functions of roads
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7/30/2019 Functions of Roads
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FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
The Functional Classes:
• arterial
• collector
• local
Functional System Services Provided
Arterial Provides the highest level
of service at the greatest
speed for the longest
uninterrupted distance,
with some degree of
access control.
Collector Provides a less highly
developed level of service
at a lower speed for shorter
distances by collecting
traffic from local roads and
connecting them with
arterials.
Local Consists of all roads not
defined as arterials or
collectors; primarily
provides access to land
with little or no through
movement.
Urban Arterial
collector
local
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IN RURAL AREAS, roads are divided into five categories, namely
• EXPRESSWAY,
•
HIGHWAY,• PRIMARY ROAD,
• SECONDARY ROAD and
• MINOR ROAD
IN URBAN AREAS, roads are divided into four categories, namely,
• EXPRESSWAY,
• ARTERIAL,
• COLLECTOR AND
• LOCAL STREET.
FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
MINOR ROADS
They form the basic road network within a Land Scheme or other inhabited
area in a rural area. They also include roads with special functions such as holiday resort roads,
security roads or access roads to microwave stations.
They serve mainly local traffic with short trip lengths and are usually with
partial or no access control.
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HIGHWAYS
They constitute the interstate national network and complement the expressway
network.
They usually link up directly or indirectly the Federal Capitals, State capitals andpoints of entry/exit to the country.
They serve long to intermediate trip lengths.
Speed service is not so important as in an Expressway but relatively high to medium
speed is necessary.
Smooth traffic is provided with partial access control.
PRIMARY ROAD They constitute the major roads forming the basic network of the road
transportation system within a state.
They serve intermediate trip lengths and medium travelling speeds.
Smooth traffic is provided with partial access control.
They usually 1ink up the State Capitals and District Capitals or other
Major Towns.
SECONDARY ROADS
They constitute the major roads forming the basic network of the road
transportation system within District Regional Development Areas.
They serve lengths with partial access control.
They usually link up the major towns within the District or Regional
Development Areas.
FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
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EXPRESSWAY
An Expressway is a divided highway for through traffic with full control of access and
always with grade separations at all intersections.
In rural areas, they apply to the interstate highways for through traffic and make the
basic framework of National road transportation for fast travelling.
They serve long trips and provide higher speed of travelling and comfort.
To maintain this, they are fully access-controlled and are designed to the highest
standards.
In urban areas, they form the basic framework of road transportation system in
urbanised area for through traffic.
They also serve relatively long trips and smooth traffic flow and with full accesscontrol and complement the Rural Expressway.
FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
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The arterial roads
provide the highest level of mobility and the highest speeds
over the longest uninterrupted distance. Interstatesnationwide usually have posted speeds between 55 and
75 mi/h.
ARTERIAL ROADS
FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
Collectors
are major and minor roads that connect
local roads and streets with arterials. Collectors provideless mobility than arterials at lower speeds and for shorter
distances. They balance mobility with land access.
The posted speed limit on collectors is usually
between 35 and 55 mi/h.
COLLECTORS
Local roads provide limited mobility and arethe primary access to residential areas,
businesses, farms, and other local areas.
Local roads, with posted speed limits usually
between 20 and 45 mi/h,
are the majority of roads in the U.S.
LOCAL
LOCAL
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Relationship of functionally classified
highway systems in serving traffic mobility
and land access.
FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
Arterials higher mobility
low degree ofaccess
Collectors balance between
mobility andaccess
Locals lower mobility
high degree ofaccess
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COLLECTOR ROAD
The total width of a rural
collector can vary from
7.2 m to 12 m, dependingon traffic volume.
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Functional System Percent of
Total Mileage Percent of
Total Travel Interstate 1.2 22.8 Other Freeway/Expressway .2 6.2 Other PrincipalArterial 3.8 24.3 Minor Arterial 5.7 18.4 Major Collector 11.1 7.8 Minor Collector 7.2 2.1 Collections 2.2 5.3 Local 68.6 13.1
Total 100 100
Functional System (Rural and Urban)
Mileage and Travel
FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
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FUNCTIONS OF ROADS
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