22 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N22 2 2 mol NaNmol NaN33 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 L NL N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

22.4 22.4 L NL N22 3 3 mol Nmol N22 1 1 mol NaNmol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at STP.at STP. 11 mol Nmol N22 2 2 mol NaNmol NaN33 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 L NL N22 x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x ------------- =

22.4 22.4 L NL N22 3 3 mol Nmol N22 1 1 mol NaNmol NaN33

116.1 116.1 g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

mol Nmol N2 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

mol Nmol N2 2 22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =

L NL N2 2 33 mol Nmol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

11 mol Nmol N2 2 22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =

22.4 22.4 L NL N2 2 33 mol Nmol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

11 mol Nmol N2 2 22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =

NOT! NOT! L NL N2 2 33 mol Nmol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

11 mol Nmol N2 2 22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =

NOT! NOT! L NL N2 2 33 mol Nmol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

((at non-STP conditions)at non-STP conditions)

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

? ? mol Nmol N2 2 22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- =x ----------- x ----------- x -------------- = in 60.0 L Nin 60.0 L N2 2 33 mol Nmol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

n = ----------------n = ----------------

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

PVPV

n = ----------------n = ----------------

RTRT

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

(758 mm)(60.0 L)(758 mm)(60.0 L)

n = -----------------------n = -----------------------

RTRT

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

(758 mm)(60.0 L)(758 mm)(60.0 L)

n = -----------------------n = -----------------------

R (298 K)R (298 K)

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

(758 mm)(60.0 L)(758 mm)(60.0 L)

n = -----------------------n = -----------------------

(62.4 (62.4 mm L/molmm L/mol)(298 K))(298 K)

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

(758 (758 mmmm)(60.0 L))(60.0 L)

n = -----------------------n = -----------------------

(62.4 (62.4 mmmm L/mol K) L/mol K) )(298 K) )(298 K)

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

(758 (758 mmmm)(60.0 )(60.0 LL))

n = -----------------------n = -----------------------

(62.4 (62.4 mmmm L/L/mol K)mol K) )(298 K) )(298 K)

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

(758 (758 mmmm)(60.0 )(60.0 LL))

n = -----------------------n = -----------------------

(62.4 (62.4 mmmm L/L/mol mol KK)) )(298 )(298 KK))

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.PV = nRTPV = nRT

n = 2.45 moln = 2.45 mol

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

2.45 mol N2.45 mol N22 x ----------- x -------------- = x ----------- x -------------- =

33 mol Nmol N2 2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

22 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

2.45 2.45 mol Nmol N22 x ----------- x -------------- = x ----------- x -------------- =

33 mol Nmol N22 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

22 mol NaNmol NaN33 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

2.45 2.45 mol Nmol N22 x ----------- x -------------- = x ----------- x -------------- =

33 mol Nmol N22 1 1 mol NaNmol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

22 mol NaNmol NaN33 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

2.45 2.45 mol Nmol N22 x ----------- x -------------- = x ----------- x -------------- =

33 mol Nmol N22 1 1 mol NaNmol NaN33

106.2 106.2 g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 mm) 2(758 mm) 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 L N60.0 L N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mm L/mol K) (298K) 3 mol N2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 mm) 2(758 mm) 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 L NL N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mm LL/mol K) (298K) 3 mol N2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 (758 mmmm) 2) 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 LL N N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mmmm LL/mol K) (298K) 3 mol N2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 (758 mmmm) 2) 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 LL N N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mmmm LL/mol KK) (298KK) 3 mol N2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 (758 mmmm) 2) 2 mol NaNmol NaN3 3 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 LL N N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mmmm LL/molmol KK) (298KK) 3 molmol N2 1 mol NaN1 mol NaN3 3

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 (758 mmmm) 2) 2 mol NaNmol NaN33 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 LL N N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mmmm LL/molmol KK) (298KK) 3 molmol N2 1 1 mol NaNmol NaN33

g NaNg NaN33

Detemine the mass of sodium azideDetemine the mass of sodium azideneeded to produce 60.0 L of Nneeded to produce 60.0 L of N22

at 25.0 at 25.0 ooC and 758 mm Hg.C and 758 mm Hg.

(758 (758 mmmm) 2) 2 mol NaNmol NaN33 65.065.0 g NaNg NaN33

60.0 60.0 LL N N22 x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- = x -------------- x ----------- x -------------- =

(62.4(62.4mmmm LL/molmol KK) (298KK) 3 molmol N2 1 1 mol NaNmol NaN33

106.0 106.0 g NaNg NaN33