frequency and predictors of consistent condom use in hiv/aids patients receiving antiretroviral...
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Frequency and predictors of
consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS
patients receiving antiretroviral
therapy in Western Ethiopia
Zewdneh Shewamene Sabe (B.Pharm, MSc)College of Medicine and Health Sciences
University of Gondar, Ethiopia November 26, 2014
Outline
Introduction
Objectives
Materials and methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
2
Introduction
o HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest public
health problems of sub-Saharan Africa
countries
o Consistent condom use among others
remains the most effective barrier method
against HIV transmission
3
Introduction…
Rationale of the study
o So far, facilitators and barriers to consistent
condom use among the public has been
addressed
o However, frequency and predictors of
consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients
was not studied adequately
o This scenario deserved to be investigated4
Objectives
o To investigate the frequency and
predictors of consistent condom use in
HIV/AIDS patients
5
Materials and Methods Study setting and design
o The study was conducted at university of
Gondar referral Hospital anti-retroviral
treatment (ART) clinic
o A total of 330 randomly selected patients
were interviewed using structured
interview guide
o Cross sectional study design was adapted
from April to May, 20136
Materials and Methods…
Statistical analysis and ethical issues
o The data were coded, entered, cleaned, and analyzed
using SPSS Statistics, version 20 for Windows
o Descriptive statistics were conducted using
frequencies and proportions
o Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out
using logistic regression to examine associations7
Result and Discussion
Variables Frequency (No = 317) Percent (%)Sex Male 158 49.8
Female 159 50.2Age(years) 18-30 105 33.1
31-45 148 46.746-65 50 15.8>65 14 4.4
Religion Orthodox 212 66.9Muslim 82 25.9Protestant 23 7.2
Marital status Married 140 44.2Single 67 21.1Divorced 57 18.0Widowed 53 16.7
ResidenceUrban 234 73.8Rural 83 26.2
Educational status Primary school 105 33.1Secondary school 118 37.3Higher education 40 12.6Illiterate 54 17.0
8
Table 1: Socio-demographic Characteristics
Result...
9
Table 2: General awareness regarding condom use Variables Frequency
(n=317)Percentage (%)
Have u ever heard of condom? Yes 305 96.2No 12 3.8
Have you ever attend any condom session? Yes 182 57.4No 135 42.6
Correct use of condom will prevent HIV/AIDS transmission?
Yes 275 86.8
No 42 13.2Correct use of condom will prevent STIs? Yes 267 84.2
No 50 15.8Correct use of condom will prevent pregnancy? Yes 295 93.1
No 22 6.9The HIV virus cannot pass` through the condom Yes 238 75.1
No 79 24.9I always use condom during sex in the last six months
yes 250 78.9No 67 21.1
Result...
10
Table 3: Facilitators of consistent condom use
Variables
Consistent condom use Bivariate Analysis COR (95% CI)
Multivariate analysis AOR (95% CI)
P-value
Yes No
Sex Male 140(88.6%) 18(11.4%) 8.38 (4.83-13.99)1.00
6.87 (3.84-11.22)1.00
0.001Female 110(69.1%) 49(30.9%)
Residential area
Urban 188(80.3%) 46(19.7%) 6.40 (3.44-11.80)1.00
4.65 (3.09-9.11) 0.001Rural 62(74.6%) 21(25.4%) 1.00
Educational status
Primary 84(80%) 21(20%) 1.98 (1.43-2.48)
2.00 (1.43-3.87)
12.38 (7.70-20.84)
1.00
1.45 (1.03-2.23) 0.023
Secondary 99(83.9%) 19(16.1%) 1.74 (1.23-2.98) 0.011
Higher 37(92.5%) 3(7.5%) 8.98 (5.06-14.45) 0.001
Illiterate 30(55.6%) 24(44.4%) 1.00
Result...
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Consistent condom use was reported by 250
(78.9%) participants; 140 (88.6%) males and 110
(69.1%) of females
o Men were more exposed for dialogues with friends
and colleagues (Yalew et al, 2012)
o Females unable to negotiate condom use during
sexual intercourse (Kennedy et al 2007)
(OR 6.87; 95% CI 3.84-11.22)
Result...
12
Participants aged between 31-45 years (OR
1.98; 95%CI 1.51-2.29) were more likely to
practice consistent condom use compared to
other age groups
o Participants at sexually active age were more likely
to have better information concerning condom (Dia
et al, 2010, Hurtado et al, 2011)
Result...
13
Consistent use of condom was significantly
different between urban (OR 4.65; 95% CI
3.09-9.11) and rural participants
o Information gap would exist between these areas
(Dessie et al, 2011)
Result...
14
Respondents with an advanced level of
education were more likely to report regular
use of condoms (OR 8.98; 95% CI 5.06-14.45)
compared to those without the education
o This result is quite similar with a study in Addis
Ababa public hospitals (Dessie et al, 2011) which
could possibly be due to behavioral changes
acquainted through education
Result...
15
Duration since ART initiated was significant
predictor of consistent condom use (OR
3.91, 95%CI 2.07-6.25)
This could be due to the more robust counseling
among ART experienced patients compared to
those who were new for ART
Conclusion Significant portion of the following HIV/AIDS patients were
not using condom consistently
Females
Rural dwellers
Uneducated groups and
New ART users
In light of this, increasing awareness about the importance of
consistent condom use among HIV/AIDS patients will be critical to
reduce the transmission as well as infection by multiple viral strains
16
Acknowledgement
o University of Gondar
o Amref Health Africa
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