gait analysis

GAIT ANALYSIS

AAQIB MANZOOR BHATCSE 3819

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCEINCE AND ENGINEERINGSSM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PROCESS TECHNIQUES GAIT CYCLE FACTORS AFFECTING GAIT APPLICATIONS OF GAIT TECHNOLOGY CONCLUSION FUTURE SCOPE

INTRODUCTION :

Gait is the medical term to describe human locomotion or the way that we walk. Thus, it is a locomotion achieved through the movement of limbs.

Different gait patterns are characterized by differences in limb movement patterns. Thus, every individual has a unique gait pattern, while there are some features in a person’s gait that are common for everyone.

PROCESSA typical gait analysis laboratory has several cameras (video and / or infrared) placed around a walkway or a treadmill, which are linked to a computer. The person has markers located at various points of reference of the body (e.g., iliac spines of the pelvis, ankle malleolus, and the condyles of the knee), or groups of markers applied to half of the body segments. The person walks down the catwalk or the treadmill and the computer calculates the trajectory of each marker in three dimensions.

TECHNIQUES

•TEMPORAL •KINEMATICS•KINETICS•DYNAMIC ELECTROMYOGRAPHY•MPCA

GAIT CYCLE : Gait cycle is used to describe the complex activity of

walking, by describing the motions from the period of time from one heel strike on the ground to the next strike of the

same heel, on the ground for a second time.

PHASES OF GAIT CYCLE

STANCE PHASE STANCE : Defined as the interval in

which the foot is on the ground . It begins at the instant, that one

extremity contacts the ground & continuous only as long as some portion of the foot is in contact with the ground.

It is approx 60% of normal gait duration

SUBDIVISION OF STANCE PHASE :

Heel strike (Initial Contact) Foot flat (Loading Response) Mid-stance (Mid Stance) Heel off (Terminal Stance) Toe off (Pre Swing)

SWING PHASE SWING : Defined as the interval in

which the foot is not in contact with the ground .

It begins as soon as the toe of one extremity leaves the ground & ceases just before heel strike or contact of the same extremity.

It makes up 40% of normal gait cycle

SUBDIVISION OF SWING PHASE:

1) Acceleration (Initial Swing) 2) Mid-swing 3) Deceleration (Terminal Swing)

REPRESENTATION OF COMPLETE

GAIT CYCLE

FACTORS AFFECTING GAIT Age Gender Height Size & shape of bony components Muscle strength Carrying bulky items Physical injury

Applications of Gait Technology: SECURITY

MEDICAL

SPORTS

SECURITY

MEDICAL

SPORTS.

CONCLUSION: Biometrics points are useful for making

identifications with camera systems, but they depend on the existence of a previously generated database so that gait patterns can be compared.

FUTURE SCOPE

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