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Galileo Galilei: Theory, Trial, and Tribulations
Context Timeline of events Galileo's letter to the Grand Duchess
Context: Ptolemaic Model
Context: Copernican Model
Context: Italy
Context: The Inquisition
Context: Heresy
Timeline of Events: Before the Trial
1597 Tells friends he agrees with
Copernican model
1600 Dissident thinker convicted
of heresy and burned
1610 Builds telescope, confirms
Copernican model
1611 Honored by mathematicians
at a banquet at Collegio Romano
1613 First attack from the clergy
1615 Complaint filed with
Inquisition
1624 Meets with Pope 6 times,
told he can discuss theory only as a hypothesis
1633 At trial, recants and
sentenced to house arrest
Timeline of Events: After the Trial
1638 Totally blind, he petitions to be freed but is denied
1641 Dies
1820 Inquisition abolished
1835 Book describing heliocentric theory removed from Vatican's banned list
1992 Church formally abmits his views are correct
Letter
Search for ”galileo letter grand duchess” and click on the second link to skim his letter. Do not
close the window.
Letter
Type of document
Date of document
Author(s) or creator(s) of the document
Other information about the author indicated on the document (position, title, etc.)
For what audience was the document written?
Letter
Type of document: Letter
Date of document: 1615
Author(s) or creator(s) of the document: Galileo Galilei
Other information about the author indicated on the document (position, title, etc.): None
For what audience was the document written? The Grand Duchess Christina of Tuscany
Letter
List 2 or more things the document tells you about the author's view of the physical world (read paragraph 6)
What does the author say about the relationship between religion and science? (read paragraph 2)
Letter
List 2 or more things the document tells you about the author's view of the physical world. 1. The sun is motionless. 2. The earth revolves around the sun.
What does the author say about the relationship between religion and science? Passages from the Bible, incorrectly understood, have been used by his detractors to support their own opinions, rather than the truth.
Letter
How does (or does not) the author address the concerns of Roman Catholic Church officials as expressed in the Galileo Indictment?
How did the author stay out of trouble with the church authorities? (or, if the document is by Galileo, why did he get in trouble with church authorities?) (read paragraphs 2, 4, 5, 6)
Letter
How does (or does not) the author address the concerns of Roman Catholic Church officials as expressed in the Galileo Indictment? It was written before the indictment.
How did the author stay out of trouble with the church authorities? (or, if the document is by Galileo, why did he get in trouble with church authorities?) (read paragraphs 2, 4, 5, 6) He said detractors think their opinions are more important than the truth, they are obstinate, he laughs at them, and they are hiding their lies.
It's Your Turn
Read Galileo's Indictment. With two other partners, fill out the worksheet your teacher will
pass out. To read the indictment, search for ”galileo indictment.”
Tracking Record
Homework
W3, L9 8/161. Submit group project for progress check. Due 8/232. Answer each question with three sentences:
1. Why was the church upset with Galileo? 2. Was Galileo right and the church wrong? 3. The name “Scientific Revolution” implies this era was one of change. What are the old and new values that
are coming into conflict, based on these sources? (think about issues such authority, sources of knowledge, and the individual in society, for example).
4. Is a conflict such as this possible today? Why and how? 5. Will this information help us in the future and help us
understand the modern world? How?
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