gail palmer mechanics and style school of electrical and computer engineering georgia institute of...
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Gail Palmer
Mechanics and Style
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Georgia Institute of Technology
Professional Communication Skills School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 2
Mechanics and Style
Consistency
Capitalization
Italics
Abbreviations
Acronyms and initializations
Numbers
Enumeration
Equations
Professional Communication Skills School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 3
Consistency
Capitalization
Italics
Abbreviations
Acronyms and initializations
Numbering sequences
Symbols
Equations
Spelling
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Capitalization
Capitalize the first word in a sentence
Capitalize proper nouns
Capitalize titles of books, periodicals, published and unpublished reports, articles, and document sections according to IEEE guidelines
Capitalize references to specific figures, tables, chapters, sections and equations
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Italics
Italicize titles of journals, books, newsletters, and manuals
Italicize letters, words, terms, and equation symbols
Italicize foreign words
Italicize words or phrases being emphasized
Italicize names of specific vessels
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Abbreviations
Abbreviate terms and words in graphics and bibliographies
Abbreviate certain words and phrases in your text
Abbreviate standard units of measure
Avoid inventing abbreviations
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Acronyms and Initializations
Capitalize acronyms and do not use periods. (When acronyms become integrated into the language as common nouns, e.g., laser or radar, they are no longer capitalized.)
Spell out the phrase and follow it with the acronym or initialization in parentheses when using the acronym for the first time. Then use the acronym by itself:Hypertext markup language (HTML) is a common programming language. Most graduate students are familiar with HTML.
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Acronyms and Initializations (2)
Provide a list of terms in the front matter of the document (if numerous acronyms and initializations appear in the document)
Form the plural of an acronym by adding –s without an apostrophe:GTAs
PALs
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Numbers
Spell out a number if it begins a sentenceFour students made 100 on the test.
Fifteen students will give their presentations today.
Spell out the pronoun oneOne is expected to give five oral presentations.
When one speaks, it is important to make lingering eye contact with the audience.
Use numerals for dates, time of day, pages, figures, and notes
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Numbers (2)
Use Arabic numerals followed by a percent sign (%) to express percentages (except at the beginning of a sentence):His number of filler words decreased by 17%.
Ninety-five percent of all students will improve their oral presentation scores on their final presentation.
Spell out the first number when one number immediately follows another in a sentence: The circuit used two 2-bit adders.
The circuit used three 2-bit adders.
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Numbers (3)
Use the following guidelines for forming American and British numbers:
Form integers of two to four digits without any punctuation or spacing:
• 74 741 7415
Use a period (.) to indicate the decimal point and use an initial zero (0) for numbers less than 1.0:
• 74.5 7.452 0.254
Form numbers of five digits or more by using a comma (,) to mark off groups of three digits, starting at the decimal point:
• 27,451 70,000 700,254.51
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Numbers (4)
Use the following guidelines for forming international numbers:
Form integers of two to four digits without any punctuation or spacing:
• 74 741 7415
Use the comma (,) to indicate the decimal point and use an initial zero (0) for numbers less than 1.0:
• 74,5 7,452 0,254
Separate numbers of five digits or more by using a period (.) to mark off groups of three digits, starting at the decimal point:
•27.451 70.000 700.254,51
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Numbers (5)
Adopt one of the following formats for writing numbers:
Use Arabic numerals instead of words for both cardinal and ordinal numbers:
• 4 chips 4th chip
Write out numbers between one and ten and two-word fractions that do not follow an integer:
• Four chips 1 ½ hours one-half hour
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Enumeration
Use enumeration in documents to identify sequences of chapters, sections, page numbers, figures and tables, equations, footnotes, and appendixes.
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Chapter/Section/and Outline Enumeration
1 1.1
1.2• 1.2.1• 1.2.2
2 2.1
2.2
3
3.1
3.2
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Pagination
Front matter: use lower case Roman numerals ( i, ii, iii, iv, v, etc.)
Body: use Arabic numerals sequentially throughout starting with page 1 (do not show the page number on page 1)
End matter: continue the sequential Arabic numerals begun in the body of the document
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Figures
Number sequentially using Arabic numerals (no decimals)
Capitalize the word figure when a number follows it
Do not abbreviate the word figure
Follow the figure number with a period (.), skip a space, and begin the title with a capital letter
Begin the figure title at the left edge of the figure
Put the figure title under the figure
Put the figure title inside the lines surrounding the figure
Write the title as though it were a sentence – capitalize only proper nouns and the first letter of the first word
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Tables
Number sequentially using Arabic numerals (no decimals)
Capitalize the word table when a number follows it
Do not abbreviate the word table
Follow the word table with a period (.), skip a space, and begin the title with a capital letter
Center the table title at the top of the table
Put the table title inside the lines surrounding the table
Capitalize only proper nouns and the first letter of the first word in the title
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Equations
Number sequentially all equations discussed in the text
Do not number equations that are part of a series of intermediate steps and that are ot specifically discussed
Use the abbreviation Eq. followed by an Arabic numeral to number equations
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Equations (2)
Integrate equations into the body of the document by including in the text one or more explicit references to each equation
Include only the primary equations in the body of the document (detailed derivations and calculations correctly belong in appendices)
Set off equations from the text by displaying them centered on the longest line, and with equation numbers
The number of the equation is set flush right and is enclosed in parentheses
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References
Number references chronologically (according to the order in which they appear in the text)
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